Significant Publications on Infectious Diseases Pharmacotherapy in 2022.

Purpose: To provide summarization of the most significant infectious diseases (ID) pharmacotherapy articles published in peer-reviewed literature in 2022. Summary: Members of the Houston Infectious Diseases Network (HIDN) nominated notable articles providing significant contributions to ID pharmacotherapy in 2022. Article nominations included those pertaining to general ID, as well as those including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) pharmacotherapy. A total of 71 articles were nominated by HIDN. Members: 68 articles pertaining to general ID pharmacotherapy and 3 articles focusing on HIV/AIDS. To aid selection of the most these most notable articles of 2022, a survey was created and distributed to members of the Society of Infectious Diseases Pharmacists (SIDP). Of the 153 SIDP members who participated in the survey, there were 128 recorded votes for the top 10 general ID pharmacotherapy articles and 30 votes recorded for the top HIV/AIDS article. The most notable publications are summarized. Conclusion: Post pandemic significant advances in antimicrobial stewardship and infectious disease states continues to occur in a world recently focused on the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic. Continuous growth in publication of ID-related articles over the past year lends towards the aims of this review to aid clinicians in remaining current on key practice-changing ID pharmacotherapy publications from 2022.

Use of Eravacycline for Acinetobacter baumannii Infections: A Case Series.

This case series describes the clinical course of 10 patients who received eravacycline antimicrobial therapy for a variety of different Acinetobacter baumannii infection types at a community care hospital.

Improvement in emergency airway equipment transport.

BACKGROUND: Airway management out of the operating room in many major institutions is often performed by teams, requiring airway providers to carry their own materials at all times. The bag containing airway equipment must be light enough to be carried easily, while containing sufficient equipment to manage airways in various settings. Additionally, transport of the bag throughout the hospital raises concern about transmission of infection. We hypothesized that a new system of multiple, smaller bags would decrease weight, facilitate prompt location of equipment, and reduce the risk of bags acting as fomites. METHODS: The service purchased small, nylon laryngoscope bags with dividers to keep equipment organized. The contents of the original bag and a new replacement bag were cataloged and both bags were weighed. Fourteen clinicians working on emergency airway consults at the time of the study were timed as they searched the bags for predetermined equipment with 2 scenarios and intubated a mannequin. The surfaces of the bags were swabbed for culture. RESULTS: Clinicians were significantly faster to locate equipment with the new compared to the original bag, with a difference of 39 s (P < .001, 95% CI 19-58 s) in the first scenario, and 22 s (P < .001, 95% CI 13-32 s) in the second. The cultures from the original bag demonstrated coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, enterococcus, Bacillus species, alpha-hemolytic Streptococcus, non-hemolytic Streptococcus, and a Staphylococcus species of a second type. The culture of the new bag after clinical use but before cleaning grew rare Aspergillosis species. The culture of the new bag after undergoing proper cleaning demonstrated no growth. CONCLUSIONS: Exchanging a large canvas bag for several smaller nylon bags has improved the transport of emergency airway equipment, with benefits in carrying the bag, locating equipment, and reducing the transport of pathogens throughout the hospital.

Intervention with parental smokers in an outpatient pediatric clinic using counseling and nicotine replacement.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of implementing a smoking cessation intervention for parents at the time of the pediatric visit. METHODS: A prospective cohort of smoking parents whose child was seen in an outpatient pediatric practice was offered the Stop Tobacco Outreach Program, which includes 3 brief counseling sessions, written materials, free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), proactive referral to a free state telephone quitline, and fax referral to the parents' primary clinician. The primary outcome was completion of all three counseling sessions. Other outcomes were quit attempts, cessation, NRT use, state quitline use, and household smoking assessed at 2-month follow-up. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-eight smoking parents met eligibility criteria and 100 (63%) enrolled in the study. Of the 100 enrollees, 81% completed all three counseling sessions and 78% accepted free NRT at the time of enrollment. At 2-month follow-up, of the 100 enrollees, 56% reported making a quit attempt of >or=24 hours, 18% reported 7-day tobacco abstinence, 34% used NRT, and 42% received additional counseling from the state telephone quitline. The mean number of cigarettes smoked inside the home and car declined over 2 months (home, 5.1 vs 1.4; and car, 2.5 vs 1.4). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the feasibility of engaging parents in a smoking cessation intervention at the time of a child's clinic visit. This approach may be an effective way to reach smokers who otherwise are unlikely to access smoking cessation interventions. High rates of program enrollment, use of NRT, and completion of telephone counseling in this study support the hypothesis that a child's clinic visit is a teachable moment to address parental smoking cessation.