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Intraosseous hemangiomas, also referred to as bony hemangiomas, arising within the nasal cavity are exceedingly rare with only 2 cases arising in the ethmoid region. Despite their rarity, they are important to consider in a patient presenting with long-standing nasal congestion. While characteristic findings on computed tomography imaging may be observed, biopsy is diagnostic. En bloc resection using a transnasal endoscopic approach with or without preoperative embolization is the treatment of choice for intranasal intraosseous hemangiomas.
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Seio Etmoidal , Hemangioma , Humanos , Seio Etmoidal/diagnóstico por imagem , Seio Etmoidal/patologia , Cavidade Nasal/patologia , Hemangioma/diagnóstico por imagem , Hemangioma/cirurgia , Hemangioma/patologia , CrânioRESUMO
Parathyroid adenomas are responsible for 80% to 85% of cases of primary hyperparathyroidism. Giant parathyroid adenomas are a rare type of parathyroid adenoma defined as weighing >3.5 grams. Although giant parathyroid adenomas are rare entities whose clinical presentation may not be atypical, their surgical management can be challenging, especially in the setting of anatomical variants. We present here a case of a 29-year-old female with a 37-gram giant adenoma which was diagnosed after presentation with recurrent severe headaches. The presentation was also unique in that it was associated with a right aberrant subclavian artery and nonrecurrent laryngeal nerve.
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Anormalidades Cardiovasculares , Neoplasias das Paratireoides , Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/complicações , Neoplasias das Paratireoides/cirurgia , Nervos Laríngeos , Anormalidades Cardiovasculares/complicações , Artéria Subclávia/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
Introducción: Desde el año 2020, se ha reportado un incremento de los casos de depresión en adolescentes y adultos. Principalmente en estudiantes y trabajadores del área de salud. Objetivos: Determinar la prevalencia de síntomas depresivos en los estudiantes de Medicina en la Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio observacional, descriptivo de corte transversal tanto en hombres como mujeres, que estaban matriculados como estudiantes de Medicina y que aceptaron participar en la investigación de forma anónima. Se utilizó el PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire). El PHQ-9 es una medida de autoinforme de nueve ítems que evalúa la presencia de síntomas depresivos basados en los criterios del DSM-IV para el episodio depresivo mayor. Resultados: Del total de los encuestados (68), 22 (32,35%) no manifestaron síntomas de depresión, 18 (26,47%) manifestaron síntomas de depresión leve, 21 (30,88%) manifestaron síntomas de depresión moderada y 7 (10,29%) presentaron síntomas de depresión grave. Conclusión: Gracias a este trabajo pudimos observar que los síntomas depresivos en los estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián (UAAS) fueron detectados de forma muy significativa.
Introduction: Since 2020, an increase in cases of depression in adolescents and adults has been reported. Mainly in students and health care workers. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of depressive symptoms in medical students at the Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián. Methodology: An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out in both men and women who were enrolled as medical students and who agreed to participate in the research anonymously. The PHQ-9 (Patient Health Questionnaire) was used. The PHQ-9 is a nine-item self-report measure that assesses the presence of depressive symptoms based on the DSM-IV criteria for major depressive episode. Results: Of the total number of respondents (68), 22 (32.35%) showed no symptoms of depression, 18 (26.47%) showed symptoms of mild depression, 21 (30.88%) showed symptoms of moderate depression and 7 (10.29%) showed symptoms of major depression. Conclusion: Thanks to this work we were able to observe that depressive symptoms in medical students of the Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián (UAAS) were detected in a very significant way.
