Occurrence of Euscepes postfasciatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in Ipomoea batatas in Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil

Sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam (Convolvulaceae), is an essential crop for food security in developing countries. Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is one of the main pests of I. batatas in tropical and subtropical regions. It feeds on the tuberous roots of I. batatas and induces perforations tunnel-shaped with excrement. The objective of this study was to register, for the first time, the occurrence of E. postfasciatus in I. batatas in the municipality of Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Individuals of E. postfasciatus were found in the larval, pupal and adult stages feeding on the roots, in the genotypes, Brasilândia Branca, Rubisol, UFVJM01, UFVJM02, UFVJM03, UFVJM04, UFVJM08, UFVJM18, UFVJM91, UFVJM291 and UFVJM526 in a greenhouse at the Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM). Euscepes postfasciatus injuries formed superficial and deep galleries with the presence of excrement and unpleasant odor. The record of E. postfasciatus in I. batatas in the municipality of Diamantina is important to develop local strategies for integrated pest management of the crop in the region.(AU)

Metagenomic analysis reveals mechanisms of atrazine biodegradation promoted by tree species.

Metagenomics has provided the discovery of genes and metabolic pathways involved in the degradation of xenobiotics. Some microorganisms can metabolize these compounds, potentiating phytoremediation in association with plant. This study aimed to study the metagenome and the occurrence of atrazine degradation genes in rhizospheric soils of the phytoremediation species Inga striata and Caesalphinea ferrea. The genera of microorganisms predominant in the rhizospheric soils of I. striata and C. ferrea were Mycobacterium, Conexibacter, Bradyrhizobium, Solirubrobacter, Rhodoplanes, Streptomyces, Geothrix, Gaiella, Nitrospira, and Haliangium. The atzD, atzE, and atzF genes were detected in the rhizospheric soils of I. striata and atzE and atzF in the rhizospheric soils of C. ferrea. The rhizodegradation by both tree species accelerates the degradation of atrazine residues, eliminating toxic effects on plants highly sensitive to this herbicide. This is the first report for the species Agrobacterium rhizogenes and Candidatus Muproteobacteria bacterium and Micromonospora genera as atrazine degraders.

Phytoremediation by Eremanthus crotonoides and Inga striata decay atrazine and clomazone residues in the soil.

The atrazine and clomazone molecules have potential to contaminate environments, especially water resources. Phytoremediation decontamination can prevent or reduce the quantity of these products reaching watercourses. The objective was to evaluate the remedial potential and the physiological sensitivity of Eremanthus crotonoides (DC.) Sch. Bip and Inga striata Benth to atrazine and clomazone in soils contaminated with 0.0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 times the recommended commercial dose of these herbicides. The photosynthesis, CO2 consumed stomatal conductance and transpiration of E. crotonoides and I. striata, in soils contaminated with atrazine and clomazone, were evaluated. The herbicide residues were detected by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) 30 days after the last herbicide application. The photosynthesis rate and CO2 consumed by E. crotonoides and I. striata were lower in soils contaminated by atrazine and clomazone. Inga striata had lower stomatal conductance and transpiration in soil contaminated with clomazone. Eremanyhus crotonoides and I. striata reduced the residues of these herbicides. The atrazine and clomazone reduced the physiological variables of E. crotonoides and I. striata. These plants can be used to recover areas with residues of these herbicides, acting as filters that will decrease the amount of herbicides that would reach the watercourses.

A atividade de limpeza e o controle de infecção: uma revisão integrativa / The cleaning activity and infection control: an integrative review

As infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde (IRAS) são cada vez mais significativas pela sua alta prevalência e podem levar os pacientes a consequências fatais. OBJETIVO: Demonstrar através das leituras e análises dos artigos, a importância que a limpeza hospitalar tem sobre o controle e prevenção das IRAS. MÉTODO: Revisão integrativa de literatura. RESULTADOS: Foram selecionados 30 artigos da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, e 5 artigos do Periódico CAPES. DISCUSSÃO: O aparecimento de IRAS no ambiente hospitalar pode estar relacionado, também, à descontaminação de superfícies e artigos hospitalares de maneira incorreta. Nesta perspectiva, alguns estudos apontam que a atividade de limpeza hospitalar de forma correta pode colaborar na prevenção das IRAS. CONCLUSÃO: E de suma importância que o tema limpeza hospitalar para controle de infecção seja amplamente debatido dentro do âmbito acadêmico, pois pouco se sabe sobre este tema que é muito debatido em países de primeiro mundo...

The health care associated infections (HAls) are increasingly significant for its high prevalence and can lead patients to fatal consequences. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate through the reading and analysis of articles, the importance of hospital cleaning has on the control and prevention of HAls. METHODS: Integrative review of literature. RESULTS: We selected 30 articles of the Virtual Health Library, and 5 Articles of CAPES Journal. DISCUSSION: The appearance of HAls in hospitais may be related also to the decontamination of surfaces and hospital items incorrectly. In this perspective, some studies indicate that hospital cleaning activity properly can help in the prevention of HAls. CONCLUSION: It is very important that hospital cleaning theme for infection control is widely debated within the academic realm, because little is known about this topic that is hotly debated in first world countries...

