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1.
3D Print Med ; 7(1): 11, 2021 Apr 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33890198

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The integration of 3D printing technology in hospitals is evolving toward production models such as point-of-care manufacturing. This study aims to present the results of the integration of 3D printing technology in a manufacturing university hospital. METHODS: Observational, descriptive, retrospective, and monocentric study of 907 instances of 3D printing from November 2015 to March 2020. Variables such as product type, utility, time, or manufacturing materials were analyzed. RESULTS: Orthopedic Surgery and Traumatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, and Gynecology and Obstetrics are the medical specialties that have manufactured the largest number of processes. Working and printing time, as well as the amount of printing material, is different for different types of products and input data. The most common printing material was polylactic acid, although biocompatible resin was introduced to produce surgical guides. In addition, the hospital has worked on the co-design of custom-made implants with manufacturing companies and has also participated in tissue bio-printing projects. CONCLUSIONS: The integration of 3D printing in a university hospital allows identifying the conceptual evolution to "point-of-care manufacturing."

2.
Arch Esp Urol ; 67(1): 129-37, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24531681

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: To perform a bibliographic review on female urethra stenosis, following the criteria for evidence based medicine. METHODS: We performed a PubMed Search with the following keywords; "female urethral stricture ","women urethral stricture","female urethral reconstruction "and " female urethral stricture treatment ",without time limits, both in English and Spanish languages. RESULTS: Female urethra stenosis is a rare pathology, in which the working diagnosis is essential, as much as detailed physical examination, urodynamic study and radiological tests. We found in the literature a total of 73 cases treated with dilation with or without maintenance self catheterization, 120 cases treated with meatotomy, 65 cases treated by flap urethroplasty (46 with vaginal flap, 17 with vestibular flap and 12 with labia minora graft and 28 with oral mucosa grafts). There are not comparative studies between the various techniques, making it difficult to set up a therapeutic algorithm. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment with flaps/grafts has the highest success rate; whereas less invasive procedures such as urethrotomy/meatotomy/dilations/self-catheterization should be reserved for short female urethra stenosis or women with high comorbidity.


Assuntos
Estreitamento Uretral/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Comorbidade , Cistoscopia , Dilatação , Feminino , Humanos , Cateterismo Uretral Intermitente , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Transplante Autólogo , Resultado do Tratamento , Uretra/lesões , Estreitamento Uretral/diagnóstico , Estreitamento Uretral/epidemiologia , Estreitamento Uretral/etiologia , Estreitamento Uretral/terapia , Cateterismo Urinário , Urodinâmica
3.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(1): 129-137, ene.-feb. 2014. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-129224

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Realización de una revisión bibliográfica sobre la estenosis de uretra femenina (EUF), según los criterios de la Medicina Basada en la Evidencia. MÉTODOS: Búsqueda en Pubmed de los estudios publicados con las siguientes palabras clave: «female urethral stricture», «women urethral stricture», «female urethral reconstruction» y «female urethral stricture treatment», sin límites de tiempo; en inglés y castellano. RESULTADOS: La EUF es una patología poco frecuente, en la que el diagnóstico de sospecha es fundamental; al igual que la exploración física detallada, el estudio urodinámico y las pruebas radiológicas. En total, hemos encontrado en la literatura 73 casos tratados con dilatación con o sin autocateterismos de mantenimiento, 120 casos tratados con meatotomía, 65 casos tratados con uretroplastia con colgajo (46 con colgajo vaginal, 17 con colgajo vestibular y 2 de labio menor) y 53 pacientes tratadas con uretroplastia con injerto (13 con injerto vaginal, 12 con injerto de labio menor y 28 de mucosa oral). No existen estudios comparativos entre las diferentes técnicas, lo que hace difícil establecer un algoritmo terapéutico. CONCLUSIONES: El tratamiento quirúrgico con colgajos/injertos tiene el porcentaje más elevado de éxito; mientras que los procedimientos menos invasivos como la uretrotomía / meatotomía / dilataciones / autocateterismos deberían reservarse para casos con EUF cortas y mujeres con alta comorbilidad


