Inflammatory markers in the saliva of cerebral palsy individuals with gingivitis after periodontal treatment.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal treatment on the salivary cytokine levels and clinical parameters of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) with gingivitis. A non-randomized, clinical trial was conducted in individuals diagnosed with spastic CP. Thirty-eight individuals were enrolled in the study and were categorized according to gingival index scores between 0-1 or 2-3, assigned to groups G2 or G1, respectively. Periodontal treatment comprised oral hygiene instructions, conventional mechanical treatment and 0.12% chlorhexidine applied as an adjunct. Clinical parameters and saliva samples were collected at baseline and at the 15-day follow-up visit. Bleeding on probing and periodontal screening and recording were determined. Non-stimulated saliva samples were obtained, and the salivary flow rate, the osmolality and the levels of cytokines IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-12p70 were evaluated by a cytometric bead array. The Wilcoxon test, the Mann-Whitney test, Spearman correlation analysis, Poisson regression analysis and an adjusted analysis were performed (α = 0.05). The groups differed significantly in periodontal clinical parameters at baseline and at follow-up. Salivary flow rate and osmolality were similar in both groups at both timepoints. However, TNF-α and IL-1ß levels were higher in G1 than in G2 at baseline. Mechanical treatment resulted in improved clinical parameters for both groups. Furthermore, mechanical treatment resulted in a significant reduction in salivary IL-1ß and IL-8 levels for both groups after treatment. Periodontal treatment performed in individuals with CP and gingivitis reduces the levels of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6 and IL-8.

Surgical removal of large mucocele in a young patient: case report / Remoção cirúrgica de mucocele volumosa em paciente jovem: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Mucocele is a term applied to the clinical manifestation of phenomena that may affect the minor salivary glands. There are different forms of treatment reported in the literature, including total enucleation. The objective of this study is to describe a surgical technique for removal of Mucocele in a teenage patient. A 16-years-old, female, attended the sector of Pediatric Dentistry of Camilo Castelo Branco University - campus São Paulo / SP. The patient's main complaint was "a bubble in the mouth that punchs and fills again, feeling salty taste." At the clinical examination, a circumscribed, mucosa-like, floating-palpation lesion was observed, with a 1.7 cm diameter in the lower lip, with characteristics similar to Mucocele. In the planning of the case, we opted for the surgical removal treatment with anatomopathological analysis. The prognosis for the surgical removal of the lesion was very favorable due to some established criteria: age of the patient, location, depth and size of the lesion.

RESUMO Mucocele é um termo aplicado à manifestação clínica de fenomênos que podem afetar as glândulas salivares menores. Existem diferentes formas de tratamento relatadas na literatura, entre elas, a enucleação total. O objetivo do trabalho é descrever uma técnica cirúrgica para remoção de Mucocele em uma paciente adolescente. Paciente de 16 anos, gênero feminino, compareceu a clinica de especialização de Odontopediatria da Universidade Camilo Castelo Branco - campus São Paulo / SP. A queixa principal da paciente era "bolha na boca que fura e enche de novo, sentindo gosto salgado". Ao exame clínico, foi constatada uma lesão circunscrita, de coloração semelhante a mucosa, flutuante a palpação, com 1,7 cm de diâmetro no lábio inferior, com características semelhantes à Mucocele. No planejamento do caso, optou-se pelo tratamento de remoção cirúrgica com análise anatomopatológica. O prognóstico para a remoção cirúrgica da lesão foi bastante favorável devido a alguns critérios estabelecidos: idade do paciente, localização, profundidade e tamanho da lesão.

