La dinámica de las tecnologías de la información y el conocimiento, en la Educación Física

Se considera una necesidad, la de promover una nueva imagen de la Educación Física escolar desde el acompañamiento de las tecnologías de la información y el conocimiento, al considerar su esencia informativa, interactiva, comunicativa y su carácter polémico y activo-renovador que proveen a las actividades físico-deportivas de una gran vitalidad en el contexto del aprendizaje del ejercicio físico. Por lo que se propone como objetivo elaborar una estructura metodológica, desde la relación tecnológica-cognitiva-motora, en función de la dinámica de la interacción del escolar con el conocimiento teórico de la Educación Física mediado por el uso de las tecnologías de la información y el conocimiento, en el segundo ciclo de la Educación Primaria. Como resultado, se generó una herramienta didáctica para estimular el conocimiento teórico en la Educación Física, así como el diseño de espacios para su uso como modelo de aprendizaje, encaminado a lograr un equilibrio entre lo tecnológico, lo cognitivo y lo motor en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje. Se emplearon como métodos teóricos el análisis-síntesis y la inducción-deducción, empíricos la observación, la encuesta y la entrevistas y el método matemático-estadístico-descriptivo. Se concluye que la apropiación del conocimiento teórico en un espacio interactivo mediado por herramientas informáticas tuvo un efecto positivo en el aprendizaje del ejercicio físico en los escolares, pues fortaleció el aprendizaje desarrollador e integrador durante el proceso.

SÍNTESE É considerada uma necessidade de promover uma nova imagem da Educação Física escolar a partir do acompanhamento das tecnologias da informação e do conhecimento, considerando a sua essência informativa, interactiva, comunicativa e o seu carácter polémico e activo-renovador que proporcionam às actividades físico-desportivas uma grande vitalidade no contexto da aprendizagem do exercício físico. Portanto, o objectivo é elaborar uma estrutura metodológica, a partir da relação técnico-cognitivo-motora, baseada na dinâmica da interacção do aluno com o conhecimento teórico da Educação Física mediada pela utilização das tecnologias da informação e do conhecimento, no segundo ciclo do Ensino Primário. Como resultado, foi gerada uma ferramenta didáctica para estimular o conhecimento teórico em Educação Física, bem como a concepção de espaços para a sua utilização como modelo de aprendizagem, visando alcançar um equilíbrio entre os aspectos tecnológicos, cognitivos e motores no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. Os métodos teóricos utilizados foram a análise-síntese e indução-dedução, os métodos empíricos foram a observação, o inquérito e as entrevistas, e o método matemático-estatístico-descritivo. Conclui-se que a apropriação de conhecimentos teóricos num espaço interactivo mediado por instrumentos informáticos teve um efeito positivo na aprendizagem do exercício físico nas crianças em idade escolar, uma vez que reforçou a aprendizagem desenvolvimentista e integradora durante o processo.

It is considered a necessity to promote a new image of school Physical Education from the accompaniment of information and knowledge technologies, considering its informative, interactive, communicative essence and its controversial and active-renovating character that they provide to the physical-sporting activities of great vitality in the context of learning physical exercise. Therefore, the objective is to develop a methodological structure, from the technological-cognitive-motor relationship, based on the dynamics of the interaction of the school with the theoretical knowledge of Physical Education mediated by the use of information technologies and knowledge, in the second cycle of Primary Education. As a result, a didactic tool was generated to stimulate theoretical knowledge in Physical Education, as well as the design of spaces for use as a learning model, aimed at achieving a balance between the technological, the cognitive and the motor in the teaching-learning process. Analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction were used as theoretical methods, empirical observation, survey and interviews, as well as the mathematical-statistical-descriptive method. It is concluded that the appropriation of theoretical knowledge in an interactive space mediated by computer tools had a positive effect on the learning of physical exercise in schoolchildren, since it strengthened developer and integrative learning during the process.