OBJECTIVES: To perform a bibliographic review on female urethra stenosis, following the criteria for evidence based medicine. METHODS: We performed a PubMed Search with the following keywords: «female urethral stricture», «women urethral stricture», «female urethral reconstruction» and «female urethral stricture treatment», without time limits, both in English and Spanish languages. RESULTS: Female urethra stenosis is a rare pathology, in which the working diagnosis is essential, as much as detailed physical examination, urodynamic study and radiological tests. We found in the literature a total of 73 cases treated with dilation with or without maintenance self catheterization, 120 cases treated with meatotomy, 65 cases treated by flap urethroplasty (46 with vaginal flap, 17 with vestibular flap and 12 with labia minora graft and 28 with oral mucosa grafts). There are not comparative studies between the various techniques, making it difficult to set up a therapeutic algorithm. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical treatment with flaps/grafts has the highest success rate; whereas less invasive procedures such as urethrotomy / meatotomy / dilations / self-catheterization should be reserved for short female urethra stenosis or women with high comorbidity


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Estreitamento Uretral/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Procedimentos de Cirurgia Plástica/métodos , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências , Retalhos de Tecido Biológico , Urodinâmica
4.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 65(1): 79-83, ene.-feb. 2012.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-101156

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Revisión de las Guías Clínicas que consideramos tienen un mayor impacto en la actividad urológica, para conocer y comparar sus recomendaciones en el diagnóstico y manejo de la recidiva bioquímica después de un tratamiento con intención curativa en el cáncer prostático ( prostatectomía radical o radioterapia). MÉTODOS: Hemos revisado las Guías Clínicas de la European Urological Assciation (EAU), American Urological Association (AUA), National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) y del National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), así como la evidencia científica en la que se basan. RESULTADOS: Ponemos de manifiesto en este artículo la complejidad del tema a tratar y las similitudes y disparidades entre ellas. La definición de recidiva varía si se trata de pacientes que han sido sometidos a prostatectomía radical o a radioterapia. En cuanto a los tratamientos, en el primer caso se decantan hacia la radioterapia precoz siendo en cambio más dispersas las recomendaciones en la recidiva bioquímica después de radioterapia. CONCLUSIÓN: Las Guías Clínicas suponen una magnífica ayuda al profesional para la toma de decisiones. Las Guías Clínicas formulan recomendaciones, con mayor o menor grado de evidencia y que han de ser periódicamente reevaluadas incorporando la evidencia científica que vaya apareciendo(AU)


OBJECTIVE: Review of the Guidelines which have major impact on the urological field, in order to compare and to know their recommendations in the diagnosis and management of biochemical relapse after a healing treatment of prostate cancer (radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy). METHODS: We review the Guidelines of the European Urological Association (EAU), the American Urological Association (AUA), of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) and those of the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), as well as the scientific evidence on which they are based. RESULTS: In this paper we state the complexity of the subject being dealt with and coincidences and differences among them. The definition of relapse varies depending on whether the patient has undergone either radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy. Regarding treatment, in the first case early radiotherapy is the treatment of choice, but recommendations after radiotherapy are not so specific. CONCLUSION: Clinical Guidelines represent a great aid in decision making for the professional. Guidelines give recommendations with a higher o lower degree of scientific evidence and must be evaluated regularly to include new evidences which are coming through(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias da Próstata/complicações , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/radioterapia , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências/métodos , Prática Clínica Baseada em Evidências/tendências , Prostatectomia/métodos , Prostatectomia/tendências , Prostatectomia
5.
Arch Esp Urol ; 63(2): 107-16, 2010 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20354275

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a 10-core prostate biopsy scheme is superior to the sextant scheme in diagnosing prostate cancer in patients programmed for a first biopsy, with negative rectal digital examination and PSA between 3.5-20 ng/ml. METHODS: A randomized prospective study was performed comparing two prostate biopsy schemes, with randomization stratification according to prostate volume (< or = 50 ml and > 50 ml). Sample size predetermination yielded a minimum of 304 patients in order to achieve the primary objective. Statistical analysis was carried out on an intent-to-treat basis, using the chi-squared test and uni- and multivariate analysis via logistic regression. RESULTS: Cancer was detected in 27.3% of the cases. A significant association was observed between cancer diagnosis and age (p=0.03), prostate volume (p=0.0001) and ultrasound nodule identification (p=0.0001). No correlation was observed with the total number of cores in the series (p=0.37) or with prostate volume < or = 50 ml (p=0.87) or > 50 ml (p=0.09). In the multivariate analysis, age > 70 years (p=0.005), prostate volume < or = 50 ml (p=0.001), and ultrasound nodule identification (p=0.003) were identified as independent variables associated to cancer diagnosis. CONCLUSION: No statistically significant differences were found between the two prostate biopsy schemes. In glands over 50 ml in size, the sextant scheme may prove to be insufficient.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biópsia/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Ultrassonografia
6.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 63(2): 107-116, mar. 2010. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-78897

