RESUMO
This review brings together the current knowledge regarding the risk factors and the clinical, radiologic, and histological features of both post-COVID-19 pulmonary fibrosis (PCPF) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), describing the similarities and the disparities between these two diseases, using numerous databases to identify relevant articles published in English through October 2022. This review would help clinicians, pathologists, and researchers make an accurate diagnosis, which can help identify the group of patients selected for anti-fibrotic therapies and future therapeutic perspectives.
RESUMO
The molecular basis of the evaluation of children suspected of having disorders of surfactant proteins is still under discussion. In this study, we aimed to describe the morphological characteristics and to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of surfactant proteins (surfactant protein A [SPA], surfactant protein B, and pro-surfactant protein C) in the preterm twins that deceased due to unexplained respiratory distress syndrome (n = 12). Results showed statistically significant positive correlations between surfactant protein B expressions and pulmonary hemorrhage (ρ = 0.678; P < .05), SPA levels, and Apgar score (ρ = 0.605; P < .05) and also expressions of SPA and bronchopneumonia (ρ = 0.695; P < .05). The fetuses and neonates of the same gestational age showed differences among surfactant proteins regarding the immunostaining expression. Our data evidence a marked interindividual variability in the expression of all 3 surfactant proteins among the cases analyzed (n = 12), suggesting the intervention of some individual and epigenetic factors during gestation that might influence surfactant protein production and consequently survival rate.
