Association of Prevotella intermedia with oropharyngeal cancer: A patient-control study.

Objective: To investigate the frequencies and bacterial load of three species of periodontal bacteria in samples from oropharyngeal cancer patients versus healthy individuals. Study design: This is a case-control study based on biopsies collected from tumor tissues obtained from patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma between 2016 and 2017 and shed oral mucosal epithelial cells that were collected from controls using the Cepimax® brush, carrying out several brushings towards the posterior third edge of the tongue and the cheek. Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia and Prevotella intermedia detection and absolute quantification was determined through q-PCR. Statistical analysis included a U- test, X 2 , Fisher's exact test, odds ratio (OR) and Conditional logistic regression analysis and unconditional regression analysis (p < 0.05). Results: A total of 48 donors older than 55 years old participated in this study. The population was distributed into 24 patients (cases) and 24 controls. A robust association was established in cases and controls with significance regarding Prevotella intermedia (OR: 15.00) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (OR:11.00). In the comparison between the amount of each bacteria in the groups, P. intermedia showed a higher bacterial load in oropharyngeal cancer patients (p = 0.04). However, multivariate analysis adjusted to the presence of different bacteria and the diverse confounding variables did not reveal significant differences for oropharyngeal cancer association. Conclusion: P. gingivalis and P. intermedia were detected more frequently in the group of patients with cancer. The bivariate analysis of the bacterial load evidenced significant differences for Prevotella intermedia, suggesting that it could be associated with oropharyngeal cancer.

Histologic features of bone regenerated by means of negative pressure in the context of odontogenic keratocyst.

PURPOSE: The objective of the present research is to describe the histologic features of the bone regenerated by means of negative pressure (sugosteogenesis) in a group of patients diagnosed with odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) who underwent active decompression and distraction sugosteogenesis (ADDS) at our institution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors designed a retrospective case series study. The population included patients with a histologic diagnosis of odontogenic keratocyst in whom active decompression and distraction sugosteogenesis followed by enucleation was performed. All patients were seen and followed from July 2019 to January 2021. The investigation was approved by the Institutional Review Board, and it observed the Declaration of Helsinki on medical protocol. Variables of this study included age, gender, anatomic location (mandible or maxilla), and histologic characteristics of the bone regenerated by means of negative pressure. Histologic features were defined as being consistent or inconsistent with viable mature bone. RESULTS: Bone biopsies of 6 patients were considered. In total, 83.33% of patients were males and 16.66% females. One hundred percent of the bone samples subjected to negative pressure showed features of viable mature bone. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the histological features of the bone subjected to negative pressure demonstrated the normal characteristics of the mature, normal bone.

Potential role of active decompression and distraction sugosteogenesis for the management of ameloblastomas: Report of two cases and review of the literature.

Ameloblastomas are aggressive odontogenic entities well-known for their high tendency to recur. Clinical presentation includes lesions discovered on routine examination or radiographs, pathologies causing facial swelling, pain, cortical expansion, tooth mobility, root resorption, and paresthesia. Radiographic findings comprise large unilocular or multilocular radiolucencies with well-defined borders associated to an impacted tooth. Ameloblastomas are classified as unicystic, multicystic/solid, and peripheral. Treatment options include marsupialization, decompression, enucleation, or curettage with or without adjuvant measures such as Carnoy's solution, marginal resection, and segmental resection. Recently, active decompression with distraction sugosteogenesis (ADDS) was introduced for the conservative management of odontogenic cystic conditions. The purpose of this paper is to present 2 cases of a conventional ameloblastoma treated by means of ADDS. The purpose of this novel approach is to significantly reduce the amount of time required to decompress cystic-like lesions. In these cases, ADDS proved to be a viable treatment because it demonstrated a reduction in size of the initial lesion by new osseous formation within 2 weeks of placement of the device. The cases presented in this paper demonstrate that ADDS could be a valuable treatment modality for this type of ameloblastoma, although further research is necessary to validate this philosophy.

Diagnostic accuracy of clinical visualization and light-based tests in precancerous and cancerous lesions of the oral cavity and oropharynx: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: Evaluate and compare the performance of autofluorescence, chemiluminescence, and clinical visual examination in the detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD), oral cancer (OC), and oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review with meta-analysis based on diagnostic test studies. A literature search was carried out in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases through August 30, 2020. For this review, the quality assessment tool of diagnostic precision studies (QUADAS-2) was used. Hierarchical regression models were used to estimate pooled diagnostic precision values in a random effects model. RESULTS: A total of 40 studies were identified for this review according to each test evaluated: 5.562 samples for autofluorescence, 1.353 samples for chemiluminescence, and 1.892 samples for clinical examination. The summary measures sensitivity and specificity of the clinical examination were 63% and 78%, respectively, AUC = 0.78 95% CI (0.74-0.81). In the autofluorescence test, these were 86% and 72%, respectively, AUC = 0.86 95% CI (0.83-0.89); and the chemiluminescent test were 67% and 48%, respectively, AUC = 0.59 95% CI (0.54-0.63) CONCLUSIONS: Autofluorescence devices displayed superior accuracy levels in the identification of premalignant lesions and early neoplastic changes compared to clinical examination and chemiluminescent test. Overall, biopsy remains the gold standard for the definitive diagnosis of OPMD, OC, and OPC. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Light-based clinical methods such as autofluorescence and chemiluminescence techniques have been used in clinical diagnosis for the differentiation of OPMD and malignant and benign lesions; although detailed visual examination appears to be effective in identifying, previous systematic reviews have not evaluated a relevant number of studies and they did not evaluate the accuracy of the clinical examination.

