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1.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 46(7): 861-866, 2017 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28366448

RESUMO

This study aimed to describe the condylar layer and cartilage island in subjects with unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH). Five individuals (15-18 years old) with a diagnosis of UCH, treated in a university hospital in Temuco, Chile, were included. The analysis examined the presence, extension, and thickness of the layers on the condylar surface, the number, depth, and area of the cartilage islands, and the argyrophilic proteins of the nucleolar organizer region (AgNOR) score. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05. The fibrocartilaginous layer was thickest (0.13±0.05mm) and the joint layer was thinnest (0.07±0.01mm) (P<0.05). With respect to the number, depth, and area of the islands, case 1 presented the highest values, followed by case 2; the cartilage island was related to the fibrocartilaginous layer (P<0.05). All cases had AgNOR proteins in the proliferative and fibrocartilaginous layers, as well as the islands with the greatest presence of chondrocytes (P=0.245). A relationship was observed between the histopathological alterations in the different layers on the condylar surface and the thickness of the fibrocartilaginous layer, as well as the thickness of the latter and the number, depth, and area of the cartilage islands in the trabecular bone.


Assuntos
Cartilagem Articular/patologia , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/patologia , Côndilo Mandibular/patologia , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/patologia , Adolescente , Cartilagem Articular/diagnóstico por imagem , Cartilagem Articular/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hiperplasia/patologia , Hiperplasia/cirurgia , Masculino , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/diagnóstico por imagem , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle/cirurgia , Côndilo Mandibular/diagnóstico por imagem , Côndilo Mandibular/cirurgia , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/diagnóstico por imagem , Transtornos da Articulação Temporomandibular/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único , Resultado do Tratamento
2.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 33(1): 25-32, ene.-feb. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-160774

RESUMO

Introducción: El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar las revistas odontológicas de la red SciELO y evaluar los métodos estadísticos utilizados en artículos originales de investigación. Material y método: Se realizó una revisión bibliométrica descriptiva. Fueron incluidos todos los artículos originales publicados en revistas odontológicas indexadas en la red SciELO entre los años 2013 y 2014. La evaluación abarcó 4.262 artículos, y a través de un muestreo aleatorio estratificado por asignación proporcional se seleccionaron 309 artículos. Se evaluó el número y tipos de métodos estadísticos empleados. Resultados: Los métodos paramétricos fuero los análisis estadísticos principalmente empleados. Los más frecuentes correspondieron a las pruebas post-hoc (n= 110) (prueba de Tukey), seguido del modelo lineal (n= 84) y de la prueba t para muestras independientes (n= 29). En cuanto a los métodos no paramétricos, la prueba chi cuadrado de Pearson fue la más frecuentemente utilizada (n= 46), seguida de la prueba KruskalWallis (n= 42) y la prueba U Mann-Whitney (n= 27). La estadística descriptiva se observó en 112 de los artículos analizados. Conclusiones: Los métodos estadísticos más comúnmente utilizados en revistas SciELO del área odontológica fueron las pruebas de estadística inferencial, como post hoc, ANOVA, prueba t para muestras independientes, pruebas de Pearson Chi-cuadrado, Kruskal-Wallis y Mann-Whitney. Esta investigación proporciona una evidencia objetiva de lo que debe ser enseñado para mejorar la comprensión de la literatura dental desde una perspectiva bioestadística. Con esto, además de comprender claramente la información de los trabajos científicos, podríamos tomar mejores decisiones clínicas (AU)


Introduction: The aim of this study was to analyze the SciELO dental journals and evaluate what statistical methods were being used in their original research articles. Material and method: A descriptive bibliometric review was performed. All original articles published in the dental journals indexed in the SciELO database between 2013 and 2014 were included. The evaluation covered 4262 articles, and through a stratified random sampling by proportional allocation 309 articles were selected. The number and types of statistical methods employed were evaluated. Results: Parametric methods were the mainly statistical analyzes employed. The most frequent were the PostHoc tests (n= 110) (Tukey test), followed by one-way ANOVA (n= 84) and the independent-samples t-test (n= 29). Regarding the non-parametric methods, Pearson Chi-Square test was the most frequent (n= 46), followed by the Kruskal-Wallis test (n= 42) and Mann-Whitney U test (n= 27). Descriptive statistics was observed in 112 of the articles. Conclusions: The statistical methods most commonly used in SciELO dental journals were inferential statistics such as Post Hoc tests, ANOVA, t-test for independent samples, Pearson chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis, and MannWhitney U tests. This research provides an objective evidence of what ought to be taught to improve understanding of the dental literature from a biostatistics perspective. With this, in addition to clearly understand what give us the scientific papers, we could take better clinical decisions (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Publicações Periódicas como Assunto/estatística & dados numéricos , Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Jornalismo em Odontologia , 50088
3.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 32(3): 153-158, mayo-jun. 2016. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-153107

