Synergistic enhancement of the phytostabilization of a semiarid mine tailing by a combination of organic amendment and native microorganisms (Funneliformis mosseae and Bacillus cereus).

The goal of this work was to evaluate the effects of fermented sugar beet residue and inoculation with a native arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus, Funneliformis mosseae (Nicol. and Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe, or a native bacterium, Bacillus cereus Frankland & Frankland, alone or in combination, on the establishment of Lygeum spartum L. seedlings grown in a mine tailing under semiarid conditions. We conducted a field study to analyse root and shoot dry biomass, shoot nutrient contents, mycorrhization, plant nitrate reductase (NR) and acid phosphomonoesterase activities, soil enzyme activities and aggregate stability. Ten months after field transplanting, it was found that the three experimental factors had interacted synergistically with regard to shoot and root biomass, with increases of about 410% and 370%, respectively relative to plants in the untreated soil. The treatment combining all three factors increased the root content of all heavy metals, and the levels of nitrogen (N), phosphorus, potassium and NR activity in shoot tissues, whereas it decreased root acid phosphomonoesterase activity. Soil dehydrogenase, protease and ß-glucosidase activities, total N content and aggregate stability were increased by the combined treatment. In conclusion, the combination of the organic amendment, the native AM fungus and the native bacterium can be regarded as a suitable tool for phytostabilization with L. spartum due to its ability to enhance the tolerance of plants to heavy metals, improve the plant nutritional status and increase the soil microbial function related to the C cycling.

Insights on Guerbet Reaction: Production of Biobutanol From Bioethanol Over a Mg-Al Spinel Catalyst.

The production of biobutanol from bioethanol by the Guerbet reaction is an alternative pathway to renewable sources. The commercial viability of this green route requires improvements in the process development. This study experimentally examines the influence of operating conditions on the performance of a Mg-Al spinel catalyst prepared from hydrotalcite precursors. This catalyst demonstrates an exceptional performance in the Guerbet reaction with a promising activity/butanol selectivity balance, excellent long-term stability, and very-low-carbon footprint (CO2 generation as by-products is minimal). This study showcases a systematic strategy to optimize the reaction parameters in the Guerbet reaction for biobutanol production using an advanced spinel catalyst. Upon carefully adjusting temperature, pressure, space velocity, and reactants co-feeding, very promising conversion (35%) and butanol selectivity values (48%) were obtained.

Nuevos retos en gestión de vectores en salud pública: la mosca negra en Murcia (España) / New public health challenges in vector management: black flies in Murcia (Spain)

Hasta ahora no se habían detectado molestias causadas por simúlidos (Diptera: Simuliidae) en la Región de Murcia. En septiembre de 2016, el ayuntamiento de Ojós contactó con la Dirección General de Salud Pública en relación con una plaga de insectos en la localidad, probablemente mosquitos. Tras muestrear con una trampa BG-sentinel 2, capturar insectos adultos con aspirador entomológico, y larvas y pupas en muestras de cañas sumergidas, la especie implicada se identificó como Simulium sergenti. Esta especie no parece ser especialmente antropófila y, por tanto, el riesgo para la salud de los vecinos se consideró bajo, pero las molestias causadas por la gran cantidad de moscas afectaron a la calidad de vida de las personas en la localidad. Se recomendó un plan de gestión de simúlidos para la zona afectada, tratando el río con Bacillus thuringiensis var. Israelensis (AU)

Historically, no black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) nuisance has been reported in the Murcia Region. Back in September 2016 the Ojós City Council has contacted the Regional Public Health General Directorate for help regarding a local insect nuisance, most probably based on mosquitoes. After sampling with a BG-sentinel 2 trap, collecting adult specimens with an entomological aspirator, and collect larvae and pupae on submerged giant cane stalks at the river, it turned out that Simulium sergenti was the insect species causing the nuisance. This species is not considered particularly anthropophilic; therefore, a low vector risk for human health was considered. However, the high fly density impaired the life quality of the people at the village. A management plan was recommended, treating the river with Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (AU)

[New public health challenges in vector management: black flies in Murcia (Spain)]. / Nuevos retos en gestión de vectores en salud pública: la mosca negra en Murcia (España).

Historically, no black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) nuisance has been reported in the Murcia Region. Back in September 2016 the Ojós City Council has contacted the Regional Public Health General Directorate for help regarding a local insect nuisance, most probably based on mosquitoes. After sampling with a BG-sentinel 2 trap, collecting adult specimens with an entomological aspirator, and collect larvae and pupae on submerged giant cane stalks at the river, it turned out that Simulium sergenti was the insect species causing the nuisance. This species is not considered particularly anthropophilic; therefore, a low vector risk for human health was considered. However, the high fly density impaired the life quality of the people at the village. A management plan was recommended, treating the river with Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis.

Hypodontia: a retrospective study of portuguese population.

Short Communication selected from the Oral Presentations of the 56th Congress of the Groupèment International pour la Recherche Scientifique en Stomatologie et Odontologie, Peñafiel (Portugal) May 2012.

Relation between dental anomalies in portuguese population.

Short Communication selected from the Oral Presentations of the 56th Congress of the Groupèment International pour la Recherche Scientifique en Stomatologie et Odontologie, Peñafiel (Portugal) May 2012.

Effect of saliva contamiination on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded with a self-etching primer.

This study evaluates the effect of saliva contamination at different stages of the bonding brackets procedure using the self-etching primer Adper Prompt L-Pop (3M ESPE, Minneapolis, Minn) and the resin orthodontic adhesive system Transbond XT (3M). A total of 70 brackets were bonded to human extracted premolars, which were divided into four groups: group 1, uncontaminated (control); group 2, saliva application before priming; group 3, saliva application after priming; and group 4, saliva application before and after priming. Shear bond strength was measured with a universal test machine. The adhesive remnant on the tooth after debonding was determined using image analysis equipment. Significant differences were only observed between group 1 (12.42 +/- 3.27) and groups 2 (9.93 +/- 4.50) and 4 (9.59 +/- 2.92) (P < .05). Concerning the adhesive remnant, no significant differences were found between the groups evaluated (P > .05).

[The diseases yudam and baras (leprosy) in treatises of Islamic Law (Malikí Doctrine)]. / Las enfermedades yudam y baras (lepra) en los tratados de derecho islámico (doctrina Malikí).

Two diseases that appear in the legal treatises, yudam and baras, are semantically ambiguous and present difficulties when it comes to establishing their meaning. However, comparison of lexicographical and medical sources with modern bilingual and monolingual Arabic dictionaries bring us closer to the real meanings of the terms within the spacial and temporal contexts of the Maliki legal treatises. In these treatises, they appear as vitia redhibitoria in certain types of contract and also as diseases subject to regulations for the prevention of infection.