Characteristics and completeness of reporting of systematic reviews of prevalence studies in adult populations: a meta-research study.

OBJECTIVE: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, first published in 2009, has been widely endorsed and compliance is high in systematic reviews of intervention studies. Systematic reviews of prevalence studies are increasing in frequency, but their characteristics and reporting quality have not been examined in large studies. Our objectives were to describe the characteristics of systematic reviews of prevalence studies in adults, evaluate the completeness of reporting and explore study-level characteristics associated with the completeness of reporting. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: We did a meta-research study. We searched 5 databases from January 2010 to December 2020 to identify systematic reviews of prevalence studies in adult populations. We used the PRISMA 2009 checklist to assess completeness of reporting and recorded additional characteristics. We conducted a descriptive analysis of review characteristics and linear regression to assess the relationship between compliance with PRISMA and publication characteristics. RESULTS: We included 1172 systematic reviews of prevalence studies. The number of reviews increased from 25 in 2010 to 273 in 2020. The median PRISMA score for systematic reviews without meta-analysis was 17.5 out of a maximum of 23 and, for systematic reviews with meta-analysis, 22 out of a maximum of 25. Completeness of reporting, particularly for key items in the methods section was suboptimal. Systematic reviews that included a meta-analysis or reported using a reporting or conduct guideline were the factors most strongly associated with increased compliance with PRISMA 2009. CONCLUSION: Reporting of systematic reviews of prevalence was adequate for many PRISMA items. Nonetheless, this study highlights aspects for which special attention is needed. Development of a specific tool to assess the risk of bias in prevalence studies and an extension to the PRISMA statement could improve the conduct and reporting of systematic reviews of prevalence studies.

Polarization and health-related behaviours and outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review protocol.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic affected people's health behaviours and health outcomes. Political or affective polarization could be associated with health behaviours such as mask-wearing or vaccine uptake and with health outcomes, e.g., infection or mortality rate. Political polarization relates to divergence or spread of ideological beliefs and affective polarization is about dislike between people of different political groups, such as ideologies or parties. The objectives of this study are to investigate and synthesize evidence about associations between both forms of polarization and COVID-19 health behaviours and outcomes. Methods: In this systematic review, we will include quantitative studies that assess the relationship between political or affective polarization and COVID-19-related behaviours and outcomes, including adherence to mask mandates, vaccine uptake, infection and mortality rate. We will use a predetermined strategy to search EMBASE, Medline (Ovid), Cochrane Library, Cochrane COVID-19 Study Register, Global Health (Ovid), PsycInfo (Ovid), Web of Science, CINAHL, EconLit (EBSCOhost), WHO COVID-19 Database, iSearch COVID-19 Portfolio (NIH) and Google Scholar from 2019 to September 8 2023. One reviewer will screen unique records according to eligibility criteria. A second reviewer will verify the selection. Data extraction, using pre-piloted electronic forms, will follow a similar process. The risk of bias of the included studies will be assessed using the JBI checklist for analytical cross sectional studies. We will summarise the included studies descriptively and examine the heterogeneity between studies. Quantitative data pooling might not be feasible due to variations in measurement methods used to evaluate exposure, affective and political polarization. If there are enough relevant studies for statistical data synthesis, we will conduct a meta-analysis. Discussion: This review will help to better understand the concept of polarization in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic and might inform decision making for future pandemics. Protocol registration: PROSPERO ID: CRD42023475828.

Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento de la rinosinusitis crónica: versión completa / Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis: full version

La rinosinusitis (RS) se define como la inflamación de la nariz y los senos paranasales con dos o más síntomas como bloqueo/obstrucción/congestión o secreción nasal (goteo nasal anterior/posterior) más dolor/presión facial y/o reducción o pérdida del sentido del olfato. Adicional, se tienen en cuenta los hallazgos objetivos como la presencia de pólipos nasales y/o descarga mucopurulenta en meato medio y/o edema u obstrucción de la mucosa en el meato medio en la endoscopia nasal. Se pueden considerar o no, los cambios tomográficos como cambios mucosos en el complejo osteomeatal y la mucosa de los senos paranasales. Se reconoce que los síntomas tienen alta sensibilidad, pero baja especificidad, de ahí la necesidad de hallazgos objetivos.

