Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 39(3): 10-13, 2019. tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-191612

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To examine the efficiency of anthropometric indicators of abdominal obesity in order to identify physio-metabolic disorders in Spanish adults. METHOD: We analyzed 3,122 women and 2,103 men at-tending diet consultation and registered their height, weightand umbilical perimeter. Body mass index (BMI), body round-ness (BRI), body shape (ABSI) and waist to height ratio (WHtR) were estimated. Blood pressure and serum levels ofglucose, cholesterol and triglycerides were taken. ROC curveswere applied to compare the utility of anthropometric indicesin the diagnosis of physio-metabolic disorders. RESULTS: The BRI and the WHtR showed the largest areasunder the curve (AUC) for the identification of hypertension, hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia in both sexes andfor hypertriglyceridemia in men. The ABSI presented AUCs below the BMI for the diagnosis of all components. CONCLUSIONS: Due to its diagnostic efficiency and ease ofcalculation, the waist to height ratio is the most recommended parameter in the prediction of physio-metabolic alterations


No disponible


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Obesidade Abdominal/complicações , Obesidade Abdominal/diagnóstico , Doenças Metabólicas/diagnóstico , Doenças Metabólicas/etiologia , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Índice de Massa Corporal , Curva ROC
2.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 38(4): 143-147, 2018. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-180163

RESUMO

Introducción: Los tarahumaras son un pueblo nativo de la Sierra Madre Occidental, en el estado de Chihuahua y uno de los más pobres de México. La Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos indígenas, mantiene un programa de alimentación en los Albergues Escolares destinado a paliar la desnutrición infantil. Objetivo: analizar la adecuación de la dieta que los escolares siguen en el albergue y compararla con la tienen en sus hogares. Métodos: la muestra es de 50 escolares de ambos sexos (edad 9.78 ± 1.25 años) asistentes a la "Escuela Albergue Indígena Ignacio León Ruíz" de Agua Zarca. Se aplicó un recordatorio de 24 horas, en la escuela y en los hogares. Se analizó el consumo energético, de macro y micronutrientes tomando como referencia las recomendaciones para la población mexicana. Resultados: el consumo energético y de todos los nutrientes fue superior en la comida de la escuela (p < 0.001), pero la proporción de sujetos con consumo deficitario fue para niacina (40%), ácido fólico (40%-55%) calcio (23,3%- 35%), hierro (35%), magnesio (55%) y zinc (80%). En los hogares, hasta 50% de los niños y 83,3% de las niñas no alcanzaron cobertura para ácido ascórbico, tiamina y riboflavina; entre 70%-95% reportaron baja ingesta en sodio, magnesio y potasio. Más del 50% presentó déficit para todos los micronutrientes y ningún escolar alcanzó cobertura para calcio y zinc. Conclusiones: Los albergues proporcionan una alimentación cualiatativa y cuantitativamente mejor que la del hogar, pero no alcanza a cubrir las necesidades de los escolares


Introduction: The Tarahumaras are a native people of the Sierra Madre Occidental, in the state of Chihuahua and one of the poorest in Mexico. The National Commission for the Development of Indigenous Peoples maintains a food programme in school shelters to alleviate child malnutrition. Objective: to analyse the adequacy of the diet that schoolchildren follow in the shelter and to compare it with what they have at home. Methods: the sample is 50 schoolchildren of both sexes (age 9.78 ± 1.25 years) attending the "Ignacio León Ruíz Indigenous Shelter School" in Agua Zarca. A 24-hour reminder was applied at school and at home. The consumption of energy, macro and micronutrients was analyzed taking as a reference the recommendations for the Mexican population. Results: energy and all-nutrient intake was higher at school meal (p < 0.001), but the proportion of subjects with deficient intake was for niacin (40%), folic acid (40%-55%), calcium (23.3%-35%), iron (35%), magnesium (55%) and zinc (80%). In households, up to 50% of boys and 83.3% of girls did not reach coverage for ascorbic acid, thiamin and riboflavin; between 70%-95% reported low sodium, magnesium and potassium intake. More than 50% were deficient in all micronutrients and no schoolchildren achieved coverage for calcium and zinc. Conclusions: The shelters provide a qualitatively and quantitatively better diet than the home, but this is not enough to cover the needs of the schoolchildren