A multidisciplinary approach and implementation of a specialized hemorrhage control team improves outcomes for placenta accreta spectrum.

INTRODUCTION: The main complication of placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is massive bleeding. Endoarterial occlusion techniques have been incorporated into the management of this pathology. Our aim was to examine the endovascular practice patterns among PAS patients treated during a 9-year period in a low-middle income country in which an interdisciplinary group's technical skills were improved with the creation of a PAS team. METHODOLOGY: A retrospective cohort study including all PAS patients treated from December 2011 to November 2020 was performed. We compared the clinical results obtained according to the type of endovascular device used (group 1, internal iliac artery occlusion balloons; group 2, resuscitative endovascular balloons of the aorta; group 3, no arterial balloons due to low risk of bleeding) and according to the year in which they were attended (reflects the PAS team level of experience). A fourth group of comparisons included the woman diagnosed during a cesarean delivery and treated in a nonprotocolized way. RESULTS: A total of 113 patients were included. The amount of blood loss decreased annually, with a median of 2,500 mL in 2014 (when endovascular occlusion balloons were used in all patients) and 1,394 mL in 2020 (when only 38.5% of the patients required arterial balloons). Group 3 patients (n = 16) had the lowest bleeding volume (1,245 mL) and operative time (173 minutes) of the entire population studied. Group 2 patients (n = 46) had a bleeding volume (mean, 1,700 mL) and transfusions frequency (34.8%) slightly lower than group 1 patients (n = 30) (mean of 2,000 mL and 50%, respectively). They also had lower hysterectomy frequency (63% vs. 76.7% in group 1) and surgical time (205 minutes vs. 275 in group 1) despite a similar frequency of confirmed PAS and S2 compromise. CONCLUSION: Endovascular techniques used for bleeding control in PAS patients are less necessary as interdisciplinary groups improve their surgical and teamwork skills. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic care management, level III.

Characterization of maize spermine synthase 1 (ZmSPMS1): Evidence for dimerization and intracellular location.

Polyamines are ubiquitous positively charged metabolites that play an important role in wide fundamental cellular processes; because of their importance, the homeostasis of these amines is tightly regulated. Spermine synthase catalyzes the formation of polyamine spermine, which is necessary for growth and development in higher eukaryotes. Previously, we reported a stress inducible spermine synthase 1 (ZmSPMS1) gene from maize. The ZmSPMS1 enzyme differs from their dicot orthologous by a C-terminal extension, which contains a degradation PEST sequence involved in its turnover. Herein, we demonstrate that ZmSPMS1 protein interacts with itself in split yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assays. A Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation (BiFC) assay revealed that ZmSPMS1 homodimer has a cytoplasmic localization. In order to gain a better understanding about ZmSPMS1 interaction, two deletion constructs of ZmSPMS1 protein were obtained. The ΔN-ZmSPMS1 version, where the first 74 N-terminal amino acids were eliminated, showed reduced capability of dimer formation, whereas the ΔC-ZmSPMS1 version, lacking the last 40 C-terminal residues, dramatically abated the ZmSPMS1-ZmSPMS1 protein interaction. Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli of ZmSPMS1 derived versions revealed that deletion of its N-terminal domain affected the spermine biosynthesis, whereas C-terminal ZmSPMS1 truncated version fail to generate this polyamine. These data suggest that N- and C-terminal domains of ZmSPMS1 play a role in a functional homodimer.

Thermospermine catabolism increases Arabidopsis thaliana resistance to Pseudomonas viridiflava.

