A retrospective study on the efficacy of short-term perioperative prophylaxis in abdominal surgery for hernia repair in 1,254 patients.

Between 1992 and 1999 1,254 patients requiring hernioplasty came to our Department of Surgery, at San Giovanni Valdarno Hospital, Arezzo. In 94% of cases a prosthetic device was inserted. All patients received a preoperative antibiotic prophylaxis with ceftriaxone, administered intravenously in a single 2 g dose, before surgery. We have retrospectively evaluated the incidence of postoperative infections in these patients: no surgical wound infection occurred, while we observed 10 cases of systemic infections, 5 respiratory tract infections and 5 urinary tract infections, all of which were successfully treated with antibiotics. Tolerability was good: no adverse reaction to ceftriaxone was observed. In this retrospective study ceftriaxone was shown to be effective in preventing the onset of postoperative infections.

[The use of mesh in abdominal wall defects]. / Impiego delle reti nei difetti addominali parietali.

Today abdominal wall defect repair can't prescind from the use of prosthetic materials. Inguinal, femoral and incisional hernias represent more frequent events in which, only using prosthetic materials is it possible to perform "tension-free" repair. Prosthetic repairs "agree with" abdominal, wall physio-pathology, guarantee results and prevent recurrences. Permanent biomaterials like polypropylene and dacron mesh deserve special attention for their distinctive features are suitable for abdominal wall defect repair. Selection of material is an important step according to surgical technique and to avoid complications; the most alarming of which is a possible infection. However the average incidence of infection on prosthesis is about 0.5%. While infection risk is really scarce, the benefits of prosthetic repairs are clear: the recurrence rate of traditional hernia repairs is about 33% and 0-0.7% in prosthetic repairs. Likewise the recurrence rate for traditional incisional hernia repair is between 14% and 50%, whereas in prosthetic repairs it is 0-4.5%. Therefore it is necessary to use prosthesis for the following two reasons: firstly to avoid tension on the suture line, the prime cause of recurrence, and secondly to increase formation of collagen fibres on the transversalis fascia that appears histologically and biochemically altered. The authors report their experience of 660 prosthetic repairs, 600 for hernia and 60 for incisional hernia, performed, in the period April 1992-December 1994, at the General Surgery Department in San Giovanni Valdarno Hospital. The surgical techniques used were "tension-free" and "sutureless" and the prosthesis laid down always a polypropylene mesh. Complications only occurred in 33 patients, particularly 4 cases of infection (0.6%) however mesh remove was not required. The follow-up until today evidenced only two early recurrences owing to our technical mistakes in the beginning of our experience. For incisional hernia repair we laid down a giant dacron mesh on preperitoneal space. No complications were registered. The average stay in hospital was 5 days and follow-up showed no recurrence. The use of prosthetic materials in abdominal wall defect repair expressed large benefits with evident and clear reduction in recurrence rate. Traditional techniques produce tension on the suture line and high percentage of early and late recurrences since an essential surgical principle is transgressed. In fact traditionally repair has been accomplished by approximation of anatomical structures, that are not normally in apposition and by utilization of defective tissue. Metabolic alteration involving collagen turnover is evident in these patients. The answer to this problem is prosthetic repair. At present there is no ideal prosthesis, however the surgeon can use several suitable synthetic materials. The selection of prosthetic materials is a fundamental step also considering the possible infection; that however develops rarely. In conclusion the authors think that mesh repairs represent an overcoming of traditional surgical techniques in abdominal wall defect repair.

[Jejunal mucosectomy as a preliminary technique of pancreatico-jejunal anastomosis]. / La mucosectomia digiunale come momento preliminare dell'anastomosi pancreatico-digiunale.

The Authors describe mucosectomy as a preliminary technique to pancreatico-jejunal anastomosis. The removal of the last few centimeters of the jejunal mucosa enhances the perfect adhesion of the loop to the pancreatic parenchyma. Results seem to confirm theory: in our experience, "telescopic" technique associated with mucosectomy and somatostatin administration prevented so far anastomotic leakages.

[Sulglicotide in the treatment of dyspeptic patients with duodenogastric reflux]. / Sulglicotide nel trattamento di pazienti dispeptici affetti da reflusso duodenogastrico.

The therapeutic efficacy of sulglicotide was tested in an open study of dyspeptic patients suffering from proven duodenogastric reflux. Twenty outpatients with non-ulcer dyspepsia and alkaline reflux demonstrated by measurement of enterogastric flux were enrolled in the study. All patients could be evaluated at the end of 8 weeks' treatment with 200 mg sulglicotide t.i.d. This treatment did not cause any change for the better of alkaline reflux but did induce marked improvement of subjective symptoms (p less than 0.05 vs baseline), giving the impression that in spite of the continued presence of the damaging agent the drug had reduced the mucosal lesion by increasing gastro-protective capacity.

[Personal experience in the area of colorectal anastomoses without protective colostomy]. / Esperienza personale nel campo delle anastomosi colo-rettali senza colostomia di protezione.

The Authors report their past 3-year-experience in colorectal anastomosis without protective colostomy. General results in terms of complications and mortality rates are similar if not even better than those referred by the international Literature.

[Gastroesophageal reflux of mixed type]. / Il reflusso gastro-esofageo di tipo misto.

Gastroesophageal reflux has been showed both clinically and experimentally to be especially damaging esophageal mucosal layer when the elements which make up reflux are gastric content and bilio-pancreatic juice.

[Histopathology of reflux esophagitis at an early phase. Study and significance of intraepithelial eosinophilia]. / L'istopatologia dell'esofagite da reflusso in fase precoce. Ricerca e significato dell'eosinofilia intraepiteliale.

The diagnosis of reflux esophagitis in the early stage is not easy because endoscopy rarely shows evident findings and histology of biopsy specimens still appears unclear and doubtful. Usual histopathological findings are reported and most available diagnostic criteria are discussed, on the basis of the literature and personal experience. Intraepithelial eosinophils are a possible marker of early reflux esophagitis: its diagnostic usefulness is outlined.