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Alimentação Escolar/classificação , Comportamento Alimentar/classificação , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/epidemiologia , Necessidades Nutricionais , Alimentação Coletiva , 50227 , Áreas de Pobreza , Avaliação Nutricional , Inquéritos Nutricionais/estatística & dados numéricos , Estado Nutricional , Planejamento de Cardápio , México/epidemiologia
3.
Nutr Hosp ; 34(1): 88-95, 2017 02 01.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28244777

RESUMO

Background: Obesity is a coronary risk factor associated to myocardial infarction although waist to-hip-ratio has shown higher predictive power. Objective: The aim of this study was a Receiver Operating Characteristic anthropometric analysis in infarcted males to identify the strength of association for simple measurements, obesity and indicators such as, waist to-hip-ratios, waist to-height-ratios and conicity index. Methods:Case-control study of myocardial infarction in European males. One hundred and twelve cases and 112 controls aged 30-74 years were enrolled. We measured weight, height, waist circumference, umbilical waist circumference and hip circumference. We calculated various anthropometric indicators. We obtained the areas under the ROC curves, the odds ratio and correlations for measurements and anthropometric indicators. Results: Body mass index [AUC: 0.686, 95% CI (0.616-0.755); OR: 3.3], waist circumference [AUC: 0.734, 95% CI (0.668-0.800); OR: 5.7], height [AUC: 0.623, 95% CI (0.550-0.696); OR: 2.3], hip circumference [AUC: 0.555, 95% CI (0.479-0.631); OR: 1], waist to-hip-ratio [AUC: 0.796, 95% CI (0.737-0.855); OR: 9.9], umbilical waist to-hip-ratio [AUC: 0.830, 95% CI (0.729-0.847); OR: 5.5], umbilical waist to-height-ratio [AUC: 0.788, 95% CI (0.729-0.847); OR: 7.5], conicity index [AUC: 0.795; 95% CI (0.738-0.853); OR: 9]. The correlations for waist to-height-ratios and conicity index were strong (all r ≥ 0.85; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Waist and height are measurements of associated independent risk. Hip circumference does no show discriminatory power. Obesity and waist-ratios are associated to myocardial infarction with different strength. Between other indicators, general obesity is more weakly associated. Waist to-hip-ratios present the best ROC curves but it occur information bias of their predictive power of risk. Umbilical waist to-height-ratio and conicity index present high discriminatory power and the best anthropometric risk correlations that support its use for the identification of obesity as risk factor associated to myocardial infarction and in all strategies for coronary health promotion.


Introducción: la obesidad es un factor de riesgo asociado al infarto de miocardio aunque el índice cintura-cadera ha mostrado mayor poder predictivo. Objetivo: análisis antropométrico Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) en infartados para identificar la fuerza discriminatoria de mediciones, obesidad, ratios cintura-cadera, ratios cintura-talla e índice de conicidad. Métodos: estudio caso-control de infarto miocárdico en varones europeos. Ciento doce casos/112 controles de 30-74 años fueron reclutados. Se midieron: peso, talla, cintura, cintura umbilical y cadera. Se obtuvieron las áreas bajo la curva (ABC), las odds ratio y correlaciones de medidas e indicadores. Resultados: IMC [ABC: 0,686 (0,616-0,755); OR: 3,3], cintura [ABC: 0,734 (0,668-0,800); OR: 5,7], talla [ABC: 0,623 (0,550-0,696); OR: 2,3], cadera [ABC: 0,555 (0,479-0,631); OR: 1], cintura-cadera [ABC: 0,796 (0,737-0,855); OR: 9,9]; cintura umbilical-cadera [ABC:0,830 (0,775-0,885); OR: 5,5], cintura umbilical-talla [ABC: 0,788 (0,729-0,847); OR: 7,5]; conicidad [ABC: 0,795 (0,738-0,853); OR:9]. Cintura-talla y conicidad presentaron altas correlaciones de riesgo (todas r ≥ 0,85; p < 0,001). Conclusiones: cintura y talla son medidas con riesgo independiente asociado. La circunferencia de cadera no es discriminatoria. Obesidad e índices de cintura están asociados al infarto con diferente fuerza. La obesidad presenta una asociación débil. Los índices cintura-cadera presentan las mejores curvas ROC, pero sesgadas en su poder predictivo de riesgo. Cintura umbilical-talla y conicidad presentan alto poder discriminatorio y mejores correlaciones antropométricas de riesgo, por lo que se recomienda su uso en la identificación de la obesidad como factor asociado al infarto de miocardio y en todas las estrategias de promoción de la salud coronaria.