This work investigated the roles of the tetraamine thermospermine (TSpm) by analysing its contribution to Arabidopsis basal defence against the biotrophic bacterium Pseudomonas viridiflava. The participation of polyamine oxidases (PAOs) in TSpm homeostasis and TSpm-mediated defence was also investigated. Exogenous supply of TSpm, as well as ectopic expression of the TSpm biosynthetic gene ACL5, increased Arabidopsis Col-0 resistance to P. viridiflava, while null acl5 mutants were less resistant than Col-0 plants. The above-mentioned increase in resistance was blocked by the PAO inhibitor SL-11061, thus demonstrating the participation of TSpm oxidation. Analysis of PAO genes expression in transgenic 35S::ACL5 and Col-0 plants supplied with TSpm suggests that PAO 1, 3, and 5 are the main PAOs involved in TSpm catabolism. In summary, TSpm exhibited the potential to perform defensive functions previously reported for its structural isomer Spm, and the relevance of these findings is discussed in the context of ACL5 expression and TSpm concentration in planta. Moreover, this work demonstrates that manipulation of TSpm metabolism modifies plant resistance to pathogens.

Acceso vascular inusual para cateterismo cardiaco en pacientes con cardiopatía congénita compleja: reporte de un caso(AU) / Unusual vascular access for cardiac catheterization in patients with complex congenital heart disease

La obtención del acceso vascular es fundamental en la realización de diferentes procedimientos de cateterismo cardíaco. Los cateterismos a repetición y las cirugías cardíacas múltiples pueden resultar en una marcada incidencia de pérdida de estos sitios de acceso, razón por la cual, en algunas oportunidades, es necesario el uso de técnicas no convencionales. Se reporta el caso de un paciente de un año de edad en quien fue necesario el abordaje retroperitoneal de la arteria ilíaca común.

Obtaining vascular access is essential in the realization of different cardiac catheterization procedures. The recurrent catheterizations and multiple cardiac surgeries may result in marked incidence of loss of these access sites, which is why sometimes it is necessary to use unconventional techniques. We report the case of a one year old patient that necessitated the retroperitoneal approach of the common iliac artery.

Perturbation of spermine synthase gene expression and transcript profiling provide new insights on the role of the tetraamine spermine in Arabidopsis defense against Pseudomonas viridiflava.

The role of the tetraamine spermine in plant defense against pathogens was investigated by using the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)-Pseudomonas viridiflava pathosystem. The effects of perturbations of plant spermine levels on susceptibility to bacterial infection were evaluated in transgenic plants (35S::spermine synthase [SPMS]) that overexpressed the SPMS gene and accumulated spermine, as well as in spms mutants with low spermine levels. The former exhibited higher resistance to P. viridiflava than wild-type plants, while the latter were more susceptible. Exogenous supply of spermine to wild-type plants also increased disease resistance. Increased resistance provided by spermine was partly counteracted by the polyamine oxidase inhibitor SL-11061, demonstrating that the protective effect of spermine partly depends on its oxidation. In addition, global changes in gene expression resulting from perturbations of spermine levels were analyzed by transcript profiling 35S::SPMS-9 and spms-2 plants. Overexpression of 602 genes was detected in 35S::SPMS-9 plants, while 312 genes were down-regulated, as compared to the wild type. In the spms-2 line, 211 and 158 genes were up- and down-regulated, respectively. Analysis of gene ontology term enrichment demonstrated that many genes overexpressed only in 35S::SPMS-9 participate in pathogen perception and defense responses. Notably, several families of disease resistance genes, transcription factors, kinases, and nucleotide- and DNA/RNA-binding proteins were overexpressed in this line. Thus, a number of spermine-responsive genes potentially involved in resistance to P. viridiflava were identified. The obtained results support the idea that spermine contributes to plant resistance to P. viridiflava.

[Right iliac fossa pain and Alvarado Score]. / Dolor en fosa ilíaca derecha y Score de Alvarado.

