Situación actual de la especialidad de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria en España / State speciality Family and Community Nursing in Spain

Objetivo: Conocer la realidad sobre la aplicación del programa formativo en cada una de las Unidades Multiprofesionales de Atención Familiar y Comunitaria, y también describir la situación actual y perspectivas laborales de los actuales especialistas de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria. Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal realizado durante los meses de Septiembre y Octubre del 2014 a los profesionales residentes y especialistas de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria de toda España. Para obtener los datos se facilitó de forma online un cuestionario autoadministrado de carácter voluntario y anónimo, el cual fue elaborado por un grupo de expertos en la especialidad de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria pertenecientes a la Asociación Gallega de Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria de Galicia (AGEFEC). Resultados: Se estudió una muestra de 342 profesionales. El 69% eran residentes y el 31% especialistas en Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria. El 54% de los especialistas y el 56% de los residentes indican un déficit en la adquisición de competencias recogidas en el programa formativo de su especialidad. El 46% de los especialistas está trabajando actualmente en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria. Conclusiones: Resulta de vital importancia ofrecer una formación especializada en Enfermería Familiar y Comunitaria lo más homogenizada posible, sirviendo como un instrumento necesario para garantizar la calidad de la formación en todo el sistema sanitario (AU)

Objective: Knowing the reality on the implementation of the training program in each of the teaching units Multiprofessional Family Care and Community, and also to describe the current situation and perspectives of current labor specialists of Family and Community Nursing. Method: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted during the months of September and October 2014 resident`s professionals and specialists of Family and Community Nursing throughout Spain. For data was provided so online a self-administered questionnaire voluntary and anonymous, which was developed by a group of experts in the specialty of Family and Community Nursing belonging to the Galician Association of Family and Community Nursing Galicia (AGEFEC). Results: A sample of 342 professionals was studied. 69% were residents and 31% specialists in Family and Community Nursing. 54% of specialists and 56% of residents indicate a deficit in the acquisition of skills included in the training program for their specialty. 46% of specialists are currently working in the field of primary care. Conclusions: It is important to provide a specialized training Family and Community Nursing homogenized as possible, serving as a necessary step to ensure the quality of training throughout the health system instrument (AU)

Speciation of chromium using chronoamperometric biosensors based on screen-printed electrodes.

Chronoamperometric assays based on tyrosinase and glucose oxidase (GOx) inactivation have been developed for the monitoring of Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Tyrosinase was immobilized by crosslinking on screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCEs) containing tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) as electron transfer mediator. The tyrosinase/SPC(TTF)E response to pyrocatechol is inhibited by Cr(III). This process, that is not affected by Cr(VI), allows the determination of Cr(III) with a capability of detection of 2.0±0.2 µM and a reproducibility of 5.5%. GOx modified screen-printed carbon platinised electrodes (SPCPtEs) were developed for the selective determination of Cr(VI) using ferricyanide as redox mediator. The biosensor was able to discriminate two different oxidation states of chromium being able to reject Cr(III) and to detect the toxic species Cr(VI). Chronoamperometric response of the biosensor towards glucose decreases with the presence of Cr(VI), with a capability of detection of 90.5±7.6 nM and a reproducibility of 6.2%. A bipotentiostatic chronoamperometric biosensor was finally developed using a tyrosinase/SPC(TTF)E and a GOx/SPC(Pt)E connected in array mode for the simultaneous determination of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in spiked tap water and in waste water from a tannery factory samples.