Inflammatory markers in the saliva of cerebral palsy individuals with gingivitis after periodontal treatment

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal treatment on the salivary cytokine levels and clinical parameters of individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) with gingivitis. A non-randomized, clinical trial was conducted in individuals diagnosed with spastic CP. Thirty-eight individuals were enrolled in the study and were categorized according to gingival index scores between 0-1 or 2-3, assigned to groups G2 or G1, respectively. Periodontal treatment comprised oral hygiene instructions, conventional mechanical treatment and 0.12% chlorhexidine applied as an adjunct. Clinical parameters and saliva samples were collected at baseline and at the 15-day follow-up visit. Bleeding on probing and periodontal screening and recording were determined. Non-stimulated saliva samples were obtained, and the salivary flow rate, the osmolality and the levels of cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TNF-α and IL-12p70 were evaluated by a cytometric bead array. The Wilcoxon test, the Mann-Whitney test, Spearman correlation analysis, Poisson regression analysis and an adjusted analysis were performed (α = 0.05). The groups differed significantly in periodontal clinical parameters at baseline and at follow-up. Salivary flow rate and osmolality were similar in both groups at both timepoints. However, TNF-α and IL-1β levels were higher in G1 than in G2 at baseline. Mechanical treatment resulted in improved clinical parameters for both groups. Furthermore, mechanical treatment resulted in a significant reduction in salivary IL-1β and IL-8 levels for both groups after treatment. Periodontal treatment performed in individuals with CP and gingivitis reduces the levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8.

Avaliação de três protocolos de aquisição de tomografia computadorizada por feixe cônico utilizados para confecção de modelos de prototipagem rápida / Evaluation of three acquisition protocols cone beam computed tomography used for making models for rapid prototyping

O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar três protocolos de aquisição da Tomografia Computadorizada por Feixe Cônico utilizados para confecção de modelos de prototipagem rápida, avaliando se a presença do tecido mole e os protocolos de aquisição de imagem com diferentes tamanhos de voxel influenciam na acurácia da imagem que reproduziu a estrutura anatômica. Para o experimento, utilizou-se uma mandíbula suína no seu estado fresco e seco possibilitando assim uma comparação direta das imagens obtidas. O escaneamento foi realizado pelo tomógrafo i-CATTM (Imaging Sciences International, EUA) usando-se os protocolos FOV de 20 cm, na aquisição de 40s (voxel de 0,4 mm), FOV de 13 cm, na aquisição de 20s (voxel de 0,3 mm) e FOV de 13 cm, na aquisição de 40s (voxel de 0,25 mm). Para a aquisição do padrão ouro utilizou-se a mandíbula seca recoberta por sulfato de bário com o protocolo de FOV de 13 cm, na aquisição de 40s (voxel de 0,25 mm). De acordo com a metodologia aplicada observou-se que existem diferenças significativas entre os protocolos usados mandíbula seca e fresca com diferentes tamanhos de voxels com relação ao padrão ouro (p<0.05). Pode-se concluir que mandíbula seca voxel 0.25 apresenta o melhor resultado quando comparado aos demais métodos, tendo em vista que foi estatisticamente significante (p<0.05)

The objective of this study was to compare three acquisition protocols of Cone Beam Computed Tomography used for making models for rapid prototyping, evaluating the presence of soft tissue and image acquisition protocols with different voxel sizes influence the accuracy of the image reproduced the anatomical structure. For the experiment, we used a porcine jaw in its fresh and dried thus allowing a direct comparison of images obtained. The scan was carried out by i-CATTM tomography (Imaging Sciences International, USA) using protocols FOV of 20 cm, acquisition of 40s (voxel of 0.4 mm), FOV of 13 cm, acquisition of 20s (voxel 0.3 mm) and 13 cm FOV, acquisition of 40s (0.25 mm voxel). For the acquisition of the gold standard we used the jaws covered with dry barium sulfate protocol with the FOV of 13 cm, acquisition of 40s (0.25 mm voxel). According to the methodology it was observed that there are significant differences between the protocols used fresh and dry mandible with different sizes of voxels with respect to the gold standard (p <0.05). It can be concluded that dry mandible 0.25 voxel exhibited the best performance when compared to other methods, with a view that was statistically significant (p <0.05)