RESUMO

Introducción: El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar las características que diferencian aquellos diseños de investigación en odontología para su clasificación. Se realizó una revisión bibliométrica descriptiva, donde se identificaron las revistas odontológicas SciELO de la literatura en el área odontológica comprendidas entre el primer semestre del año 2013 y primer semestre del año 2014. Material y método: Estudio bibliométrico descriptivo, donde se identificaron las revistas odontológicas SciELO de la literatura en el área odontológica para determinar los diferentes tipos de diseño de investigación de los artículos originales identificados en revistas de odontología indexadas de base SciELO el primer semestre del año 2013 y el primer semestre del año 2014, mediante un muestreo estratificado con afijación proporcional, el cual, de un total de 4.262 artículos originales que se han publicado, nos arrojó una muestra de 309 artículos. Resultados: De los artículos originales, podemos destacar que la mayor frecuencia la obtienen los diseños de Corte Transversal (121), Casos-Controles (68), In vitro (34), Serie de Casos (25), Ensayo Clínico (13), Revisión de Casos (12), Revisión de un Caso (7). De manera aislada, se observaron publicaciones de artículos tipo: In vivo, Revisión Sistemática, Correlacional, Cohorte, otros (Revisión Website, Estudio Preliminar, Análisis Bibliométrico, etc). Conclusiones: El diseño más utilizado fue el de Corte Transversal; en segundo lugar, el diseño con mayor frecuencia de aplicación fue el de Casos y Controles y, en tercer lugar, se encuentran los estudios In vitro. Se deben mejorar los diseños clínicos en la investigación odontológica para obtener mejor evidencia (AU)


Introduction: The aim of this research was to identify the characteristics that differentiate research design for classification. A descriptive bibliometric review was performed where dental SciELO journals between the first semester of 2013 and the first semester of 2014 were identified. Material and methods: A descriptive bibliometric review was performed where dental SciELO journals were identified to determine the different types of research design from original articles published in dental journals indexed in SciELO database between the first semester of 2013 and the first semester of 2014. A stratified sampling with proportional allocation was performed with a total of 4.262 published original articles giving a sample of 309 articles. Results: The most of original articles correspond to Cross Sectional design (121), Cases-Controls (68), In vitro (34), Case Series (25), Clinical Trial (13), Cases Review (12), One Case Review (7). In vivo designs, Systematic Review, Correational design, cohort and other (website review, preliminary study, bibliometric analysis, others) were observed remotely. Conclusions: The most widely used design was Cross-Sectional. In second place is Case-Control design and thirdly is the In vitro design. Dental research designs must be improved for better evidence (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Projetos de Pesquisa , Pesquisa em Odontologia/métodos , 50088 , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais/estatística & dados numéricos
4.
Int. j. morphol ; 34(1): 351-355, Mar. 2016. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-780516

RESUMO

El objetivo de esta investigación fue comparar la respuesta tisular en defectos tratados con matriz óseo de origen bovino y humano. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo con 12 conejos en los cuales se confeccionaron dos defectos en la calota craneana de acuerdo a procesos convencionales. Cada defecto fue aleatoriamente rellenado con matriz ósea bovina o con matriz ósea humana; se realizaron evaluaciones histológicas a las 7 y 15 semanas de realizada la cirugía (6 animales en cada grupo). A las 7 semanas se identificó un leve infiltrado inflamatorio y claras diferencias entre el hueso periférico y el sitio injertado, mientras que a las 15 semanas se observo la persistencia de algunas partículas injertadas y la presencia de hueso nuevo formado en el defecto; no se logró identificar diferencias en la secuencia de reparación o retrasos en la misma con ninguno de los dos materiales. Se concluye que ambos materiales son útiles en la regeneración ósea en el presente modelo experimental.


The aim of this research was to compare the tissue response in treated defects with bone matrix with bovine or human origin. Was realized a descriptive study with 12 rabbits where was executed two defects in the skull in relation to conventional techniques. Randomized defects were used to put bone matrix with bovine or human origin; histological exam was realized in the week number 7 and 15 with 6 animals each. At 7 weeks was observed a limited inflammatory infiltrate with clear differences between the peripheral bone and the filled bone and in the 15 weeks of analysis was observed the presence of some particulate of the bone graft beside a new bone into the defect; was not observed any differences in the sequence of repair or delayed in the bovine or human material. It´s concluded that both materials are useful in bone regeneration for this experimental model.


Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Masculino , Bovinos , Coelhos , Materiais Biocompatíveis , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Substitutos Ósseos/uso terapêutico , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Matriz Óssea
5.
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 45(5): 601-9, 2016 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26723497

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to perform a histological analysis of the conditions in patients undergoing surgery for unilateral condylar hyperplasia (UCH) using different histopathological analytical techniques and to describe the complications and existing controversy in order to better define the disease. A partial condylectomy was performed in five patients who had been diagnosed with UCH using clinical and imaging methods. The samples obtained were analyzed using routine histological techniques including haematoxylin-eosin, Van Gieson, picrosirius, alcian blue/haematoxylin-eosin, and AgNOR staining. The analyses were performed by an observer who was blinded to the clinical parameters of the disease. The cellularity, tissue layers, size of the anatomical structures, and the relationships between them were assessed. The analysis of these patients was complemented by a review of the scientific literature. Variability was observed in the analysis of the cases. The presence of connective tissue was detected at the bone level, with cartilage formation at different levels. Each island presented levels of involvement that could indicate various degrees of aggressiveness. Type I collagen was observed in most cases, although type III was also identified. The development of histological diagnostic methods to determine the aggressiveness or level of involvement in UCH is not currently possible. Further studies are needed to establish new histological classifications.


