Qualidade de vida no contexto de pacientes com HIV/AIDS: um estudo comparativo / Life quality within the context of patients with HIV/AIDS: a comparative study

Comparar a percepção da qualidade de vida de pessoas HIV+ com pessoas sem o diagnóstico para o HIV/AIDS. Pesquisa quantitativa, analítica, com comparação entre duas amostras de 240 indivíduos, sendo 120 HIV positivo e 120 HIV negativo. Utilizou-se como instrumento o questionário WHOQoL-HIV-bref e um segundo desenvolvido pelos pesquisadores. Realizou-se análise descritiva dos dados por meio do software Stata, versão 14.0 e a análise estatística pelo teste qui-quadrado e t de student (p<0,05). Houve predomínio do sexo feminino, idade de 18 a 37 anos, solteiros e satisfeitos com sua saúde. Observou-se diferença significativa na percepção da qualidade de vida entre os grupos, com exceção do domínio meio ambiente (p=0,101). O domínio melhor avaliado foi o de espiritualidade e o nível de independência o pior. Os resultados sugerem que o diagnóstico positivo de HIV/AIDS é condição suficiente para diferenciar a qualidade de vida da população geral.

To compare life quality perception of people with HIV+ with people without HIV/AID diagnosis. Quantitative and analytic research comparing two samples of 240 persons, of whom 120 were HIV positive and 120 HIV were negative. Questionnaire WHOQoL-HIV-bref was employed, coupled with another one developed by the researchers. Descriptive analysis of data was performed with Stata 14.0 and statistical analysis was undertaken by the χ2 and Student´s t tests (p<0.05). Females between 18 and 37 years old, single and satisfied with their health, were predominant. There was a significant difference in the perception of life quality between the groups, excepting the environment domain (p=0.101). The best domain under evaluation was spirituality; the worst was independence level. Results suggest that positive HIV/AIDS diagnosis was a sufficient condition to differentiate life quality of the general population.

Mat Pilates and aquatic aerobic exercises for women with fibromyalgia: a protocol for a randomised controlled blind study.

INTRODUCTION: Physical exercises have been recommended to improve the overall well-being of patients with fibromyalgia, with the main objective of repairing the effects of lack of physical conditioning and of improving the symptoms, especially pain and fatigue. Although widely recommended and widely known, few studies support the use of Pilates as an effective method in improving the symptoms of the disease, comparing it with other well-founded exercise modalities. This protocol was developed to describe the design of a randomised controlled study with a blind evaluator that evaluates the effectiveness of mat Pilates, comparing it with aquatic aerobic exercises, in improving pain in women with fibromyalgia. METHODS: Sixty women aged 18-60 years with a diagnosis of fibromyalgia, with a score of between 3 and 8 points on the Visual Analogue Scale for pain, and who sign the clear and informed consent form will be recruited according to the inclusion criteria. They will be randomised into one of the two intervention groups: (1) Pilates, to perform an exercise programme based on mat Pilates; and (2) aquatic exercise, to participate in a programme of aerobic exercises in the swimming pool. The protocol will correspond to 12 weeks of treatment, with both groups performing the exercises with supervision twice a week. The primary outcome will be pain (Visual Analogue Scale for pain). The secondary outcomes are to include impact related to the disease, functional capacity, sleep quality and overall quality of life. The evaluations will be performed at three points: at baseline and after 6 weeks and 12 weeks of treatment. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of FACISA/UFRN (number: 2.116.314). Data collection will begin after approval by the ethics committee. There will be prior contact with the women, at which time all the information about the study and the objectives will be presented, as well as resolution no 466/2012 of the National Health Council of Brazil for the year 2012, which provides guidelines and regulatory standards for research involving human beings. Participants must sign the informed consent form before the study begins. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT03149198.