Rhinosinusitis (RS) is defined as inflammation of the nose and sinuses with two or more symptoms such as blockage/obstruction/congestion or nasal discharge. with two or more symptoms such as nasal blockage/obstruction/congestion or nasal discharge (anterior/posterior runny nose) plus facial pain/pressure and/or reduction or loss of the sense of smell. sense of smell. In addition, objective findings such as the presence of nasal polyps and/or nasal presence of nasal polyps and/or mucopurulent discharge from the middle meatus and/or edema or mucosal obstruction or mucosal obstruction in the middle meatus on nasal endoscopy. Tomographic changes may or may not tomographic changes may or may not be considered as mucosal changes in the osteomeatal complex and mucosal osteomeatal complex and the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses. It is recognized that the symptoms symptoms have high sensitivity but low specificity, hence the need for objective findings. findings.

Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento de la rinosinusitis crónica: versión corta para profesionales de la salud. Colombia-2023 / Clinical practice guideline for the management of chronic rhinosinusitis: short version for health care professionals. Colombia-2023

La rinosinusitis (RS) se define como la inflamación de la nariz y los senos paranasales con dos o más síntomas como bloqueo/obstrucción/congestión o secreción nasal (goteo nasal anterior/posterior) más dolor/presión facial y/o reducción o pérdida del sentido del olfato. Adicional, se tienen en cuenta los hallazgos objetivos como la presencia de pólipos nasales y/o descarga mucopurulenta en meato medio y/o edema u obstrucción de la mucosa en el meato medio en la endoscopia nasal.

Rhinosinusitis (RS) is defined as inflammation of the nose and sinuses with two or more symptoms such as blockage/obstruction/congestion or nasal discharge with two or more symptoms such as nasal blockage/obstruction/congestion or nasal discharge (anterior/posterior runny nose) plus facial pain/pressure and/or reduced or lost sense of smell sense of smell. Additionally, objective findings such as the presence of nasal polyps and/or nasal presence of nasal polyps and/or mucopurulent discharge in the middle meatus and/or edema or mucous or mucosal obstruction in the middle meatus on nasal endoscopy.

Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento de la leucemia linfocítica crónica: guía para profesionales de la salud / Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a guide for health care professionals

La leucemia linfocítica crónica (LLC) es una neoplasia caracterizada por la proliferación y acumulación clonal de células B maduras, que típicamente co-expresan los antígenos de superficie CD5 ­ CD23, dentro de la sangre, la médula ósea, los ganglios linfáticos, el bazo y otros tejidos . Esta patología es considerada el tipo de leucemia más común en personas adultas en países occidentales, y se considera una enfermedad de adultos mayores, con una mediana de edad al diagnóstico de 70 años .

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a neoplasm characterized by the proliferation and clonal accumulation of mature B cells, which typically co-express the CD5 - CD23 surface antigens, within the blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen and other tissues. This pathology is considered the most common type of leukemia in adults in Western countries, and is considered a disease of older adults, with a median age at diagnosis of 70 years.

Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento de la leucemia linfocítica crónica / Clinical practice guideline for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

La guía está dirigida al personal clínico asistencial especializado que brinda tratamiento a los pacientes con diagnóstico de LLC, en el contexto del SGSSS colombiano. Incluye a los siguientes profesionales potenciales: Hematólogos y Hematólogos-oncólogos. También está dirigida a los centros asistenciales que brindan cuidado a los pacientes con diagnóstico de LLC y a quienes toman decisiones administrativas, tanto en el medio hospitalario como en las aseguradoras, pagadores del gasto en la salud y en la generación de políticas de salud. Finalmente, las recomendaciones pueden ser de interés para pacientes con LLC, sus familiares y cuidadores. Se considera pertinente aclarar que la guía ofrecerá recomendaciones específicas frente a las preguntas definidas, y excede el alcance de esta, definir las competencias profesionales del equipo involucrado en el manejo de esta patología.

The guide is aimed at specialized clinical care personnel who provide treatment to patients diagnosed with CLL, in the context of the Colombian SGSSS. It includes the following potential professionals: hematologists and hematologist-oncologists. It is also addressed to health care centers that provide care to patients diagnosed with CLL and to administrative decision makers, both in the hospital environment and in the insurance companies, health care payers and health policy makers. Finally, the recommendations may be of interest to CLL patients, their families and caregivers. It is considered pertinent to clarify that the guide will offer specific recommendations in response to the questions defined, and it is beyond the scope of this guide to define the professional competencies of the team involved in the management of this pathology.