Assuntos
Assimetria Facial/patologia , Assimetria Facial/cirurgia , Côndilo Mandibular/patologia , Côndilo Mandibular/cirurgia , Adolescente , Assimetria Facial/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Hiperplasia/diagnóstico por imagem , Hiperplasia/patologia , Hiperplasia/cirurgia , Masculino , Côndilo Mandibular/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único
6.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(4): 1333-1337, Dec. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-772317

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to assess the morphology of the mesial root canal system of maxillary molars and the frequency of MB2 canals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). A total of 1374 teeth, first maxillary (1MS, n= 802) and second maxillary molars (2SM, n= 572) of 508 Chilean patients between 8 to 77 years were evaluated through CBCT. The mesiobuccal root was evaluated in all three thirds. Root canal morphology was classified according to Vertucci's method. Data were analyzed by Pearson's Chi-square and Cuzick trend tests. MB2 canal frequency in 1MS was 73.44% and in 2MS 42.48%. The most frequent morphology in 1MS and 2MS were Vertucci type II and I, respectively. No statistically significant association was found between frequencies and side or according to gender (P>0.05). A positive association was found as the age increased in both 1MS and 2MS (P<0.001 and P= 0.023, respectively). Given the anatomical complexity of the mesiobuccal root and the frequent presence of the MB2 canal, the clinician must assume the existence of two canals in this root. CBCT scanning is a good way to initially identify this canal in the different root thirds.


Determinar la morfología del sistema de canales de la raíz mesial de molares maxilares y la frecuencia del canal MB2 usando tomografía computadorizada de haz cónico (TCHC). Un total de 1374 dientes, primeros molares maxilares (1MS, n= 802) y segundos molares maxilares (2MS, n= 572) de 508 pacientes Chilenos entre 8 y 77 años fueron evaluados a través de la TCHC. Se evaluó la raíz mesiobucal en todos sus tercio. La clasificación de Vertucci fue utilizada para determinar la morfología del sistema de canales. Los datos fueron analizados con los test Chi-Cuadrado de Pearson y la prueba de tendencia de Cuzick. La frecuencia del canal MB2 para el 1MS fue 73,44% y el 2MS 42,48%. La morfología mas frecuente en el 1MS y 2MS fueron el tipo II y I de Vertucci, respectivamente. No se encontró asociación significativa entre la frecuencia y el lado o sexo (p>0,005). Una asociación positive fue encontrada a medida que aumentaba la edad en ambos 1MS y 2MS (p<0,001 y p= 0,023, respectivamente). Dada la complejidad de la anatomía de la raíz mesiobucal y la frecuente presencia del canal MB2, el clínico debe asumir la existencia de dos canales en esta raíz. La TCHC es una buena manera de identificar tempranamente el canal en los diferentes tercio radiculares.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Dente Molar/diagnóstico por imagem , Raiz Dentária/anatomia & histologia , Raiz Dentária/diagnóstico por imagem , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Maxila
7.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(4): 1483-1486, Dec. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-772342

RESUMO

El objetivo de esta investigación es identificar la relación entre la asimetría facial y la pérdida de contacto en línea mediana entre dientes maxilares y mandibulares. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo en 18 sujetos portadores de asimetría facial que consultaron en la División de Cirugía Oral y Maxilofacial de la Universidad de La Frontera por tratamiento quirúrgico de la asimetría. En todos ellos se evaluó la presencia y grado de la asimetría facial y la presencia y desvío desde la línea mediana facial del punto mediano mandibular y maxilar mediante la prueba estadística t de student considerando un valor de p <0,05; todas las evaluaciones fueron realizadas mediante fotografías 2D de rostro y dientes obtenidas en condiciones estandarizadas. Se identificó que todos los sujetos portadores de asimetría facial presentaron asimetría dentaria; los desvíos dentarios fueron de casi 7 mm y existió relación estadísticamente significativa entre desvío facial y desvío dentario. Se concluye que los sujetos con asimetría dentaria pueden presentar asimetría facial de forma que la evaluación esqueletal del rostro es necesaria para realizar un diagnóstico correcto.


The aim of this research was to find the relation between facial asymmetry and loss of continuity in median line of maxillary and mandibular teeth. A descriptive study was carried out in 18 subjects with facial asymmetry with surgical indication and observed at the Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the Universidad de La Frontera. In all of them the grade of facial asymmetry and the relation in median line of the maxillary and mandibular teeth was evaluated using the t student test considering p value < 0.05; all the evaluations were executed using 2D photography of the face and tooth obtained with standardized conditions. In all the subjects we observed dental asymmetry with almost 7 mm from the median line; statistical relations between dental asymmetry and facial asymmetry. It is concluded that in subjects asking for dental asymmetry treatment a facial evaluation is necessary in view of the relation with skeletal facial deformity.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Assimetria Facial/diagnóstico , Assimetria Facial/patologia , Fotografação/métodos , Estudos Transversais , Má Oclusão/diagnóstico , Má Oclusão/patologia
8.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(4): 1536-1541, Dec. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-772350

RESUMO

Dentofacial deformities present some shades and variations that determine the inclusion of different anatomical components as part of the disease; the aim of this study was to ascertain the nasal characteristics in patients with a Class III dentofacial deformity. A descriptive study was conducted on 20 patients diagnosed with a Class III facial deformity and a surgical indication; frontal and lateral as well as CT images were taken to analyze variables of nasal morphology and deformities associated with the nasal bridge, tip and septum. The results showed that the nasal angles are outside normal parameters and that the basal width of the nose is approximately 3 mm smaller than the intercanthal width; 45% of the subjects have lateral deviations, 50% bridge deformity and 80% septum deviation. It is concluded that there are nasal deformities in subjects with a Class III facial deformity and that this component must be carefully evaluated in the preoperative stage.