Las infecciones de la atención de salud asociados (HAI) son cada vez má importante por su alta prevalencia y puede lIevar a los pacientes a consecuencias fatales. OBJETIVO Demonstrar a través de la lectura y análisis de artículos, la importancia de la limpieza dei hospital tiene en el control y prevención de infecciones hospitalarias. MÉTODOS: revisión integrativa de la literatura. Resultados Se seleccionaron 30 artículos de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud, y 5 artículos de la CAPES Diario. DISCUSIÓN La aparición de infecciones hospitalarias en los hospitales puede estar relacionado también para la descontaminación de superficies y artículos hospitalarios incorrectamente. En esta perspectiva, algunos estudios indican que la actividad de limpieza del hospital adecuadamente puede ayudar en la prevención de infecciones hospitalarias. CONCLUSIÓN: Es muy importante que el tema de la limpieza del hospital para el control de la infección es ampliamente debatido en el ámbito académico, porque se sabe poco acerca de este tema que es objeto de acalorados debates en los países del primer mundo...

Desempenho de smmentes de crambe expostas à tratamentos pré-germinativos / Performance of Seeds Crambe Exposed to Pre-germination Treatments / Comportamiento de semillas de Crambe sometidas a tratamientos pre-germinativoss

Com o estímulo à produção e uso de biodiesel, sementes de crambe constituem hoje uma das melhores opçõ es para o fornecimento de matéria-prima, sendo também excelente alternativa para cultivo de outono-inverno visando rotação de culturas. O objeto deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito da combinação de tratamentos de pré-germinação sobre o comportamento de sementes de crambe. A partir de um lote de sementes da cultivar FMS Brilhante, foi proposto o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 5. O delineamento foi baseado na combinação de duas condiçõ es estruturais: sementes com e sem pericarpo, e ambas submetidas a tratamentos pré-germinativos com e sem ácido giberélico, sendo: testemunha (sem tratamento); sementes pré-embebidas em água destilada sem adição de giberelina por 24 horas como controle; e sementes préembebidas em solução de ácido giberélico a 4 %, em diferentes concentraçõ es (400; 500 e 600 mg.L-1). Determinou-se o teor de água, primeira contagem de germinação, porcentagem de germinação, emergência de plântulas e índice de velocidade de emergência. Diante dos resultados conclui-se que a retirada do pericarpo em sementes de crambe, cultivar FMS Brilhante, acelera a velocidade de germinação, porém, diminui a sua porcentagem final. A pré-embebição em ácido giberélico (400, 500 e 600 mg.L-1) por 24 horas proporcionou incrementos na germinação e no vigor das sementes de crambe com pericarpo.

Encouraging the production and use of biodiesel, seeds of crambe today constitute one of the best options for the supply of raw material, is also an excellent alternative for autumn-winter crop rotation order. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of combined pre-germination treatments on the seed behavior of crambe. From a seed sample of FMS Brilhante cultivar, an experimental design completely randomized with a 2 x 5 factorial arrangement was performed. It was formed from combination of two structural conditions, seeds with or without pericarp, and treatments with or without giberelic acid, being: control (no treatment); seeds pre-soaked in distilled water for 24 hours as control; and seeds pre-soaked in gibberellic acid at 4 % at different concentrations (400, 500 and 600 mg.L-1). Water content, first count germination, germination, seedling emergence and emergence rate index were determined. From these results it is concluded that removal of the pericarp in seed of crambe, cultivar FMS Brilhante, accelerated the germination rate, however, decreased your final percentage. The pre-soaking in gibberellic acid (400, 500 and 600 mg L-1) for 24 hours, increased the germination and seed vigor crambe with pericarp.

Como un estímulo a la producción y uso del biodiesel, las semillas de crambe constituyen hoy una de las mejores opciones para el suministro de materia prima, también son una excelente alternativa en la rotación de cultivos de otoã±oinvierno. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficiencia de la combinación de tratamientos pre-germinativos sobre el comportamiento de semillas de crambe. A partir de una muestra de semillas del cultivar FMS Brilhante, se propuso un diseã±o experimental completamente aleatorizado, con un esquema factorial 2 x 5. El diseã±o se basó en la combinación de dos condiciones estructurales: semillas con y sin pericarpio, y ambos sometidos a tratamentos pre-germinativos con y sin ácido giberélico, siendo: control (sin tratamiento); semillas pre-embebidas en agua destilada sin giberelina por 24 horas como control; y semillas pre-embebidas en solución de ácido giberélico a 4 %, en diferentes concentraciones (400; 500 e 600 mg.L-1). Se determinó el contenido de agua, primer contaje de germinación y porcentaje de germinación, emergencia de plántulas e índice de velocidad de emergencia. A partir de estos resultados se concluye que la remoción del pericarpio en semillas de crambe, cultivar FMS Brilhante, aceleró la velocidad de germinación, pero, disminuyó su porcentaje final. La pre-imbibición en ácido giberélico (400, 500 e 600 mg.L-1) por 24 horas proporcionó incrementos en la germinación y en el vigor de las semillas de crambe con pericarpio.

