Conocimiento de las tendencias de ataques rivales en el bloqueo de voleibol / Knowledge of Opposition Attacking Tendencies on Volleyball Blocking

El objetivo del estudio fue investigar los efectos de proporcionar información probabilística, obtenida del análisis en vídeo de las tendencias de pase de las colocadoras oponentes, sobre el rendimiento en el bloqueo de una jugadora de alto nivel de voleibol. Se analizó su tiempo de reacción, toma de decisión y calidad de ejecución durante 1117 acciones de bloqueo realizadas en 18 partidos de competición, antes y después de recibir esa información contextual de los ataques rivales. Los resultados revelaron que la bloqueadora reaccionó antes (p < .001) en aquellos partidos que recibió información sobre las tendencias de pase de las colocadoras oponentes. En cambio, esta información contextual no tuvo influencia sobre sus decisiones, ni en la calidad de ejecución de sus movimientos. Estos resultados refuerzan el uso de información probabilística como una estrategia competitiva para iniciar antes una respuesta preparatoria a la acción de bloqueo en voleibol de alto nivel. (AU)

The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of providing probabilistic information, obtained from video-performance analytics on passing direction tendencies in opposing volleyball setters, on blocking performance in a high skilled female volleyballer. Data on reaction times, decision-making and quality of movement execution of the skilled blocker were analyzed during 1117 blocking actions in 18 competitive matches, before and after receiving information from the passing tendencies of opposition setters. Results revealed that the blocker reacted significantly earlier in those matches when she received information about opposition pass direction tendencies. No effects of contextual information were found for the blocker´s decisions and quality of movement execution. These results reinforced the use of probabilistic information as a competitive strategy for initiating an early preparatory response to the blocking action in high-skill levels of volleyball. (AU)

The Reference Site Collaborative Network of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing.

Seventy four Reference Sites of the European Innovation Partnership on Active and Healthy Ageing (EIP on AHA) have been recognised by the European Commission in 2016 for their commitment to excellence in investing and scaling up innovative solutions for active and healthy ageing. The Reference Site Collaborative Network (RSCN) brings together the EIP on AHA Reference Sites awarded by the European Commission, and Candidate Reference Sites into a single forum. The overarching goals are to promote cooperation, share and transfer good practice and solutions in the development and scaling up of health and care strategies, policies and service delivery models, while at the same time supporting the action groups in their work. The RSCN aspires to be recognized by the EU Commission as the principal forum and authority representing all EIP on AHA Reference Sites. The RSCN will contribute to achieve the goals of the EIP on AHA by improving health and care outcomes for citizens across Europe, and the development of sustainable economic growth and the creation of jobs.

Plant carnivory beyond bogs: reliance on prey feeding in Drosophyllum lusitanicum (Drosophyllaceae) in dry Mediterranean heathland habitats.

Background and Aims: In a cost-benefit framework, plant carnivory is hypothesized to be an adaptation to nutrient-poor soils in sunny, wetland habitats. However, apparent exceptions to this cost-benefit model exist, although they have been rarely studied. One of these exceptions is the carnivorous subshrub Drosophyllum lusitanicum , which thrives in Mediterranean heathlands on dry sandstone soils and has relatively well-developed, xeromorphic roots. Here, the roles of leaf (carnivory) and root (soil) nutrient uptake in growth promotion of this particular species were assessed. Methods: In a greenhouse experiment, plants were fed with laboratory-reared fruit flies ( Drosophila virilis ) and received two concentrations of soil nutrients in a factorial design. Above-ground plant growth and final above- and below-ground dry biomass after 13 weeks were recorded. Nutrient uptake via roots was also evaluated, using stable nitrogen isotope analysis. Key Results: Insect feeding resulted in significantly higher growth and above- and below-ground biomass compared with soil fertilization. No additional benefits of fertilization were discernable when plants were insect-fed, indicating that roots were not efficient in nutrient absorption. Conclusions: The first evidence of strong reliance on insect prey feeding in a dry-soil carnivorous plant with well-developed roots is provided, suggesting that carnivory per se does not preclude persistence in dry habitats. Instead, the combination of carnivory and xeromorphic root features allows Drosophyllum to thrive on non-waterlogged soils. New evidence is added to recent research emphasizing the role of root systems of carnivorous plants in explaining their distribution, partly challenging the cost-benefit hypothesis.