Las deformidades dentofaciales presentan algunos matices y variaciones que determinan la inclusión de diferentes componentes anatómicos dentro de la enfermedad; el objetivo de esta investigación es conocer las características de la nariz en pacientes con deformidad dentofacial de clase III. Se desarrollo un estudio descriptivo en 20 pacientes con diagnóstico de deformidad facial declase III e indicación quirúrgica; se estudiaron análisis fotográficos frontales y laterales así como tomografías computadorizadas para analizar variables de morfología nasal y deformidades asociadas al puente nasal, punta nasal y septo nasal. Los resultados demostraron que los ángulos nasales se encuentran fuera de los parámetros de normalidad y que el ancho basal de la nariz es aproximadamente 3 mm menor que el ancho intercantal; el 45% de los sujetos presentó desviación lateral, 50% deformidad del puente nasal y el 80% desvío de septo nasal. Se concluye que existen deformidades nasales en sujetos con deformidad facial de clase III y que este componente debe ser evaluado criteriosamente en la etapa preoperatoria.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Face/anormalidades , Má Oclusão Classe III de Angle , Nariz/anatomia & histologia
9.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(4): 1569-1576, Dec. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-772356

RESUMO

La articulación temporomandibular (ATM) es una articulación sinovial bilateral de tipo ginglimo-artroidal que anatómicamente está conformada por el cóndilo mandibular, fosa mandibular y tubérculo articular. Es necesario tener un acabado conocimiento de la anatomía de la ATM para una correcta comprensión de su funcionamiento. La descripción anatómica de las estructuras óseas presente en la literatura científica, y que componen la ATM, no es del todo exacta, con diversas diferencias sobre la delimitación del cóndilo mandibular, las fisuras presentes en la fosa mandibular y las superficies articulares de la fosa mandibular y tubérculo articular, así como una amplia variabilidad de términos para referirse a cada estructura anatómica. Se realizó una revisión sistemática de textos y artículos científicos sobre la descripción anatómica de los componentes óseos de la ATM y los términos para referirse a ellos, comparándolos con los términos establecidos por la Terminología Anatómica Internacional.


The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a ginglymus-arthrodial bilateral synovial joint, anatomically composed by the mandibular condyle, mandibular fossa and articular tubercle. It is necessary to have a perfect knowledge of the anatomy of the TMJ for a proper understanding of its function. The anatomical description of bony structures of the TMJ present in the scientific literature is not entirely accurate, with several differences on the delimitation of the mandibular condyle, the limits of the articular surfaces, the fissures present in the mandibular fossa. In addition, there is a wide variability of terms for each anatomical structure. A review of textbooks and scientific articles was performed, about the anatomical description of the bony components of the TMJ and terms to refer to them, compared with the terms established by the Anatomical Terminology.


Assuntos
Humanos , Anatomia/normas , Mandíbula/anatomia & histologia , Articulação Temporomandibular/anatomia & histologia , Terminologia como Assunto , Côndilo Mandibular/anatomia & histologia
10.
Int. j. morphol ; 33(3): 1146-1150, Sept. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-762600

RESUMO

Electrical stimulation has been used in different conditions for tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to analyze the tissue response of defects created in rabbit skulls to electrical stimulation. Two groups were formed, each with 9 New Zealand rabbits; two 5 mm defects were made, one in each parietal, with one being randomly filled with autogenous bone extracted as particles and the other maintained only with blood clotting. The rabbits were euthanized at 8 weeks and 15 weeks to then study the samples collected histologically. In the 8-week analysis bone formation was observed in the defects in the test and control filled with bone graft, whereas the defects with clotting presented a very early stage of bone formation with abundant connective tissue. At 15 weeks an advanced stage of bone regeneration was identified in the defects with bone graft, whereas no significant differences were found in the electrically stimulated defects. In conclusion, electrical stimulus does not alter the sequence of bone formation; new studies could help establish patterns and influences of the stimulus on bone regeneration.


La estimulación eléctrica ha sido empleada en diferentes condiciones para la regeneración de tejidos. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la respuesta tisular de defectos creados en cráneo de conejos a la estimulación eléctrica. Se formaron 2 grupos con 9 conejos de raza New Zealand cada uno; en ellos se realizaron dos defectos de 5 mm, uno en cada parietal, siendo aleatoriamente uno rellenado con el propio hueso autógeno extraído en forma de partículas y el otro mantenido solo con coagulo sanguíneo; se realizó la eutanasia a las 8 semanas y a las 15 semanas para luego estudiar histológicamente las muestras recolectadas. En el análisis de 8 semanas se observó formación ósea en los defectos test y control rellenados con injerto óseo mientras que los defectos con coagulo presentaron un estado muy precoz de formación ósea, observándose abundante tejido conectivo. A las 15 semanas se identificó un estado avanzado de regeneración ósea en los defectos con injerto óseo, donde no se apreció diferencias importantes en los defectos estimulados eléctricamente. Se concluye que el estimulo eléctrico no altera la secuencia de formación ósea; nuevos estudios podrían contribuir a establecer patrones e influencias del estimulo eléctrico en la regeneración ósea.