INTRODUCTION: Unsuspected or undiagnosed acute appendicitis could progress to a perforation or could lead to the removal of a normal appendix. OBJECTIVES: using a clinical score system as a diagnostic tool for this pathology and can decrease negative appendectomies. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Prospective and protocolized study. SETTING: National Clinicas Hospital. Córdoba. Argentina. Between May 2007 and June 2007 224 patients were studied of which 117 were male and 107 were female with a mean age of 26.65 years. An Alvarado score was performed on all patients on admission. Based on the clinical evidence and a second assessment with the Alvarado Score, surgical exploration was decided in 207 patients. The remaining 17 were excluded due to other pathology. The diagnosis of acute appendicitis was confirmed by surgical finding and histopathological studies. RESULTS: In the surgical findings it was shown that 189 (91%) patients had acute appendicitis. There was no surgical mortality. As regards morbidity, 3.86% had medical and 27% had surgical complications. The histopathology reports showed a normal caecal appendix in 18. Whereas the incidence of negative appendicectomy was about 8.69%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of the Alvarado Score together with the surgical and histopathology findings confirmed it was sensitive from 6 points for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Endogenous free polyamines and their role in fruit set of low and high parthenocarpic ability citrus cultivars.

Endogenous free polyamines (PAs), putrescine, spermidine and spermine, from developing fruitlets of Citrus species (Citrus unshiu Marc. and Citrus clementina Hort ex Tanaka) which differ in their parthenocarpic ability, and from uniflowered leafy and leafless inflorescences differing in their ability to set, have been determined by dansylation and separation of dansyl derivatives by HPLC. No significant differences in PAs content were observed between species or between leafy and leafless inflorescences which, nevertheless, significantly differed in fruit set. However, significant differences in their content were found in developing fruitlets, depending on the preceding flowering intensity of the tree and on the fruitlet load. These results suggest that, in Citrus, PAs may act as a nitrogen source rather than a regulator of fruit set.

Utilización del Score de Alvarado en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda / Use of Alvarados socre for the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis

La apendicitis aguda no sospechada y diagnosticada puede evolucionar hacia la perforación, o por el contrario conduce a la remoción de un apéndice normal. Objetivo del trabajo: la utilización de un sistema de Score, desde un punto de vista clínico, para el diagnóstico de esta patología y lograr disminuir las apendicectomías negativas

Utilización del Score de Alvarado en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda / Use of Alvarado's socre for the early diagnosis of acute appendicitis

La apendicitis aguda no sospechada y diagnosticada puede evolucionar hacia la perforación, o por el contrario conduce a la remoción de un apéndice normal. Objetivo del trabajo: la utilización de un sistema de Score, desde un punto de vista clínico, para el diagnóstico de esta patología y lograr disminuir las apendicectomías negativas

[Frequency of abdominal aortic aneurysms in adult population with known risk factors]. / Frecuencia de aneurisma aórtico abdominal en población adulta con factores de riesgo conocidos.

BACKGROUND: The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms has increased. Its predisposing factors are smoking, high blood pressure and dislipidemia. Progressive aneurysmal enlargement may lead to its rupture, which is associated to a mortality rate above 80%. AIM: To assess the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms in Chilean subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Through announcements in open media we invited individuals aged over 60 years, who smoked, had hypertension and/or had occlusive arterial disease, to participate in a study that included medical history and physical examination. An aortic ultrasound was performed in all subjects in whom the aorta was not palpable or there was a suspicion of dilatation. Aortic diameter over 3 cm was considered aneurysmal. RESULTS: Three hundred fifty six subjects aged 67.1 +/- 6.7 years, (73.9% males), were evaluated. The study group included 62% hypertensives, 39% with abnormal lipids and 46% smokers. Known coronary heart disease or peripheral arterial diseases were present in 14% and 10%, respectively. Ultrasound was required in 159 subjects. Aneurysms were detected in 21 persons (5.9%), 7.6% in males and 1.1% in females. The mean transverse diameter of the aneurysm was 4.1 cm (3-7.5). Aneurysm was found in 2.3% of subjects younger than 65 years and 8.3% of subjects aged over 65 years. CONCLUSIONS: In this sample the prevalence of abdominal aortic aneurysms was 5.9%, affecting predominantly males, with a notorious increase with advanced age.