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Evaluar si un esquema de biopsia de próstata de 10 cilindros es superior al esquema de 6 cilindros en el diagnóstico de cáncer de próstata, en pacientes que van a ser sometidos a una primera biopsia, con un tacto rectal no sospechoso y un PSA entre 3,5 y 20 ng/ml.MÉTODO: Estudio prospectivo aleatorizado entre 2 esquemas de biopsia de próstata con estratificación de la aleatorización por volumen prostático (<= 50 cc y > 50 cc.). Mediante predeterminación del tamaño muestral se obtuvo un mínimo de 304 pacientes para poder responder al objetivo principal. El análisis estadístico se realizó por “intención de tratar”, mediante el test de la Chi cuadrado y análisis uni y multivariante mediante regresión logística.RESULTADOS: Se detectó cáncer en el 27,3% de los casos. Existió una relación significativa entre el diagnóstico de cáncer y la edad (p=0,03), el volumen prostático (p=0,0001) y la existencia de nódulo ecográfico (p=0,0001). No se observó relación con el número de cilindros en el total de la serie (p=0,37), ni en la próstatas ≤ 50 cc (p=0,87) ni en las > 50 cc (p=0,09). En el análisis multivariante la edad > 70 años (p=0,005), el volumen de la próstata <= 50 cc (p=0,001) y la existencia del nódulo ecográfico (p=0,003) se identificaron como variables independientes asociadas al diagnóstico de cáncer.CONCLUSIÓN: No hemos encontrado diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre ambos esquemas de biopsia de próstata. En las glándulas mayores de 50 cc. el esquema de 6 cilindros puede ser insuficiente(AU)


OBJECTIVE: To determine whether a 10-core prostate biopsy scheme is superior to the sextant scheme in diagnosing prostate cancer in patients programmed for a first biopsy, with negative rectal digital examination and PSA between 3.5-20 ng/ml.METHODS: A randomized prospective study was performed comparing two prostate biopsy schemes, with randomization stratification according to prostate volume (<= 50 ml and > 50 ml). Sample size predetermination yielded a minimum of 304 patients in order to achieve the primary objective. Statistical analysis was carried out on an intent-to-treat basis, using the chi-squared test and uni- and multivariate analysis via logistic regression.RESULTS: Cancer was detected in 27.3% of the cases. A significant association was observed between cancer diagnosis and age (p=0.03), prostate volume (p=0.0001) and ultrasound nodule identification (p=0.0001). No correlation was observed with the total number of cores in the series (p=0.37) or with prostate volume ≤ 50 ml (p=0.87) or > 50 ml (p=0.09). In the multivariate analysis, age > 70 years (p=0.005), prostate volume <= 50 ml (p=0.001), and ultrasound nodule identification (p=0.003) were identified as independent variables associated to cancer diagnosis.CONCLUSION: No statistically significant differences were found between the two prostate biopsy schemes. In glands over 50 ml in size, the sextant scheme may prove to be insufficient(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias da Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , /tendências , Próstata/patologia , Próstata/cirurgia , Próstata , /instrumentação , /métodos , Estudos Prospectivos
7.
Arch Esp Urol ; 58(3): 199-206, 2005 Apr.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15906613