Factors triggering medical consultation for symptoms of colorectal cancer and perceptions surrounding diagnosis.

This study aims to find out how the presenting symptoms of colorectal cancer are interpreted by those who get them, to identify the main triggering factors that lead someone with colorectal cancer symptoms to consult a doctor, and to describe how those affected perceive the process of being diagnosed with colorectal cancer. It is a qualitative study performed within the theoretical framework of symbolic interactionism and from a gender perspective. Grounded theory has been used for the analysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted. Twelve individuals with colorectal cancer - seven men and five women - were interviewed. At first, both the men and women attributed their symptoms to trivial causes. Changes in symptoms or the persistence of symptoms trigger medical consultation. Close relatives, especially the closest female family members, can trigger medical consultation, particularly among men. The women said nothing to their families until they had already gone to the doctor. Knowledge about colorectal cancer could be a factor triggering medical consultation. The time between consulting the family doctor and seeing a specialist feels drawn out. Gender-related differences have been observed in respect to help-seeking in colorectal cancer. Health education programmes focusing on knowledge about cancer are needed.

El proceso asistencial de cáncer: necesidades y expectativas de los usuarios / The caring process in cancer: needs and propects of the recipients

La identificación del cáncer como uno de los problemas sanitarios más relevantes, su creciente incidenciay carácter como enfermedad crónica apuntan hacia la necesidad de una evaluación de su procesoasistencial y el desarrollo de estrategias de mejora bajo la inclusión de la perspectiva de los usuarios.El análisis de la calidad percibida por pacientes oncológicos en diferentes fases del proceso asistenciala través de una metodología cualitativa (entrevistas semiestructuradas) permite identificar fortalezasy debilidades y ayudar al diseño de estrategias de mejora del proceso asistencial de cáncer.Como momento de mayor dificultad dentro del proceso asistencial oncológico se nombra la fase dedetección y diagnóstico. La falta de atención psicológica, condiciones tangibles adecuadas y continuidadasistencial posthospitalaria constituyen otros puntos de mejora

Cancer is currently one of the most relevant health problems because its high frequency, risingincidence and chronic nature. It is necessary to evaluate how care is applied to cancer patients in orderto develop strategies aimed at incorporating the patients' prospects to the care provision measures.The use of semi-structured interviews as a qualitative method facilitates the analysis about howoncological patients perceive the administered care, and permits to recognize the strong and weakpoints of it.The screening and diagnostic stages were identified as the most difficult moments of theoncological care process. Other aspects to be improved were found in relation to the absence ofpsychological support, appropriate everyday material conditions, and adequate continuity of posthospitalcare

[Dietary behavior disorders: opinions and expectancies on prevention and treatment strategies from the perspective of the several social actors]. / Trastornos de la conducta alimentaria: opiniones y expectativas sobre estrategias de prevención y tratamiento desde la perspectiva de diferentes actores sociales.

AIMS: The prevalence increase of Eating Disorders in the last decades emphasizes the necessity to develop strategies from the public healthcare system which include the perspective of the principal implicated social actors. The present study aims to know their opinions and expectations regarding the prevention and treatment of Eating Disorders. METHODS: Realization of 5 focus groups (with relatives, adolescents, professionals from the health and educational sector, representatives from institutions and support groups) and 14 semi-structured interviews (with Eating Disorder patients and relatives) about strengths and weaknesses of actual prevention and treatment programs, expectations of change and suggestions for improvement. Analysis of contents and triangulation of results. RESULTS: The absence of resources and knowledge about Eating Disorders, the scarcity of transversal programs and insufficient coordination were named as the main weaknesses whereas interdisciplinary pilot programs were positively valued. As principal demands, major endowment of human and material resources, increased coverage of specialized services, promotion of specific training and improvement of coordination was asked for. Regarding prevention, preference toward an unspecific approach to the subject in order to hinder imitation between young people was highlighted. The care in Day Hospitals was considered one of the most appropriate treatment modalities for the characteristics of this disease being valued the potentially therapeutic effect of contact between Eating Disorder patients. The support network, the education field and the family were named as other important pillars in a multidisciplinary approach to the disease. There was also a demand for the development of combined programs. CONCLUSIONS: The discussion of different psychotherapeutic approaches, the role of support groups in the caring network as well as the post-hospital follow-up were identified as issues open to future research.