Assuntos
Animais , Coelhos , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Terapia por Estimulação Elétrica/métodos , Crânio/patologia , Crânio/cirurgia , Transplante Ósseo , Fatores de Tempo
11.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 31(4): 273-281, jul.-ago. 2015. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-139742

RESUMO

El desarrollo de la sexualidad es imprescindible para lograr un estado de salud integral en un individuo. El sistema estomatognático participa activamente en el desarrollo pleno y armónico de ésta, por lo que patologías como la caries dental y enfermedad periodontal, y la consecuente pérdida de dientes afectan el aspecto físico, psicológico y social de quien las padece. El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar si la caries dental, la enfermedad periodontal o pérdida de dientes afectan los rasgos afectivo, creativo y comunicacional en la sexualidad femenina. La muestra se constituyó por 86 mujeres de entre 18 y 40 años, quienes presentaban caries dental, enfermedad periodontal o pérdida de dientes, a quienes se les realizó el examen oral confirmando el diagnóstico. A todo el grupo se aplicó una encuesta de 15 preguntas desarrolladas para este estudio. Se observó que la presencia de signos y síntomas como halitosis, falta de dientes y alteraciones en la estética influyen en la sexualidad de la mujer, afecciones que aumentan al progresar la severidad de estas patologías. Dado el diseño y las condiciones del presente estudio, los resultados indican que la caries dental y enfermedad periodontal, así como sus consecuencias, tienen relación con las alteraciones en la sexualidad femenina, por lo que sería de gran importancia considerar estas patologías al momento de crear programas de salud bucal enfocándose en la salud integral de la mujer (AU)


The development of sexuality is essential to achieve an integral health state in the individual. The stomatognathic system is actively involved in the full and harmonious development of the person, so diseases such as dental caries and periodontal disease and subsequent tooth loss affect the physical, psychological and social aspect of the patient. The purpose of this research was to determine whether dental caries, periodontal disease or tooth loss affect the emotional, creative and communicative traits of female sexuality. The sample consisted of 86 women between 18 and 40 who had dental caries, periodontal disease or tooth loss, who underwent oral examination to confirm the diagnosis. A survey of 15 questions developed for this study was applied to the whole group. It was observed that the presence of signs and symptoms such as halitosis, missing teeth and cosmetic alterations influence the sexuality of women, increasing with the progression of the severity of these pathologies. Given the design and the conditions of this study, the results indicate that dental caries and periodontal disease and its consequences, are related to changes in female sexuality, so it would be very important to consider these pathologies to create oral health programs and to focus on the overall health of women (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Cárie Dentária/psicologia , Doenças Periodontais/psicologia , Sexualidade/psicologia , Perda de Dente/psicologia , Halitose/psicologia , Qualidade de Vida
12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26088324

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Fourth molars are supernumerary teeth located distal to the third molars that may cause local alterations. Therefore an adequate diagnosis and treatment are essential. Removal of the supernumerary tooth and, in selected cases, maintenance of the tooth on the arch and frequent observation are the preferred treatments. If the extraction is recommended, it should be performed carefully by experienced oral surgeons to prevent damage to the anatomical structures. OBSERVATION: The oral examination of a 26-year-old woman revealed a left partially impacted mandibular molar responsible for pain and infection. Although it was assumed it was a third molar, the panoramic radiograph showed that the real third molar was completely impacted and that two partially impacted mandibular fourth molars were present bilaterally. Both of them were removed without complications and the left third molar was extracted after fragmentation to avoid any injury of the contiguous inferior alveolar nerve. DISCUSSION: The extraction of the left fourth molars solved the pain. Even if the right fourth molar was asymptomatic, the patient accepted its extraction because of the evident radiographical pericoronitis and to avoid further complications. "Asymptomatic" does not mean absence of disease, but the patient's consent is mandatory before any decision.


Assuntos
Extração Dentária , Dente Impactado/cirurgia , Dente Supranumerário/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Dente Serotino/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Serotino/cirurgia , Radiografia Panorâmica , Dente Impactado/complicações , Dente Impactado/diagnóstico por imagem , Dente Supranumerário/complicações , Dente Supranumerário/diagnóstico por imagem
13.
Int J Morphol ; 33(3): 1146-1150, 2015 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27840552

RESUMO

Electrical stimulation has been used in different conditions for tissue regeneration. The aim of this study was to analyze the tissue response of defects created in rabbit skulls to electrical stimulation. Two groups were formed, each with 9 New Zealand rabbits; two 5 mm defects were made, one in each parietal, with one being randomly filled with autogenous bone extracted as particles and the other maintained only with blood clotting. The rabbits were euthanized at 8 weeks and 15 weeks to then study the samples collected histologically. In the 8-week analysis bone formation was observed in the defects in the test and control filled with bone graft, whereas the defects with clotting presented a very early stage of bone formation with abundant connective tissue. At 15 weeks an advanced stage of bone regeneration was identified in the defects with bone graft, whereas no significant differences were found in the electrically stimulated defects. In conclusion, electrical stimulus does not alter the sequence of bone formation; new studies could help establish patterns and influences of the stimulus on bone regeneration.