Osteoarthritis of the hands and muscle strengthening exercises: an integrative update and review of the literature / Osteoartrite de mãos e exercícios de fortalecimento muscular: uma atualização e revisão integrativa da literatura

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Osteoarthritis of the hands is a highly prevalent disease that can lead to significant deformity and disability. The therapeutic approach in the management of osteoarthritis of the hands is based on pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches. However, none of these treatments demonstrated a reduction of joint damage, and it presents itself in a purely symptomatic way. Yet, expert practitioners strongly recommend and use hand muscle strengthening in patients with hand osteoarthritis, but there is no consensus for such conduct. The objective of the study was to review the concepts about hand osteoarthritis as well as to bring the current evidence on muscle strengthening as a non-pharmacological treatment for this disease. CONTENTS: The study reviewed the United States National Library of Medicine database (Pubmed). The words used were: hand osteoarthritis, exercises, physiotherapy and rehabilitation. We included 5 articles in English, published in the last 10 years, focused on muscle strengthening exercises for osteoarthritis patients. CONCLUSION: There is no consensus, nor a more effective exercise protocol, although exercises and physiotherapy are still recommended. We suggest conducting randomized controlled clinical trials to improve the evidence on this subject.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A osteoartrite de mãos é uma doença altamente prevalente que pode levar à importante deformidade e incapacidade. A abordagem terapêutica no seu manuseio baseia-se em condutas farmacológicas e não farmacológicas; no entanto, nenhum desses tratamentos demonstrou redução da lesão articular e apresenta-se de maneira puramente sintomática. Contudo, profissionais especializados recomendam e utilizam amplamente o fortalecimento da musculatura das mãos em pacientes com osteoartrite de mãos, mas não há um consenso para tal conduta. O objetivo do estudo foi revisar os conceitos sobre a osteoartrite de mãos, bem como trazer as evidências atuais sobre o fortalecimento muscular como forma de tratamento não medicamentoso para esta doença. CONTEÚDO: O estudo foi realizado na base de dados "United States National Library of Medicine" (Pubmed). As palavras utilizadas foram: "hand osteoarthritis", "exercises", "physiotherapy and rehabilitation". Foram incluídos 5 artigos em inglês, publicados nos últimos 10 anos, cujo foco fosse exercícios de fortalecimento muscular para pacientes com osteoartrite de mãos. CONCLUSÃO: Não existe consenso, nem um protocolo de exercícios mais efetivos, embora os exercícios e a fisioterapia ainda sejam recomendados. Sugere-se a realização de estudos clínicos controlados e randomizados para melhorar a evidência sobre este assunto.

Impact of a three-month resistance training program for elderly persons with knee osteoarthritis residing in the community of Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil / Impacto de um programa de três meses de exercícios resistidos para idosos com osteoartrite de joelhos, da comunidade de Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil

Abstract Objective: to evaluate the impact of a three-month resistance exercise program on the pain and functionality of elderly patients with knee osteoarthritis from the city of Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte. Method: a quasi-experimental study was performed with 13 elderly patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis, who underwent a resistance training program twice a week for 12 weeks. Pain, muscle strength, functionality, quality of life and patient satisfaction were evaluated using the following instruments: the visual analog scale, one repetition maximum testing, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, the Timed Up and Go Test, the 6-minute walk Test, the Short Form (36) Health Survey and the Likert scale. The paired T-test and ANOVA for repeated measures were used for statistical analysis. Results: the mean age of the patients was 62.0 (±10.0) years. At the end of the study, the pain, muscle strength, functional status and some areas of quality of life of the elderly had improved. Conclusion: resistance exercises were an effective and safe method of improving the pain, muscle strength, functionality and quality of life of the population studied. The elderly should be encouraged to perform supervised strength training therapy. AU

Resumo Objetivo: avaliar o impacto de um programa de três meses de exercícios resistidos na dor e funcionalidade de idosos com osteoartrite de joelhos, da cidade de Santa Cruz, RN. Método: estudo quase experimental, com 13 idosos com diagnóstico médico de osteoartrite de joelhos, que realizaram um programa de exercícios resistidos duas vezes por semana, durante 12 semanas. A dor, força muscular, funcionalidade, qualidade de vida e satisfação do paciente foram avaliadas através dos instrumentos: Escala visual analógica de dor, Teste de uma repetição máxima (1RM), questionário The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, Teste Timed Up and Go, Teste de caminhada de seis minutos, questionário Short Form (36) Health Survey e escala Likert. Teste t pareado e ANOVA de medidas repetidas foram utilizados para análise estatística. Resultados: a média de idade dos pacientes foi de 62,0 (±10,0) anos. Ao final do estudo, os idosos melhoraram a dor, aumentaram a força muscular, ficaram mais funcionais e melhoraram alguns domínios da qualidade de vida. Conclusão: os exercícios resistidos foram efetivos e seguros na melhora da dor, força muscular, funcionalidade e qualidade de vida, no grupo estudado. Idosos da comunidade devem ser encorajados a realizar musculação terapêutica supervisionada. AU