Trastornos de la Conducta Alimentaria: Opiniones y expectativas sobre estrategias de prevención y tratamiento desde la perspectiva de diferentes actores sociales / Dietary behavior disorders: opinions and expectancies on prevention and treatment strategies from the perspective of the several social actors

OBJETIVOS: El aumento de prevalencia de los TCA en los últimas décadas apunta hacia la necesidad de desarrollar estrategias de abordaje desde el sistema sanitario público que incluyan la perspectiva de los principales actores sociales implicados. El presente estudio se realiza con el objetivo de conocer sus opiniones y expectativas sobre prevención y tratamiento de los TCA. MÉTODOS: Realización de 5 grupos focales (con familiares, jóvenes, profesionales del ámbito sanitario y educativo,representantes de instituciones y asociaciones) y 14 entrevistas semiestructuradas (con pacientes de TCA y familiares) sobre fortalezas y debilidades de programas actuales de prevención y tratamiento, expectativas de cambio y propuestas de mejora. Análisis de contenido y triangulación de resultados. RESULTADOS: La falta de recursos y conocimientos sobre los TCA, la escasez de programas transversales y la insuficiente coordinación se nombran como principales debilidades evaluándose de forma positiva los programas pilotos interdisciplinarios. Como demandas prioritarias se pide una mayor dotación de recursos humanos y materiales, un aumento de cobertura de servicios especializados, el fomento de formación específica y la mejora de coordinación. Respecto a la prevención se resalta la preferibilidad de un abordaje inespecífico de la temática para impedir comportamientos de imitación entre la población joven. La atención en Hospitales de Día se considera como una de las modalidades de tratamiento más adecuadas a las características de la enfermedad valorándose el efecto potencialmente terapéutico de un contacto entre afectados. El movimiento asociativo, el ámbito de la educación y la familia se nombran como otros pilares importantes en un abordaje multidisciplinar de la enfermedad demandándose el desarrollo de programas conjuntos. CONCLUSIONES: La discusión de diferentes enfoques psicoterapéuticos, el papel de las asociaciones en el circuito asistencial, así como el seguimiento posthospitalario se identifican como cuestiones abiertas a futuras investigaciones (AU)

AIMS: The prevalence increase of Eating Disorders in the last decades emphasizes the necessity to develop strategies from the public healthcare system which include the perspective of the principal implicated social actors. The present study aims to know their opinions and expectations regarding the prevention and treatment of Eating Disorders. METHODS: Realization of 5 focus groups (with relatives, adolescents, professionals from the health and educational sector, representatives from institutions and support groups) and 14 semi-structured interviews (with Eating Disorder patients and relatives) about strengths and weaknesses of actual prevention and treatment programs, expectations of change and suggestions for improvement. Analysis of contents and triangulation of results. RESULTS: The absence of resources and knowledge about Eating Disorders, the scarcity of transversal programs and insufficient coordination were named as the main weaknesses whereas interdisciplinary pilot programs were positively valued. As principal demands, major endowment of human and material resources, increased coverage of specialized services, promotion of specific training and improvement of coordination was asked for. Regarding prevention, preference toward an unspecific approach to the subject in order to hinder imitation between young people was highlighted. The care in Day Hospitals was considered one of the most appropriate treatment modalities for the characteristics of this disease being valued the potentially therapeutic effect of contact between Eating Disorder patients. The support network, the education field and the family were named as other important pillars in a multidisciplinary approach to the disease. There was also a demand for the development of combined programs. CONLCUSIONS: The discussion of different psychotherapeutic approaches, the role of support groups in the caring network as well as the post-hospital follow-up were identified as issues open to future research (AU)

Otomastoiditis tuberculosa en un paciente de origen magrebí / Tuberculous otomastoiditis in a magrebian patient

No disponible

Colorectal adenoma characteristics as predictors of recurrence.