Analysis of the abilities of endophytic bacteria associated with banana tree roots to promote plant growth.

A total of 40 endophytic bacterial isolates obtained from banana tree roots were characterized for their biotechnological potential for promoting banana tree growth. All isolates had at least one positive feature. Twenty isolates were likely diazotrophs and formed pellicles in nitrogen-free culture medium, and 67% of these isolates belonged to the genus Bacillus sp. The isolates EB-04, EB-169, EB-64, and EB-144 had N fixation abilities as measured by the Kjeldahl method and by an acetylene reduction activity assay. Among the 40 isolates, 37.5% were capable of solubilizing inorganic phosphate and the isolates EB-47 and EB-64 showed the highest solubilization capacity. The isolate EB-53 (Lysinibacillus sp.) had a high solubilization index, whereas 73% of the isolates had low solubilization indices. The synthesis of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) in the presence of L-tryptophan was detected in 40% of the isolates. The isolate EB-40 (Bacillus sp.) produced the highest amount of IAA (47.88 µg/ml) in medium supplemented with L-tryptophan and was able to synthesize IAA in the absence of L-tryptophan. The isolates EB-126 (Bacillus subtilis) and EB-47 (Bacillus sp.) were able to simultaneously fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphate and produce IAA in vitro. The results of this study demonstrated that the isolates analyzed here had diverse abilities and all have the potential to be used as growth-promoting microbial inoculants for banana trees.

Diversidade genética de isolados de Mycosphaerella musicola obtidos de bananais do norte de Minas Gerais, Brasil por meio de marcadores RAPD / Genetic diversity of Mycosphaerella musicola isolates obtained from bananas of north of Minas Gerais, Brazil by using RAPD markers

Onze primers RAPD foram utilizados para avaliar a variabilidade genética de 31 isolados de M. musicola coletados a partir de folhas de bananeiras 'Prata Anã' e 'Nanica', cultivadas no Norte de Minas Gerais. Foram amplificados um total de 83 bandas sendo 73 polimórficas, dando uma média de 6,6 bandas polimórficas por primer. As distâncias genéticas observadas variaram de 0,56 a 0,06 entre os isolados, com distância média de 0,25. O dendrograma construído com base no método UPGMA revelou a formação de 8 grupos, não sendo observada correlação entre a diversidade genética dos isolados e as origens geográficas dos isolados avaliados.

Eleven primers RAPD were used to estimate the genetic variability between 31 isolates of M. musicola collected from 'PrataAnã' and Nanica bananas that were cultivated in northern Minas Gerais, Brazil. A total o 83 fragments were amplified, of which 73 were polymorphic, corresponding to an average of 6.6 polymorphic fragments per primer. The genetic distances ranged from 0.06 to 0.56 and the average distance of 0.21. A dendrogram constructed based on the UPGMA clustering method revealed 8 and no correlation between molecular grouping and geographical origin was observed.

O sujeito-criança e suas surpresas / The subject-child and their surprises

No presente artigo, desenvolvemos a ideia de que, mesmo quando a criança, com um diagnóstico oncológico, é vista como frágil e dependente, é possível a criação de um espaço onde se possa dar lugar ao dizer através do brincar. Acreditamos que, no enfrentamento da dor física, do sofrimento psíquico e da morte como possibilidade, viabiliza-se, através da especificidade de encontros contingentes, a promoção de uma escuta diferenciada e um espaço lúdico de criação para que o sujeito-criança encontre suas saídas. Da rede tecida entre Psicanálise, Educação Física e Medicina, através da via lúdica, foram explicitadas algumas formas pelas quais a criança pode ver facilitada a elaboração de seu diagnóstico e tratamento. Por privilegiarmos a singularidade de cada sujeito envolvido nesse processo, oriundo de uma intervenção feita em ambiente hospitalar, apresentamos aqui as invenções imaginárias e simbólicas de alguns sujeitos-crianças que nos surpreenderam a cada encontro, demonstrando como o brincar, na rede enlaçada pelas três disciplinas acima referidas, serviu como instrumento facilitador no enfrentamento da dor psíquica.(AU)

In this article we develop the idea that even when the child, with a cancer diagnosis, is seen as fragile and dependent, is possible to create a space where they can give way to say through the play. We believe that in dealing with physical pain, psychological distress and the possibility of death as is possible, through the specificity of contingent encounters, promoting a differentiated listening and a creative play for the subject-child find their outputs. from the network between Psychoanalysis, Physical Education and Medicine, thought the play, were explained some ways in which the child can see facilitated the development of cancer diagnosis and treatment. By favouring the uniqueness of each individual involved in this process, coming from a speech made in the hospital, we demonstrate the inventions of some imaginary and symbolic subject-children surprised us at every meeting, demonstrating how to play, network entangled by the three disciplines above, served as facilitator in dealing with psychic pain, when the diagnosis is cancer.(AU)