Assuntos
HumanosRESUMO
Introducción: El cáncer de mama ocupa la posición predominante entre los diversos tipos de cáncer y representa la principal causa de muerte relacionada con el cáncer entre las mujeres a nivel mundial. En las estadísticas de 2020, casi el 25% de los nuevos diagnósticos de cáncer de mama se produjeron en las Américas. (1) Objetivo: Este estudio pretende medir el conocimiento, actitudes y prácticas de la población femenina en el año 2023 sobre los efectos, riesgos y métodos preventivos del Cáncer de Mama con el fin de promover la concientización pública. Metodología: Se aplicó un diseño observacional de corte transversal descriptivo. Se incluyó a personas que aceptaran participar de la encuesta. El muestreo fue por conveniencia. Los conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas fueron evaluados según una versión modificada del Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (Breast CAM) versión 2. Resultados: De las 56 mujeres encuestadas, 25 (44,6%) presentaron una baja concientización a respeto del cáncer de mama. La encuesta demostró que 29% de las mujeres encuestadas no fueron al ginecólogo ninguna vez en el último año. Además de 46% revisar sus mamas rara vez o nunca. La media de la edad fue de 29±9,7 años. Además, 34% de las mujeres encuestadas nunca hicieron ni el autoexamen de mama ni una mamografía. Discusión: La baja tasa de autoexploración mamaria y mamografía, junto con la falta de visitas regulares al ginecólogo indica una necesidad urgente de aumentar la concienciación y la educación sobre la importancia de la detección precoz del cáncer de mama. También la falta de orientación adecuada por parte de los profesionales de la salud también es motivo de preocupación y pone de manifiesto la necesidad de mejorar la formación médica en relación con la comunicación eficaz con las pacientes sobre prácticas preventivas.
Introduction: Breast cancer occupies the predominant position among the various types of cancer and represents the leading cause of cancer-related death among women worldwide. In 2020 statistics, almost 25% of new breast cancer diagnoses occurred in the Americas. (1) Objective: This study aims to measure the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the female population in the year 2023 about the effects, risks and preventive methods of breast cancer in order to promote public awareness. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional observational design was applied. People who agreed to participate in the survey were included. Sampling was by convenience. Knowledge, attitudes and practices were evaluated according to a modified version of the Breast Cancer Awareness Measure (Breast CAM) version 2. Results: Of the 56 women surveyed, 25 (44.6%) had a low awareness of breast cancer. The survey showed that 29% of the women surveyed did not visit a gynecologist at any time in the last year. In addition, 46% checked their breasts rarely or never. The mean age was 29±9.7 years. In addition, 34% of the women surveyed never did either breast self-examination or mammography. Discussion: The low rate of breast self-examination and mammography, together with the lack of regular visits to the gynecologist, indicates an urgent need for increased awareness and education on the importance of early detection of breast cancer. Also, the lack of adequate counseling by health professionals is also a cause for concern and highlights the need for improved medical training regarding effective communication with patients on preventive practices.
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HumanosRESUMO
Introduction: Medical students are subjected to various stress factors throughout their career, one of them being poor sleep quality. Objective: to analyze the characteristics and quality of sleep of medical students at the Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional observational design was applied. Medical students of both sexes who agreed to participate in the survey were included. Sampling was by convenience. Sleep quality was assessed according to the previously validated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: Of the 61 medical students selected, 50 (81.8%) had poor sleep quality, and the prevalence among male and female students was 18 (81.8%) and 32 (82%), respectively. The mean sleep duration among students was 5.7±1.6 hours. Discussion: The results show a worrying prevalence of poor sleep quality, with a high 81.8% of affected students, with no significant differences between genders. This underlines the need to address the underlying causes and preventive measures, considering its impact on physical and mental health and academic performance.