PURPOSE: The identification of groups with a high risk of colorectal adenoma recurrence remains a controversial issue for clinicians. This study was designed to assess the predictive value of initial patient and adenoma characteristics of the three-year recurrence. METHODS: The study population was composed of 552 patients with resected colorectal adenomas who completed the European Fiber-Calcium Intervention trial. At both baseline and three-year examinations, the characteristics of adenomas were recorded according to a standardized protocol. The main outcomes measured were the three-year overall recurrence, recurrence of multiple adenomas, recurrence of advanced adenomas (size > or = 1 cm or tubulovillous/villous architecture or moderate/severe dysplasia), and proximal and distal recurrence. RESULTS: A three-year recurrence was observed in 122 patients (22.1 percent), and more than one-half of them had recurrent adenomas on the proximal colon. After adjustment for patient characteristics and treatment allocation, the number of adenomas and their proximal location at baseline were the main predictors of recurrence. In comparison with patients who had one or two adenomas on the distal colon, patients with three or more adenomas with at least one of them located on the proximal colon had a much higher risk of overall recurrence (5.3; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.7-10.3), proximal recurrence (8.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 4.1-18), and advanced adenoma recurrence (5.5; 95 percent confidence interval, 2.4-12.6). CONCLUSIONS: Follow-up colonoscopies in patients with adenomas should include careful examination of the proximal colon. The time interval between follow-up examinations could probably be extended beyond three years in patients who have only one or two distal adenomas.

[Secretory otitis media of unconventional course]. / Otitis serosa, una evolución inusual.

Case report of a secretory otitia of sluggish unfolding that put forward serious diagnostic difficulties resulting, at last, to be an otic tuberculousis. Review and discussion on bibliography on otic tuberculousis, its presentation forms, diagnosis difficulties, complications and management.

[Diaphragmatic hernia after transhiatal esophagectomy]. / Hernia diafragmática tras esofagectomía transhiatal.

Iatrogenic herniation of abdominal contents after transhiatal esophagectomy for the treatment of esophageal cancer is a rare complication. Its appearance in the early postoperative period is usually accompanied by acute respiratory insufficiency; herniation may develop without symptoms and the patient may have to be readmitted with signs of perforation or strangulation of the intestinal loops in the chest cavity. We report the case of a patient in this situation who developed a clinical picture of acute respiratory insufficiency and who required several exploratory procedures (fiberoptic bronchoscopy and echography) before a firm diagnosis could be made. Early diagnosis and emergency treatment reduces complications and increases survival. A lower incidence of iatrogenic herniation of abdominal contents depends on correct closure of the diaphragm. We review correct surgical treatment to decrease the frequency of this complication.

Hernia diafragmática tras esofagectomía transhiatal / Diaphragmatic herniation following transhiatal esophagectomy

La herniación iatrogénica de contenido abdominal tras la realización de esofagectomía transhiatal para el tratamiento del cáncer de esófago es una complicación poco frecuente. Su aparición en el período postoperatorio temprano suele cursar con síntomas de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda. A veces evoluciona de forma asintomática y el paciente puede reingresar con cuadro de perforación o estrangulación de las asas intestinales en la cavidad torácica. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con este tipo de intervención y cuadro de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, que precisó de varias broncofibroscopias y ecografías antes de su diagnóstico definitivo. El diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento urgente disminuyen la morbimortalidad. El cierre correcto de la herida diafragmática es fundamental para disminuir la incidencia de dicha enfermedad. Recogemos el tratamiento quirúrgico correcto para disminuir la frecuencia de aparición de dicha complicación (AU)

[Leiomyosarcoma of the larynx]. / Leiomiosarcoma de localización laríngea.

A patient with leiomyosarcoma of the larynx met diagnostic criteria for radiation-induced malignancy. In a review of the literature, only 27 leiomyosarcomas of the larynx were found, none radiation-induced. The histological features and diagnosis and treatment are analyzed.