14.
Int. j. morphol ; 32(2): 671-677, jun. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: lil-714327

RESUMO

Information regarding the anatomy of the physiological apical foramen is limited. Knowing its diameter and shapes contributes to clinical work, specifically to the cleaning and shaping of the apical third. The aim of this ex vivo study was to determine the minimum and maximum diameters and shape of the physiological apical foramen in the roots of maxillary and mandibular first molars. A descriptive study was conducted on 89 recently extracted first molars. Roots 3-5 mm from the apex were sectioned and prepared for analysis at 40x magnification. The minimum and maximum diameters of each physiological foramen were measured using the program Motic Images plus 2.0 ML. The shape of the foramina, classified as round, oval or irregular, was determined by the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters. A total of 174 physiological foramina were analyzed. The average of the minimum and maximum diameters was between 0.24-0.33 mm in maxillary first molars and between 0.25-0.33 mm in mandibular first molars. In maxillary molars, the most common shape of the foramen was oval (50%), then irregular (32%), then round (18%). In mandibular molars, the oval shape was also the most frequent (59%), followed by irregular (23%) and round (18%). The findings of this study regarding the morphology of physiological apical foramina in first molars make it easier for the operator to choose the appropriately-sized instruments to perform endodontic therapy successfully.


La información relacionada a la anatomía del foramen fisiológico apical es limitada. Conocer su diámetro y forma contribuye al trabajo clínico, específicamente en los procedimientos de limpieza y conformación del tercio apical. El objetivo de este estudio ex vivo fue determinar los diámetros menor, mayor y la forma del foramen fisiológico apical en las raíces de primeros molares maxilares y mandibulares. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo sobre 89 primeros molares recientemente extraídos. Se seccionaron las raíces a 3­5 mm del ápice y fueron preparadas para su análisis bajo magnificación de 40X. Se midieron los diámetros mayor y menor de cada foramen fisiológico mediante el programa Motic Images plus 2.0 ML. La forma de los forámenes fue determinada de acuerdo a la diferencia entre diámetro mayor y menor, clasificándose como redondo, oval o irregular. Un total de 174 forámenes fisiológicos fueron analizados. El promedio del diámetro menor y mayor fue entre 0,24­0,33 mm en primeros molares maxilares y entre 0,25­0,33 mm en primeros molares mandibulares. En molares maxilares, la forma del foramen más común fue la oval (50%), luego irregular (32%) y redonda (18%). En molares mandibulares, la forma oval también fue la más frecuente (59%), seguida por la irregular (23%) y redonda (18%). Los hallazgos de este estudio en relación a morfología de los forámenes fisiológicos apicales en primeros molares, permite al operador facilitar la elección de instrumentos del calibre adecuado para realizar con éxito la terapia endodóntica.


Assuntos
Humanos , Ápice Dentário/anatomia & histologia , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Mandíbula , Maxila
15.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 30(1): 11-22, ene.-feb. 2014. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-120680

RESUMO

Introducción: El primer molar maxilar (1MM) presenta la mayor variación morfológica en sus canales radiculares, así como tasa de fracaso postratamiento endodóntico. Entre las principales causas de fracaso, está la falta de localización del canal mesiovestibular secundario (MB2). El objetivo de esta revisión sistemática fue determinar el porcentaje de detección del MB2 del 1MM en estudios in vivo e in vitro o ex vivo utilizando diferentes técnicas de detección. Material y método: Se realizó una búsqueda en las bases de datos MEDLINE-PubMed, Web of Knowledge y SciELO desde el 1 de enero de 1980. Se seleccionaron estudios realizados en humanos que evaluaran la visualización del MB2. Se incluyó literatura en inglés y español, abarcando estudios de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados, multicéntricos prospectivos, estudios retrospectivos, series de casos y estudios descriptivos. Además, se evaluó su calidad metodológica. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 35 artículos. En estudios in vitro los mayores porcentajes de detección se obtienen con microscopios óptico (100%) y endodóntico (ME) (92,3%), Tomografía Computarizada de Haz de Cono (TCHC) (92%), y microtomografía computarizada (90-80%). En estudios in vivo, fueron con ME (73,2%) y TCHC (70,5%), así como métodos combinados utilizando magnificación y ultrasonido (70,2%). Todos los artículos mostraron un nivel de evidencia 1B. Discusión: La prevalencia del canal MB2 reportada en la literatura varía según la técnica de detección y el tipo de estudio. Se recomienda utilizar técnicas especializadas como ME, TCHC o ultrasonido para detectar el MB2 y mejorar las tasas de éxito del tratamiento endodóntico del 1MM (AU)


Introduction: First maxillary molar (1MM) presents the greatest morphological variation in root canals and endodontic posttreatment failure rate. Among the major causes of failure is the lack of secondary mesiobuccal canal (MB2) location. The aim of this systematic review was to determine the percentage of MB2 detection in 1MM on in vivo and in vitro studies using different techniques. Methods: An electronic MEDLINE-PubMed, Web of Knowledge and SciELO search complemented by manual searching was conducted up to january 1980. Human studies evaluating the MB2 detection, in English and Spanish language, and randomized clinical trials, prospective cohort, retrospective, case series and descriptive studies, were considered for inclusion. Additionally, assessment of their methodological quality was evaluated. Results: Thirty-five articles were included. In vitro studies obtained higher detection rates with optical (100%) and endodontic microscopes (EM) (92.3%), Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) (92%), and computed microtomography (90-80%). On in vivo studies were obtained with EM (73.2%), CBCT (70.5%) and combined methods using magnification and ultrasound (70.2%). All articles showed a 1B level of evidence. Discussion: The prevalence of MB2 canal reported in the literature varies according to detection technique and study type. Specialized techniques as ME, CBCT or ultrasound are recommended to detect the MB2 and improve success rates of 1MM endodontic treatment (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Cavidade Pulpar/anatomia & histologia , Raiz Dentária/anatomia & histologia , Variação Anatômica , Microscopia/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos
16.
Int J Morphol ; 32(2): 671-677, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25937698