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HumanosRESUMO
Introducción: Los estudiantes de enfermería están sometidos a diversos factores de estrés a lo largo de su carrera, uno de ellos es la baja calidad del sueño. Objetivo: Analizar las características y la calidad del sueño de los estudiantes de Enfermería de la Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián. Metodología: Se aplicó un diseño observacional de corte transversal descriptivo. Se incluyó a estudiantes de enfermería, de ambos sexos, que aceptaron participar en la encuesta. El muestreo fue por conveniencia. La calidad del sueño fue evaluada según el Índice de Calidad del Sueño de Pittsburgh (PSQI), previamente validado. Resultados: De los 25 estudiantes de enfermería seleccionados, 24 (96%) tenían una mala calidad del sueño. La prevalencia de la mala calidad de sexo fue de 100% en el sexo masculino y 95% en el sexo femenino. La duración media del sueño entre los estudiantes fue de 5,3±1,1 horas. Discusión: Los resultados muestran una preocupante prevalencia de mala calidad del sueño, con un alto porcentaje de estudiantes afectados. Esto subraya la necesidad de abordar las causas subyacentes y medidas preventivas, considerando su impacto en la salud física, mental y en el rendimiento académico.
Introduction: Nursing students are subjected to various stress factors throughout their career, one of them is poor sleep quality. Objective: To analyze the characteristics and quality of sleep of nursing students at the Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional observational design was applied. Nursing students of both sexes who agreed to participate in the survey were included. Sampling was by convenience. Sleep quality was assessed according to the previously validated Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: Of the 25 nursing students selected, 24 (96%) had poor sleep quality. The prevalence of poor sex quality was 100% in the male sex and 95% in the female sex. Mean sleep duration among the students was 5.3±1.1 hours. Discussion: The results show a worrying prevalence of poor sleep quality, with a high percentage of affected students. This underscores the need to address the underlying causes and preventive measures, considering its impact on physical and mental health and academic performance.
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HumanosRESUMO
Introducción: El daltonismo es un trastorno visual que afecta a la capacidad de distinguir determinados colores. Es una enfermedad hereditaria, ligada al cromosoma X, y se produce cuando hay una ausencia o anomalía en los conos de la retina, las células sensibles a la luz que perciben los colores. Los daltónicos tienen dificultades para diferenciar ciertos colores, especialmente el rojo y el verde, debido a esta anomalía en los conos. Aunque el daltonismo no tiene cura, la mayoría de los daltónicos pueden llevar una vida normal aprendiendo a convivir con sus limitaciones visuales. También existen tecnologías y gafas especiales que pueden ayudar a las personas daltónicas a percibir mejor los colores. Esta enfermedad es más común en hombres que en mujeres, debido a la forma en que se transmiten los genes relacionados con el daltonismo. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo cuantificar la prevalencia de daltonismo en la población del Paraguay en el año 2023. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal entre 110 personas que residen en Paraguay, entre 18 y 55 años, en septiembre de 2023. Fueron utilizadas 8 de las placas de Ishihara para evaluar la visión de los colores de los participantes bajo condiciones de luz natural en diferentes localidades del Paraguay. Resultados: Entre las 110 personas encuestadas, siendo 56 del sexo masculino y 54 del sexo femenino. Solamente 2 hombres, lo que representa el 1,8% de la población total, fueron clasificados como daltónicos porque no tuvieron la capacidad de identificar 3 o más números en las 8 placas de Ishihara. Discusión: La prevalencia de daltonismo en el mundo varían de 4 a 8% en la población general, así que la diferencia entre la prevalencia de daltonismo en el mundo y en Paraguay es significativa.
Introduction: Color blindness is a visual disorder that affects the ability to distinguish certain colors. It is a hereditary disease, linked to the X chromosome, and occurs when there is an absence or abnormality in the retinal cones, the light-sensitive cells that perceive colors. Color blind people have difficulty differentiating certain colors, especially red and green, due to this abnormality in the cones. Although there is no cure for color blindness, most color-blind people can lead a normal life by learning to live with their visual limitations. There are also special technologies and glasses that can help colorblind people perceive colors better. This disease is more common in men than in women, due to the way in which the genes related to color blindness are transmitted. Objective: This study aims to quantify the prevalence of color blindness in the population of Paraguay in the year 2023. Methodology: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out among 110 persons residing in Paraguay, aged 18 to 55 years, in September 2023. Eight Ishihara plates were used to evaluate the color vision of the participants under natural light conditions in different localities of Paraguay. Results: Among the 110 people surveyed, 56 were male and 54 were female. Only 2 males, representing 1.8% of the total population, were classified as color blind because they did not have the ability to identify 3 or more numbers on the 8 Ishihara plates. Discussion: The prevalence of color blindness in the world varies from 4 to 8% in the general population, so the difference between the prevalence of color blindness in the world and in Paraguay is significant.