Características de individuos sometidos a infiltración de materiales extraños con fines estéticos sobre los que se realizó investigación judicial en Colombia / Characteristics of individuals subjected to infiltration of foreign materials for aesthetic purposes and subject to a judicial investigation in Colombia

Introducción y Objetivo. La infiltración de materiales como silicona en los tejidos blandos es una práctica clandestina documentada en varios lugares del mundo; estos materiales buscan mejorar la apariencia estética y se han vuelto populares entre la población en general. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir las características de individuos sometidos a infiltración de materiales extraños en tejidos blandos con fines estéticos entre los que se desarrolló una investigación judicial en Bogotá, Colombia. Material y Método. Presentamos una serie de 26 pacientes sometidos a investigación judicial por la Fiscalía General de la Nación en Bogotá, Colombia, por muerte o complicaciones asociadas a estos procedimientos entre 2005 y 2015. Resultados. La mayoría de los pacientes del grupo de estudio fueron mujeres (62%). El procedimiento realizado con mayor frecuencia fue el aumento de glúteos por un esteticista en clínicas de estética o centros de belleza. Del total de pacientes, el 58% falleció por embolismo pulmonar de silicona; entre los supervivientes, la complicación más frecuente fue la aparición de cicatrices inestéticas. Conclusiones. La infiltración de materiales extraños en tejidos blandos es un procedimiento que reporta complicaciones y alta frecuencia de mortalidad; la mayoría de estos procedimientos se realizan en lugares y con materiales no autorizados, y por personal no capacitado. De ahí la importancia de generar acciones que prevengan este tipo de prácticas (AU)

Background and Objective. Infiltration of materials such as silicone in soft tissues is a documented clandestine practice in several places around the world.These substances seek to improve the aesthetic appearance of the patient, and have become popular in the general population. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of individuals that were under infiltration of foreign materials in soft tissues for aesthetic purposes in which a judicial inquiry was conducted in Bogotá, Colombia. Methods. We present a case series of 26 patients who were part of a legal investigation by the Colombian General Prosecution in Bogotá, Colombia, due to death or complications associated to these procedures between 2005 and 2015. Results. Most of the patients in our clinical serie were women (62%). The most frequently performed procedure was buttock augmentation, mainly done by a beautician in aesthetic clinics or beauty centers. Of the total of patients 58% died due to pulmonary embolism of silicone; among the survivors, the most frequent complication was anesthetic scar. Conclusions. Infiltration of foreign materials into soft tissue is a procedure that reports complications and a high frequency of mortality; most of these procedures are performed in illegal places and with unauthorized materials, and done by unqualified personnel. Thus remarks the importance of generating actions that prevent this type of practices (AU)

Guía de Práctica Clínica con evaluación económica para la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento del cáncer de piel no melanoma: carcinoma basocelular. Guía para padres / Clinical Practice Guideline with economic evaluation for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of non-melanoma skin cancer: basal cell carcinoma. Parent Guide

La guía está dirigida al personal clínico asistencial que brinda cuidados a pacientes con carcinoma basocelular, en lo relativo a prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento y seguimiento, en los diferentes grados de complejidad de los servicios de la atención en salud en el marco del SGSSS (médicos familiares, médicos generales, médicos especialistas en dermatología, oncólogos, cirujanos plásticos, patólogos, radioterapeutas, cirujanos de cabeza y cuello, profesionales de enfermería y otros profesionales de la salud relacionados con el manejo del carcinoma basocelular). Los manejos de condiciones específicas por parte del subespecialistas ameritan recomendaciones que exceden el alcance del presente documento. El texto también está dirigido a tomadores de decisiones, generadores de políticas de salud, pagadores del gasto y todo el personal relacionado, que se desempeñe en el ámbito hospitalario o de las aseguradoras en salud. Esta GPC ofrece recomendaciones específicas para las preguntas definidas, y excede el alcance de la misma, definir las competencias profesionales del equipo involucrado en el manejo de esta patología.