RESUMO

Information regarding the anatomy of the physiological apical foramen is limited. Knowing its diameter and shapes contributes to clinical work, specifically to the cleaning and shaping of the apical third. The aim of this ex vivo study was to determine the minimum and maximum diameters and shape of the physiological apical foramen in the roots of maxillary and mandibular first molars. A descriptive study was conducted on 89 recently extracted first molars. Roots 3-5 mm from the apex were sectioned and prepared for analysis at 40× magnification. The minimum and maximum diameters of each physiological foramen were measured using the program Motic Images plus 2.0 ML. The shape of the foramina, classified as round, oval or irregular, was determined by the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters. A total of 174 physiological foramina were analyzed. The average of the minimum and maximum diameters was between 0.24-0.33 mm in maxillary first molars and between 0.25-0.33 mm in mandibular first molars. In maxillary molars, the most common shape of the foramen was oval (50%), then irregular (32%), then round (18%). In mandibular molars, the oval shape was also the most frequent (59%), followed by irregular (23%) and round (18%). The findings of this study regarding the morphology of physiological apical foramina in first molars make it easier for the operator to choose the appropriately-sized instruments to perform endodontic therapy successfully.

17.
Rom J Morphol Embryol ; 54(3 Suppl): 879-84, 2013.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24322044

RESUMO

Dens invaginatus (DI) is a dental anomaly originated from invagination of the enamel organ into the dental papilla, during odontogenesis. DI may be associated with other abnormalities such as dysmorphic mesiodens, and this unusual condition may be detected by chance on the conventional radiography. However, the three-dimensional nature and the exact morphological patterns of DI are impossible to appreciate from this method. We present a morphological study of impacted mesiodens in a 9-year-old girl, which the three coronal invaginations were detected only by Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) in the pre-surgical examination. CBCT, radiographic and microscopic reproductions allow transfer of images to facilitate cooperation of working groups, examination as well as for teaching purposes.


Assuntos
Dens in Dente/patologia , Dente Impactado/patologia , Criança , Dens in Dente/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador , Radiografia Panorâmica , Dente Impactado/diagnóstico por imagem
18.
Int. j. morphol ; 31(3): 1130-1136, set. 2013. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-695012

RESUMO

El conocimiento estructural y dimensional de las suturas palatinas es necesario para el tratamiento temprano de deficiencias transversales y longitudinales por técnicas de expansión o distracción osteogénica (DO). El objetivo fue estudiar el estado de las suturas palatinas y los cambios cambios dimensionales y morfológicos desde el nacimiento a la niñez. Fueron analizados 41 paladares óseos de ambos sexos entre 0 y 13 años, agrupándolos en recién nacidos (RN/n=17), infantes (IN/n=12) y niños (NI/n=12). Se fotografió cada paladar y se marcaron puntos craneométricos para determinar las dimensiones longitudinales y transversales de las suturas palatinas mediana premaxilar (SPPMX), mediana anterior (SPMA), posterior (SPMP), transversa anterior (SPTA) y transversa posterior (SPTP). Además se evaluó el estado sutural y dimorfismo sexual. Los resultados se sometieron a las pruebas OneWay-ANOVA, Bonferroni y t-test. Las suturas SPMA, SPMP y SPTP no presentaron sinostosis. La SPPMX se observo parcialmente sinostosada en 5,9 por ciento de RN y 16,7 por ciento de NI, y la SPTA en 8,3 por ciento de IN y 41,7 por ciento de NI. Al comparar la longitud sutural en los tres grupos, las dimensiones longitudinales estadísticamente significativas en todos los grupos (p<0,001). No hubieron diferencias en las suturas transversales entre IN y NI (p=0,32). Se observó dimorfismo en IN entre las SPMA y SPTP. El sistema sutural palatino juega un rol importante durante el crecimiento por su disposición sagital y transversal, permitiendo un crecimiento bidireccional del paladar. El crecimiento longitudinal es constante, mientras que el transversal muestra un peak hasta los 2 primeros años de vida y luego disminuye, sugiriendo la existencia de diferentes potenciales de crecimiento. Estas observaciones podrían explicar la alta prevalencia de alteraciones de crecimiento transversal en los niños...


Structural and dimensional knowledge of palatal sutures are necessary for early treatment of deficiencies by transverse and longitudinal expansion techniques or distraction osteogenesis (DO). The aim was to study the status and dimensional or morphological changes of palatal sutures from birth to childhood. Forty one bony palates of both sexes, between 0 and 13 yearsandgrouped in newborns (NB/n = 17), infants (IN/n = 12) and children (CH/n=12) were analyzed. All palates were photographed and craniometrics points were scored to determine the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the palatal sutures: premaxillary (PMX), anterior midpalatal suture (AMPS), posterior midpalatal suture (PMPS), anterior transverse palatal suture (ATPS) and posterior transverse palatal suture (PTPS). In addition, we evaluated the sutural and sexual dimorphism. The results were subjected to tests OneWay - ANOVAandBonferroni t-test. AMPS, PMPS and PTPS no showed synostosis. PMX was observed partially sinostosed in 5.9% of NB and 16.7% of CH, and ATPS in 8.3% of IN and 41.7% of CH. When comparing the sutural length between groups, the differences were significant in all cases (p <0.001). There were no differences in transverse sutures between IN and CH groups (p=0.32). Sexual dimorphism wasobserved between AMPS and PTPS groups. The palatal suture system plays an important role during growth by sagittal and transverse available, allowing bidirectional growth of the palate. Longitudinal growth is constant, while the cross shows a peak until the first 2 years of life and then decreases, suggesting the existence of different potentials growth. These observations may explain the high prevalence of abnormal transverse growth in children...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Feminino , Recém-Nascido , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Palato Duro/anatomia & histologia , Palato Duro/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Suturas Cranianas/anatomia & histologia , Suturas Cranianas/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estudos Transversais , Osteogênese por Distração , Palato Duro/cirurgia
19.
Av. odontoestomatol ; 29(1): 31-36, ene.-feb. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-111585