Assuntos
Infarto do Miocárdio/epidemiologia , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Europa (Continente)/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infarto do Miocárdio/etiologia , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade Abdominal/complicações , Medição de Risco , Relação Cintura-Quadril
4.
Nutr. hosp ; 34(1): 88-95, ene.-feb. 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-161146

RESUMO

Introducción: la obesidad es un factor de riesgo asociado al infarto de miocardio aunque el índice cintura-cadera ha mostrado mayor poder predictivo. Objetivo: análisis antropométrico Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) en infartados para identificar la fuerza discriminatoria de mediciones, obesidad, ratios cintura-cadera, ratios cintura-talla e índice de conicidad. Métodos: estudio caso-control de infarto miocárdico en varones europeos. Ciento doce casos/112 controles de 30-74 años fueron reclutados. Se midieron: peso, talla, cintura, cintura umbilical y cadera. Se obtuvieron las áreas bajo la curva (ABC), las odds ratio y correlaciones de medidas e indicadores. Resultados: IMC [ABC: 0,686 (0,616-0,755); OR: 3,3], cintura [ABC: 0,734 (0,668-0,800); OR: 5,7], talla [ABC: 0,623 (0,550-0,696); OR: 2,3], cadera [ABC: 0,555 (0,479-0,631); OR: 1], cintura-cadera [ABC: 0,796 (0,737-0,855); OR: 9,9]; cintura umbilical-cadera [ABC:0,830 (0,775-0,885); OR: 5,5], cintura umbilical-talla [ABC: 0,788 (0,729-0,847); OR: 7,5]; conicidad [ABC: 0,795 (0,738-0,853); OR:9]. Cintura-talla y conicidad presentaron altas correlaciones de riesgo (todas r ≥ 0,85; p < 0,001). Conclusiones: cintura y talla son medidas con riesgo independiente asociado. La circunferencia de cadera no es discriminatoria. Obesidad e índices de cintura están asociados al infarto con diferente fuerza. La obesidad presenta una asociación débil. Los índices cintura-cadera presentan las mejores curvas ROC, pero sesgadas en su poder predictivo de riesgo. Cintura umbilical-talla y conicidad presentan alto poder discriminatorio y mejores correlaciones antropométricas de riesgo, por lo que se recomienda su uso en la identificación de la obesidad como factor asociado al infarto de miocardio y en todas las estrategias de promoción de la salud coronaria (AU)


Background: Obesity is a coronary risk factor associated to myocardial infarction although waist to-hip-ratio has shown higher predictive power. Objective: The aim of this study was a Receiver Operating Characteristic anthropometric analysis in infarcted males to identify the strength of association for simple measurements, obesity and indicators such as, waist to-hip-ratios, waist to-height-ratios and conicity index. Methods: Case-control study of myocardial infarction in European males. One hundred and twelve cases and 112 controls aged 30-74 years were enrolled. We measured weight, height, waist circumference, umbilical waist circumference and hip circumference. We calculated various anthropometric indicators. We obtained the areas under the ROC curves, the odds ratio and correlations for measurements and anthropometric indicators. Results: Body mass index [AUC: 0.686, 95% CI (0.616-0.755); OR: 3.3], waist circumference [AUC: 0.734, 95% CI (0.668-0.800); OR: 5.7], height [AUC: 0.623, 95% CI (0.550-0.696); OR: 2.3], hip circumference [AUC: 0.555, 95% CI (0.479-0.631); OR: 1], waist to-hip-ratio [AUC: 0.796, 95% CI (0.737-0.855); OR: 9.9], umbilical waist to-hip-ratio [AUC: 0.830, 95% CI (0.729-0.847); OR: 5.5], umbilical waist to-height-ratio [AUC: 0.788, 95% CI (0.729-0.847); OR: 7.5], conicity index [AUC: 0.795; 95% CI (0.738-0.853); OR: 9]. The correlations for waist to-height-ratios and conicity index were strong (all r ≥ 0.85; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Waist and height are measurements of associated independent risk. Hip circumference does no show discriminatory power. Obesity and waist-ratios are associated to myocardial infarction with different strength. Between other indicators, general obesity is more weakly associated. Waist to-hip-ratios present the best ROC curves but it occur information bias of their predictive power of risk. Umbilical waist to-height-ratio and conicity index present high discriminatory power and the best anthropometric risk correlations that support its use for the identification of obesity as risk factor associated to myocardial infarction and in all strategies for coronary health promotion (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Obesidade/complicações , Infarto do Miocárdio/epidemiologia , Obesidade Abdominal/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Relação Cintura-Quadril/estatística & dados numéricos , Antropometria/métodos , Curva ROC , Valor Preditivo dos Testes
5.
Nutr. clín. diet. hosp ; 37(4): 127-134, 2017. graf, tab
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-171057