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To determine the diagnostic usefulness of data provided by clinical history for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction in patients with acute urinary retention. METHODS: We performed a transversal study in a series of 70 patients (19 women and 51 men) with a mean age of 61.5 years (typical deviation 20.7 years), who underwent urodynamic study due to acute urinary retention. Past medical history was recorded in all patients. Physical exam was also carried out, evaluating prostate size in males, presence of genital prolapse in females, and neurourological examination. Urodynamic tests consisted on flowmetry, pressure/flow studies with simultaneous perineal electromyography, and voiding cystourethrogram or videocystogram. Student's t mean comparison and chi-square tests were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: The only clinical data that showed a statistically significant relationship with obstruction of the lower urinary tract were: age, sex, prostate size, and existence of infrasacral neurological lesion (absence of bulbocavernous reflex). Age > 74 years showed a sensitivity of 71 % for lower urinary tract obstruction and a specificity of 60%. Male sex showed a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 36%. Prostate size > or ='3d grade II sensitivity was 58% and specificity 82%; and absence of infrasacral lesion a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 48%. CONCLUSIONS: Provided that a negative result in a test with high sensitivity makes the likelihood of disease low, in women the presence of infrasacral neurogenic dysfunction or age < or ='3d74 years diminish the probability of obstruction in patients with acute urinary retention. On the other side, if a negative result of a test with high specificity increases the probability of having the disease, a prostate size > or ='3d grade II and age > 74 years favour the likelihood of having urinary tract obstruction for a patient with acute urinary retention.


Assuntos
Retenção Urinária/complicações , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Anamnese , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Infecções Urinárias/etiologia
8.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 58(3): 199-206, abr. 2005. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039230

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Determinar la utilidad diagnósticade los datos aportados por la historia clínicapara el diagnóstico de obstrucción del tracto urinarioinferior (OTUI) en los pacientes con retención aguda deorina (RAO).MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio transversal en unaserie de 70 pacientes (19 mujeres y 51 varones) deedad media 61, 5 años (desviación típica 20,7 años),sometidos a estudio urodinámico por presentar RAO.Los pacientes fueron interrogados sobre sus antecedentespatológicos. Se les realizó además una exploraciónclínica, valorando el tamaño prostático en varones, presenciade prolapsos genitales en mujeres, y una exploraciónneurourológica. El estudio urodinámico consistióen una flujometría libre, un estudio de presión/ flujocon registro simultaneo de la actividad electromiográficaperineal, y una cistografía o videocistografía mic-cionales. La pruebas estadísticas utilizadas fueron el testde comparación de medias de la t de Student y el testde la Chi-cuadrado.RESULTADOS: Los únicos datos clínicos que mostraronuna relación estadísticamente significativa con la OTUIfueron: la edad, el sexo, el tamaño prostático y la presenciade lesión neurológica infrasacral (ausencia delreflejo bulbocavernoso). Los pacientes con edad superiora 74 años presentaron una sensibilidad respecto ala presencia de OTUI del 71% y una especificidad del60%. El sexo masculino mostró una sensibilidad del88% y una especificidad del 36%. El tamaño prostáticosuperior o igual a un grado II, una sensibilidad del58% y una especificidad del 82%, y la ausencia delesión infrasacral una sensibilidad del 77% y una especificidaddel 48%.CONCLUSIONES: Dado que, un resultado negativoen una prueba con una alta sensibilidad, hace pocoprobable la presencia de la enfermedad, en el sexofemenino, la presencia de una disfunción neurógenainfrasacral y una edad menor o igual a 74 años, disminuyenla probabilidad de obstrucción en pacientescon RAO. Por otra parte, como un resultado negativopara una prueba con una alta especificidad, aumentala probabilidad de padecer la enfermedad; una próstatade tamaño mayor o igual a un grado II y una edadsuperior a los 74 años, favorecen la probabilidad depadecer obstrucción urinaria en un paciente con RAO