Leiomiosarcoma de localización laríngea / Leiomysarcoma of the larynx

Se presenta el caso de un paciente afecto de un leiomiosarcoma de localización laríngea que cumple los criterios diagnósticos de los tumores radioinducidos. Tras una revisión bibliográfica se constata su rareza, 27 leiomiosarcomas laríngeos descritos hasta la fecha y ninguno radioinducido, así mismo se revisan tanto sus características anatomopatológicas como su diagnóstico y tratamiento (AU)

A patient with leiomyosarcoma of the larynx met diagnostic criteria for radiation-induced malignancy. In a review of the literature, only 27 leiomyosarcomas of the larynx were found, none radiation-induced. The histological features and diagnosis and treatment are analyzed (AU)

[Knowledge, beliefs and attitudes of the female population towards cancer in Mallorca]. / Conocimientos, creencias y actitudes de la población femenina de Mallorca respecto al cáncer.

BACKGROUND: To analyze the knowledge of the facts on the part of the female population of Mallorca with regard to the causes of cancer, the beliefs regarding diagnosis and treatment and their attitude toward prevention. METHODS: A descriptive cross-section study of a random population sample (n = 124) of women within the 40-69 age range. The questionnaire includes socio-demographic variables, risk factors, early warning symptoms and beliefs regarding diagnosis and treatment and attitudes toward prevention. RESULTS: Cigarette smoking (92.7%; CI:88.1-97.3) and drinking alcoholic (85.7%; CI:79.4-92.0) are the most well-identified causes. Also the presence of a lump in the breast (92.6%; CI:87.9-97.2) and changes in a mole or wart on the skin (89.7%; CI:84.2-95.2%). The underestimate the role of the diet (44.4%; CI:35.1-53.8) and overestimate the environmental factors. The knowledge and use of self-examination procedures on the breast are associated directly with the degree of education (p < 0.05). Most believe that early diagnosis improves the prognosis (IC:94.2-99.5) and that treatment is beneficial (85.2%; CI:78.5-91.9). They consider surgery to be the most highly effective method, and in the event of any doubt they would first see their primary care physician (41.9%; CI:33.2-50.6). It is mainly older women having a low level of completed schooling who get their information regarding cancer above all from the television (43.5%; CI:34.8-52.3). Worthy of special mention is the very small impact of health care personal as a source of information (6.5%; CI:2.1-10.8). CONCLUSIONS: A major knowledge of the facts exists regarding the causes and warning signs, although some misconceptions do exist. In view of future prevention campaigns, educational measures addressed mainly to older women having a low level of completed schooling should be carried out.

[Paraneoplastic syndrome as a manifestation of cancer of the hypopharynx]. / El síndrome paraneoplásico como manifestación de un cáncer de hipofaringe.

A 45-year-old male patient had a squamous-cell carcinoma of the laryngopharynx (T1pN2bM0). The first clinical manifestation was polyarthritis of large and small joints and a skin rash. The symptoms were identified as paraneoplastic syndrome associated with squamous-cell carcinoma of the laryngopharynx. After treatment (surgery + radiotherapy), the articular symptoms, initially treated with conventional therapy for rheumatoid arthritis, disappeared. Paraneoplastic syndrome can be defined as a set of physiological signs and symptoms of malignant origin that occur remote from the tumor. Squamous-cell carcinoma is the most frequent malignant tumor of the head and neck that produces paraneoplastic syndrome. We reviewed the most common features associated with malignant tumors and the pathogenic mechanisms involved. We conclude that paraneoplastic disorders can be markers of treatment response and predictors of recurrence.

[Otorhinolaryngological manifestations of varicella-zoster virus]. / Manifestaciones otorrinolaringológicas del virus varicela-zoster.

Otological complications of varicella-zoster syndrome (Ramsay Hunt syndrome) include facial paralysis, tinnitus, hearing loss, vertigo, dysgeusia, and skin rash. The lower cranial nerves sometimes are affected by this neuritis. A case is reported of a woman without immune-system impairment who had cranial multineuritis with unilateral involvement of the VII, VIII, IX and X cranial nerves after infection with varicella-zoster virus without herpetic lesions.