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HumanosRESUMO
Introducción: La conducta suicida es un problema de salud pública mundial, y una población en la que se presentan altos índices de prevalencia es la de estudiantes de Medicina, especialmente en el componente de ideación. Objetivo: Determinar la prevalencia de ideación suicida en los estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián. Metodología: Se aplicó un estudio descriptivo, observacional, retrospectivo, realizado en estudiantes de medicina de la Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián-Sede San Lorenzo, en septiembre del 2023. Fueron incluidos 51 estudiantes matriculados que aceptaron participar del estudio. Como instrumento de medición se utilizó la Escala de Ideación Suicida de Beck (ISB). Resultados: De los 51 estudiantes encuestados 86,27% de la población tiene deseo de vivir de moderado a fuerte, 13,73% tiene deseo débil de vivir. El 82,35% no tienen un deseo de morir, el 1,96% tiene un deseo de morir que es de moderado a fuerte y el 15,69% tienen un deseo débil de morir. Conclusión La ideación suicida es un fenómeno de frecuente ocurrencia en estudiantes de medicina. Es necesario que las facultades de medicina establezcan programas de detección e intervención temprana que permitan disminuir la probabilidad de ocurrencia de desenlaces negativos
Introduction: Suicidal behavior is a global public health problem, and a population in which there are high prevalence rates is that of medical students, especially in the ideation component. Objective: To determine the prevalence of suicidal ideation in medical students at the Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián. Methodology: A descriptive, observational, retrospective study was carried out in medical students of the Universidad Autónoma San Sebastián-Sede San Lorenzo, in September 2023. A total of 51 enrolled students who agreed to participate in the study were included. The Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale (BSI) was used as a measurement instrument. Results: Of the 51 students surveyed, 86.27% of the population has a moderate to strong desire to live, 13.73% have a weak desire to live. 82.35% have no desire to die, 1.96% have a moderate to strong desire to die, and 15.69% have a weak desire to die. Conclusion. Suicidal ideation is a phenomenon that frequently occurs in medical students. It is necessary for medical schools to establish early detection and intervention programs to reduce the likelihood of negative outcomes
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Lipid metabolism and inflammation contribute to CVD development. This study investigated whether the consumption of cranberries (CR; Vaccinium macrocarpon) can alter HDL metabolism and prevent inflammation in mice expressing human apo A-I transgene (hApoAITg), which have similar HDL profiles to those of humans. Male hApoAITg mice were fed a modified American Institute of Nutrition-93M high-fat/high-cholesterol diet (16 % fat, 0·25 % cholesterol, w/w; n 15) or the high-fat/high-cholesterol diet containing CR (5 % dried CR powder, w/w, n 16) for 8 weeks. There were no significant differences in body weight between the groups. Serum total cholesterol, non-HDL-cholesterol and TAG concentrations were significantly lower in the control than CR group with no significant differences in serum HDL-cholesterol and apoA-I. Mice fed CR showed significantly lower serum lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity than the control. Liver weight and steatosis were not significantly different between the groups, but hepatic expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism was significantly lower in the CR group. In the epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), the CR group showed higher weights with decreased expression of genes for lipogenesis and fatty acid oxidation. The mRNA abundance of F4/80, a macrophage marker and the numbers of crown-like structures were less in the CR group. In the soleus muscle, the CR group also demonstrated higher expression of genes for fatty acid ß-oxidation and mitochondrial biogenesis than those of the control. In conclusion, although CR consumption elicited minor effects on HDL metabolism, it prevented obesity-induced inflammation in eWAT with concomitant alterations in soleus muscle energy metabolism.