RESUMO

Introducción: La morfología del sistema de canales radiculares es compleja y variable. El primer molar maxilar permanente presenta habitualmente un segundo canal en la raíz mesiobucal (MB2). Su falta de localización y total desbridamiento, es la principal causa de fracaso terapéutico. El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia in vivo del canal MB2 en la raíz mesiovestibular de primeros molares maxilares mediante tomografía computarizada de haz de cono (TCHC). Material y método: Se examinaron imágenes TCHC de primeros molares maxilares, izquierdos y derechos, en ambos sexos. Se excluyeron las raíces con canales radiculares tratados endodónticamente o con postes, rehabilitados mediante prótesis fija, calcificación de canales, evidencia de radectomía o cirugía periapical. Fueron seleccionadas 32 imágenes TCHC. En todos los casos, se realizó un estudio sistemático de la raíz mesiobucal a través de cortes en el plano axial. Resultados: Se observó una prevalencia del 68,75% del canal MB2. No se encontraron diferencias según sexo o lateralidad. El promedio de edad fue de 25,31 años de edad. Discusión: La alta prevalencia encontrada del canal MB2, debe ser considerada antes de establecer un tratamiento de endodoncia para lograr un resultado óptimo y evitar el fracaso terapéutico. La TCHC es una herramienta útil para su detección, y presenta alta sensibilidad (AU)


Introduction: The morphology of the root canal system is complex and variable. The first permanent maxillary molar has usually a second canal in the mesiobuccal root (MB2). Its location and total lack of debridement, is the leading cause of treatment failure. The objective was to determine in vivo the prevalence of MB2 canal in mesiobuccal root of maxillary first molars using Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods: CBCT images of first maxillary molars, left and right, in both sexes, were reviewed. We excluded roots endodontically treated or with posts, rehabilitated with a fixed prosthesis, calcified canals, evidence of root resection or pericapical surgery. 32 first molars were selected. In all cases, we performed a systematic study of the mesiobuccal root through cuts in the axial plane. Results: There was a prevalence of 68.75% of MB2 canal. There were no differences by sex or laterality. The average age was 25.31 years old. Discussion: The high prevalence found MB2 canal should be considered before establishing a root canal treatment to achieve optimal results and avoid treatment failure. The CBCT is a useful tool for detection, and has high sensitivity (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Cavidade Pulpar/anatomia & histologia , Raiz Dentária/anatomia & histologia , Dente Molar/anatomia & histologia , Preparo de Canal Radicular/métodos
20.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-651887

RESUMO

La variada posición anatómica de los terceros molares mandibulares presenta importantes desafíos asociados a su profundidad y grado de inclinación. Las complicaciones más habituales del procedimiento quirúrgico convencional de extracción se relacionan con la extensa osteotomía y poca visualización del sitio quirúrgico, que pueden generar consecuencias post-quirúrgicas como inflamación, dolor, trismus, lesiones reversibles e irreversibles del nervio alveolar inferior (NAI) o nervio lingual, riesgo de fractura y formación de defectos periodontales del segundo molar. La implementación de soportes rígidos en la óptica endoscópica ha permitido utilizar esta tecnología para realizar abordajes mínimamente invasivos para remover terceros molares mediante accesos flapless con una mínima osteotomía de la zona oclusal, conservando la pared bucal y lingual a través de la visualización directa y magnificada del sitio quirúrgico, adaptable a los movimientos del paciente durante la intervención. En este reporte se presenta un nuevo procedimiento quirúrgico mínimamente invasivo a través de asistencia endoscópica para la conservación ósea en la remoción de terceros molares mandibulares con riesgo de lesión del nervio alveolar inferior.


Anatomic variability of the position of mandibular third molars represents significant challenges associated with its depth and angulation. The most common complications of conventional surgical procedure are related to extensive osteotomy and poor visualization, which can cause postsurgical effects such as inflammation, pain, trismus, reversible and irreversible lesions of the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) or lingual nerve, fracture risk and formation of a deep periodontal defect on the distal aspect of the second molar. The implementation of rigid endoscopy in optics has allowed to use this technology via a minimally invasive approach to remove third molars by a minimally occlusal flapless ostectomy, preserving the buccal and lingual walls through direct and magnified visualization of the surgical site, adaptable to the patient’s movements during the surgery. In this report, we present a new and minimally invasive procedure through endoscopic assistance for bone conservation in the removal of third molars at risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury.


Assuntos
Feminino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Endoscopia/métodos , Extração Dentária/métodos , Dente Serotino/cirurgia , Dente Impactado/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Minimamente Invasivos , Mandíbula/cirurgia , Osteotomia/métodos , Traumatismos do Nervo Trigêmeo/prevenção & controle
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