RESUMO

Introduction: Previous evidences reported sex differences in nutritional status between boys and girls of the same community, living under identical conditions of food deprivation. The aim of the present study is to analyze the sexual differences in the prevalence of severe malnutrition in children under 5 years of age, who were subjected to food crisis. Methods: Data from humanitarian aid interventions carried out by Action Against Hunger between 2002 and 2010 in 24 countries were analyzed. These surveys were carried out in populations in Africa, Latin America and Asia that were in a serious food crisis. The sample consists of a total of 367,258 children (186,156 boys and 181,102 girls) aged (A) 6 to 59 months. Weight (W) and height (H) were measured according to SMART methodology. Prevalence of severe underweight (W/A <-3SD), wasting (W/H <-3SD) and stunting (H/A <-3SD) were calculated based on WHO Standards. Results: On the whole sample, the proportion of boys with severe underweigh was 9.8% compared to 7.3% for girls (p< 0.001). Severe wasting affected 3.9% of boys versus 2.5% of girls (p< 0.001). Differences were also notable in chronic malnutrition: 19.5% of boys and 15% of girls (p < 0.001) suffered stunting. Conclusion: The results support the idea of so-called female eco-stability, according to which females would be less sensitive to external factors that modulate ontogenetic development, while males would be most negatively affected by environmental aggressions (AU)


Introducción: Evidencias previas han reportado diferencias en la condición nutricional de niños y niñas pertenecientes a la misma comunidad y sometidos a idénticas condiciones de privación alimentaria. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar las diferencias sexuales en prevalencia de malnutrición severa en menores de 5 años, sometidos a situación de crisis alimentaria. Métodos: Se analizaron datos recogidos en intervenciones de ayuda humanitaria llevadas a cabo por Acción Contra el Hambre entre 2002 y 2010 en 24 países. Dichas intervenciones se efectuaron en poblaciones de Africa, Latinoamérica y Asia que se encontraban en situación de grave crisis alimentaria. La muestra se compone de un total de 367.258 menores (186,156 niños y 181,102 niñas) con edad (E) entre 6 y 59 meses. Se midió el peso (P) y la talla (T) siguiendo la metodología SMART y se estimó la prevalencia de severo bajo peso (P/E <-3DE), desnutrición aguda severa (P/T <-3DE) y desnutrición crónica severa (T/E <-3DE) de acuerdo a los estándares de la OMS. Resultados: Para el total de la muestra, la proporción de niños con severo bajo peso fue de 9,8% en comparación al 7,3% de niñas (p < 0.001). La desnutrición aguda severa afectó al 3,9% de los niños frente al 2,5% de las niñas (p< 0.001). Las diferencias también fueron notables en la desnutrición crónica: el 19, 5% de los niños frente al 15% de las niñas (p< 0,001) presentaron crecimiento retardado. Conclusiones: Los resultados avalan la idea de la denominada eco-estabilidad femenina, de acuerdo a la cual, las mujeres serian menos sensibles a los factores externos que modulan el desarrollo ontogénico, mientras los varones se verían más negativamente afectados por las agresiones medioambientales (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Transtornos da Nutrição Infantil/epidemiologia , Socorro em Desastres/organização & administração , Redução de Peso/fisiologia , África/epidemiologia , Ásia/epidemiologia , América Latina/epidemiologia
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...