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Frutas , Hipercolesterolemia , Hiperlipidemias , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Vaccinium macrocarpon , Animais , Apolipoproteína A-I/genética , Colesterol na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Humanos , Hipercolesterolemia/metabolismo , Hiperlipidemias/metabolismo , Inflamação/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Camundongos Transgênicos , Extratos Vegetais/metabolismoRESUMO
La inclusión curricular de la historia de la medicina se hace cada vez más importante, y dentro de la misma el estudio de la simbología en medicina es un tema muy interesante y a veces polémico. Los símbolos asociados a la medicina usualmente presentan serpientes asociadas a los mismos, siendo los más reconocidos el bastón de Asclepio/Esculapio y el caduceo de Hermes/Mercurio. Las serpientes se encuentran asociadas a consideraciones positivas y negativas en las diferentes culturas del mundo. En el Antiguo Egipto eran símbolos de sabiduría y poder. En la Biblia tenían un rol dual y una participación en al menos un evento relacionado a curaciones masivas. La mitología griega nos provee de elementos que conectan a serpientes enrolladas en torno a una rama o vara directamente con la medicina. El tratamiento de la dracunculiasis nos otorga otra vía de conexión entre esta imagen y la medicina. El bastón de Asclepio/Esculapio se reconoce como símbolo de la medicina y las ciencias de la salud en general, mientras que el caduceo se asocia a otras profesiones no médicas.
The curricular inclusion of the history of medicine is becoming more and more important, and within it the study of symbology in medicine is a very interesting and sometimes controversial subject. The symbols associated with medicine usually present snakes associated with them, the most recognized being the rod of Asclepius/ Aesculapius and the Hermes/Mercury caduceus. Snakes are associated with positive and negative considerations in the different cultures of the world. In Ancient Egypt they were symbols of wisdom and power. In the Bible they had a dual role and a participation in at least one event related to massive healings. Greek mythology provides us with elements that connect snakes coiled around a branch or rod directly to medicine. The treatment of dracunculiasis gives us another way of connection between this image and medicine. The rod of Asclepius/ Aesculapius is recognized as a symbol of medicine and health sciences in general, while the caduceus is associated with other non-medical professions
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , História Antiga , Simbolismo , História da Medicina , Emblemas e Insígnias/história , Dracunculíase/história , Medicina , MitologiaRESUMO
Former smokers are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. We hypothesized that dietary aronia polyphenols would reduce biomarkers of cardiovascular disease risk, inflammation, and oxidative stress in former smokers. We also determined the extent these effects were associated with polyphenol bioavailability. A 12-week, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 49 healthy adult former smokers (n = 24/placebo, n = 25/aronia) to evaluate if daily consumption of 500 mg aronia extract modulated plasma lipids, blood pressure, biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, and lipid transport genes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The primary outcome was change in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) from baseline, and multivariate correlation analysis was performed to determine if changes in lipids were associated with urinary polyphenol excretion. Aronia consumption reduced fasting plasma total cholesterol by 8% (P = .0140), LDL-C by 11% (P = .0285), and LDL receptor protein in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (P = .0036) at 12 weeks compared with the placebo group. Positive changes in the urinary polyphenol metabolites peonidin-3-O-galactoside, 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid, and unmetabolized anthocyanin cyanidin-3-O-galactoside were associated with lower plasma total cholesterol and LDL-C in the aronia group. Aronia consumption did not change blood pressure or biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress. Aronia polyphenols reduced total and LDL-C in former smokers but did not improve biomarkers of oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. The cholesterol-lowering activity of aronia extract was most closely associated with urinary levels of cyanidin-3-O-galactoside and peonidin-3-O-galactoside, its methylated metabolite. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT01541826.