OBJECTIVES: To determine the diagnostic usefulness of data provided by clinical history for the diagnosis of lower urinary tract obstruction in patients with acute urinary retention. METHODS: We performed a transversal study in a series of 70 patients (19 women and 51 men) with a mean age of 61.5 years (typical deviation 20.7 years), who underwent urodynamic study due to acute urinary retention. Past medical history was recorded in all patients. Physical exam was also carried out, evaluating prostate size in males, presence of genital prolapse in females, and neurourological examination. Urodynamic tests consisted on flowmetry, pressure/flow studies with simultaneous perineal electromyography, and voiding cystourethrogram or videocystogram. Student’s t mean comparison and chi-square tests were used for the statistical analysis. RESULTS: The only clinical data that showed a statistically significant relationship with obstruction of the lower urinary tract were: age, sex, prostate size, and existence of infrasacral neurological lesion (absence of bulbocavernous reflex). Age > 74 years showed a sensitivity of 71% for lower urinary tract obstruction and a specificity of 60%. Male sex showed a sensitivity of 88% and specificity of 36%. Prostate size >=3d grade II sensitivity was 58% and specificity 82%; and absence of infrasacral lesion a sensitivity of 77% and specificity of 48%. CONCLUSIONS: Provided that a negative result in a test with high sensitivity makes the likelihood of disease low, in women the presence of infrasacral neurogenic dysfunction or age =3d grade II and age > 74 years favour the likelihood of having urinary tract obstruction for a patient with acute urinary retention


Assuntos
Humanos , Retenção Urinária/complicações , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Estudos Transversais , Anamnese , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Infecções Urinárias/etiologia
9.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 54(9): 971-982, nov. 2001.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-6234

RESUMO

OBJETIVOS: Análisis de la LEOC in situ, sin instrumentación complementaria, como tratamiento de primera elección para la litiasis ureteral, objetivando que la litiasis del uréter distal mantiene opiniones enfrentadas entre la LEOC y la URS. Para la litiasis ureteral compleja, asociada a malformaciones del uréter, fracasos de la LEOC o ante complicaciones se eligen otros procedimientos (URS), donde la cirugía abierta ureteral tiene sus indicaciones. MÉTODOS: Desde Octubre 1990 a Diciembre 2000 la Unidad de Litiasis-Litotricia de la FJD ha realizado 2500 LEOC in situ sobre cálculos ureterales: nunca la instrumentación endoscópica o percutána (Doble J o NP) se ha planteado como estrategia de LEOC. La litiasis estaba en el uréter lumbar en el 45 por ciento, sacro-iliaco 11 por ciento y 44 por ciento pelviano. El 67 por ciento en hombres y el 33 por ciento en mujeres adultos (edad media 48 y 42 años). El 88 por ciento fueron cálculos entre 5-20 mm. La litiasis ureteral bilateral ha representado el 1,5 por ciento y la múltiple el 1,7 por ciento, el monorrenias el 1,5 por ciento. El 15 por ciento se ha tratado en situación de cólico renal. La litiasis úrica ureteral se trata mediante la ayuda de UIV durante la LEOC. RESULTADOS: El éxito global es del 95 por ciento siendo del 97 por ciento para la litiasis del uréter lumbar y del 89 por ciento para la litiasis del uréter distal. El índice de re-LEOC es del 1,10.El cólico renal se resuelve durante la LEOC aunque la fragmentación sea parcial. Es habitual la hematuria postLEOC y la sintomatología miccional irritativa a la expulsión de fragmentos. El cólico post-LEOC se reconoce en el 20 por ciento de los casos pero es controlado con facilidad con farmacología. Se reconocen tres complicaciones graves (0,12 por ciento), perforación de colon, hematoma grave renal y peritonitis. La obstrucción séptica se ha producido en el 1,5 por ciento precisando cateterismo o nefrostomía. La calle litiásica radiológica y asintomática se presenta en el 10 por ciento de los casos. CONCLUSIONES: La LEOC in situ es la opción más adecuada para tratar la litiasis ureteral, ampliamente demostrado por la experiencia de muchos grupos. El tamaño y el grado de impactación del cálculo se consideran datos de influencia negativa en los resultados. La resistencia a ser fragmentado, circunstancia determinada fundamentalmente por la composición química, influye en los resultados siendo el oxalato cálcico monohidrato el más resistente. La colocación de un catéter previo (Doble J o NP) no mejoran los resultados globales. Parece el tratamiento ideal y deseado durante el cólico renal. La litiasis del uréter distal puede ser tratada tanto con LEOC como con URS aunque si se dispone de un litotritor, la LEOC es la primera alternativa evitando la instrumentación endoscópica (AU)


Assuntos
Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Adolescente , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Litotripsia , Cálculos Ureterais , Árvores de Decisões
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