Una aproximacion a la construccion de um dispositivo de intervencion sobre equidad de genero en adolescente

Este articulo presenta un informe preliminar de la construcción de un dispositivo de intervención sobre equidad de género en adolescentes de la ciudad de Barranquilla, Colombia. Se construyeron 12 módulos para ser aplicados en 12 sesiones, durante 5 meses. Actualmente se esta evaluando cualitativa y cuantitativamente los resultados. La información obtenida muestra una actitud machista, tanto en hombres como mujeres y la necesidad de reestructurar algunos de los módulos, trabajo que se realizara durante el próximo anõ escolar. Los contenidos generales del dispositivo cumplen en general las expectativas de la investigación. Los resultados se utilizaran para presentar un instrumento útil para el trabajo educativo y preventivo el en área(AU)

Brote de triquinosis humana en Necochea, Buenos Aires, Argentina / Autbreak of human trichinelliosis in Necochea, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Se describe un brote de Triquinosis humana, ocurrido en el año 1989, en la ciudad de Necochea, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fueron estudiados 24 pacientes, con una edad comprendida entre los 10 y 57 años. El diagnóstico serológico se realizó con la prueba de Inmunofluorescencia Indirecta (I.F.I.). Se utilizó como antígeno, cortes histológicos de larvas musculares libres de Trichinella spiralis incluidas en parafina. Las manifestaciones clínicas más importantes fueron: 19 (79,16 por ciento) sufrieron mialgias y edenma palpebral, 18 (75 por ciento) fiebre, 17 (70,83 por ciento) eosinofilia igual o superior al 6 por ciento, 14 (58,33 por ciento) cefalea, 7 (29,16 por ciento) astenia, 5 (20,13 por ciento) diarrea, 4 (16,66 por ciento) vómitos, 2 (8,33 por ciento) eritema papulopruriginoso generalizado post tratamiento y 1 (4,16 por ciento) sudoración nocturna y derrame conjuntival en ojos. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron favorablemente. Dos fueron internados, uno con alteraciones cardíacas. El probable alimento causal fueron chorizos secos, fabricados en forma artesanal. Restos de los chacinados se estudiaron por la técnica de digestión artificial rápida, y se encontró una carga parasitaria de 1,3 larvas de triquinas por gramo de material analizado (AU)

Brote de triquinosis humana en Necochea, Buenos Aires, Argentina / Autbreak of human trichinelliosis in Necochea, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Se describe un brote de Triquinosis humana, ocurrido en el año 1989, en la ciudad de Necochea, provincia de Buenos Aires, Argentina. Fueron estudiados 24 pacientes, con una edad comprendida entre los 10 y 57 años. El diagnóstico serológico se realizó con la prueba de Inmunofluorescencia Indirecta (I.F.I.). Se utilizó como antígeno, cortes histológicos de larvas musculares libres de Trichinella spiralis incluidas en parafina. Las manifestaciones clínicas más importantes fueron: 19 (79,16 por ciento) sufrieron mialgias y edenma palpebral, 18 (75 por ciento) fiebre, 17 (70,83 por ciento) eosinofilia igual o superior al 6 por ciento, 14 (58,33 por ciento) cefalea, 7 (29,16 por ciento) astenia, 5 (20,13 por ciento) diarrea, 4 (16,66 por ciento) vómitos, 2 (8,33 por ciento) eritema papulopruriginoso generalizado post tratamiento y 1 (4,16 por ciento) sudoración nocturna y derrame conjuntival en ojos. Todos los pacientes evolucionaron favorablemente. Dos fueron internados, uno con alteraciones cardíacas. El probable alimento causal fueron chorizos secos, fabricados en forma artesanal. Restos de los chacinados se estudiaron por la técnica de digestión artificial rápida, y se encontró una carga parasitaria de 1,3 larvas de triquinas por gramo de material analizado