Human papilloma virus genotypes in dysplasia and epithelial hyperplasia of oral cavity using the luminex xmap technology. A multicenter study

BACKGROUND: Oral cancer associated with high risk (HPV-HR) human papilloma virus (HPV) has been increasing. HPV-HR has been associated with epithelial dysplasia, however, little information exists on its frequency in epithelial hyperplasia lesions. The aim of this study is to compare HPV genotypes in dysplastic and hyperplastic lesions of oral cavity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred and fifty oral lesions: 131 dysplasia and 119 hyperplasia from two regions of Colombia were evaluated. One hundred seventy-four coming from urban area and 104 from a high risk population to oral cancer from a rural area. HPV was identified by qPCR and Twenty-four HPVs genotypes were evaluated by Luminex(R) technology. Logistic regressions were performed to establish the associations between HPV infections with oral dysplasia. RESULTS: Twenty-eight percent (70/250) of the samples were positives for any HPV and HPV-HRs were more frequently than low risk HPVs. HPV-16 was the most detected genotype (16%) followed by HPV-31, 53, 18 and 45. HPV, HPV-HRs and HPV-16 were only associated with dysplasia in urban area; OR 3.28 (CI 95% 1.49-7.17), OR 7.94 (CI 95% 2.97-21.2) and OR 5.90 (CI 95% 2.05-17). Individuals in rural area showed more HPV and HPV-HRs infection in hyperplasic lesions than urban population. The majority of HPV+ lesions had multi-type of HPV (52/70) and the urban individuals showed more genotypes than rural population. CONCLUSIONS: HPV-.HRs are frequently found in hyperplastic and dysplastic epithelial lesions. HPV-HRs and HPV-16 were associated with dysplasia in urban population. Rural high risk population and urban population differ in the frequency and variety of HPV genotypes

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Desmoplastic fibroma of the mandible: report of a misdiagnosed case.

Several odontogenic and non-odontogenic tumors and related lesions affecting the jaws share clinical presentation and imaging appearance. However, all cases have to be approached and treated on an individual basis, based on a reliable anatomic pathology diagnosis. The present paper describes a case of a desmoplastic fibroma, which was misdiagnosed as an odontogenic keratocyst, and spotlights the potential benefit and conclusive role of a second opinion in oral and maxillofacial pathology diagnosis. A brief review of the literature is also provided.

Efecto negativo de los componentes del sistema lisis-centrifugación en el crecimiento de micobacterias en los medios líquidos mgit y septi- chek afb / Negative effect of the components in the lysis- centrifugation system for mycobacterial growth in fluid media MGIT and Septi-Check AFB

Fundamento. El sistema lisis-centrifugación (Isolator system) es una técnica con excelentes resultados en la recuperación de micobacterias en muestras de sangre. Este sistema está compuesto fundamentalmente por saponina (SAP), polipropilenglicol (PPG) y polianetol sulfonato de sodio (SPS). El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el efecto de SAP, PPG y SPS sobre el crecimiento de Mycobacterium avium, M. kansasii, M. tuberculosis y M. xenopi en los medios de cultivo líquidos MGIT y Septi-Chek AFB. Métodos. Se prepararon en dos concentraciones SAP, PPG y SPS, y se añadieron en cantidad de 0,1 ml (individualmente, en parejas y en combinación los tres) en los medios líquidos MGIT y Septi-Chek AFB. Posteriormente los medios de cultivo líquidos fueron inoculados individualmente con dos concentraciones diferentes (103 y 105 unidades formadoras de colonias [UFC]/ml) de cada una de las cuatro micobacterias utilizadas en este estudio. Los medios fueron incubados a 37ºC y diariamente se vigiló el crecimiento. Resultados. SAP, PPG y SPS no anularon el crecimiento de las micobacterias, pero sí lo retardaron (mayor tiempo en la detección del crecimiento con relación al control positivo). Las concentraciones finales de SAP, PPG y SPS que retardaron el crecimiento de las micobacterias fueron variables, dependiendo de la especie e inóculo micobacteriano, e igualmente del medio líquido utilizado. Conclusiones. Las sustancias que componen el sistema lisis-centrifugación (SAP, PPG y SPS) en forma individual y combinada retardaron el crecimiento de M. avium, M. kansasii, M, tuberculosis y M. xenopi en concentraciones de 103 y 105 UFC/ml, en los medios de cultivo líquidos MGIT y Septi-Chek AFB. Estos resultados sugieren la necesidad de plantear estrategias para disminuir las concentraciones de estas tres sustancias, presentes en el sedimento de la sangre procesada por el sistema Isolator, que finalmente van a ser añadidas a los medios líquidos MGIT y Septi-Chek AFB (AU)