Sociodemographic, Occupational, and Health Profile of Brazilian Housekeepers and House Cleaners-A Hypothesis-Generating Study.

For many women, house cleaning is an important way to participate in the labor market. In Brazil, there are 2 types of domestic workers: housekeepers have relatively secure employment and house cleaners are day laborers. The aim of this hypothesis-generating study was to describe the sociodemographic, occupational and health profile of a sample of domestic workers in Brazil. House cleaners received lower wages, had longer daily working hours and worked in a larger number of homes each week in comparison to housekeepers. About 51% of the domestic workers in this sample reported the use of pain medication and 34% reported spinal problems. Musculoskeletal symptoms were frequent in the lower back and upper limbs. Forty-seven percent reported high blood pressure. This study highlights the vulnerability of domestic workers, especially house cleaners, regarding workload, salary, and health conditions. Level of education is a contributing factor to this vulnerability.

Mobile Technologies for Monitoring Sleep Time: A Systematic Search of App Stores in Brazil.

Introduction Decreased sleep time is detrimental to physical and mental health, exerting negative impacts on daily functioning and quality of life. Mobile health (mHealth) applications can be useful for improving sleep quality. Objective To perform a systematic search of mHealth applications for monitoring sleep time at Brazilian online stores and evaluate the selected applications in terms of engagement, functionality, aesthetics, and quality of information. Methods A systematic search was performed at the Google Play Store and the App Store developed or updated between 2020 and 2022. The mobile app rating scale (MARS) was used to assess their quality. The characteristics and information of these applications were presented. Data were analyzed descriptively. Results Among the 2,264 relevant mHealth apps identified, 11 were eligible for inclusion. There was one app that offered only sleep time recordings, three offered sleep recordings and educational content, three monitored sleep time with audiovisual resources, two offered sleep time recordings with a focus on monitoring snoring, and two offered sleep time monitoring with individual content customizations. The apps scored fair on MARS, with a mean of 3.5 points (standard deviation: 0.8) on a scale of 1 to 5. Most apps scored low due to poor evidence-based information, aesthetics, and engagement. Conclusion Although the use of mHealth technologies for monitoring sleep time has considerable potential for investigation, it is a relatively new, underexplored topic. Collaboration between researchers, clinical professionals, patients, and application developers is necessary for the creation of new evidence-based mHealth applications focused on Brazilian users.

Poor Health Conditions among Brazilian Healthcare Workers: The Study Design and Baseline Characteristics of the HEROES Cohort.

This study was conducted to describe the health conditions (the psychosocial aspects, sleep quality, and musculoskeletal symptoms) among Brazilian healthcare workers in the context of the pandemic. Workers answered an online questionnaire, including the short version of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ II), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The most unfavourable psychosocial factors were work pace (61%; 95% CI: 52-69%), emotional work demands (75%; 95% CI: 67-82%), predictability (47%; 95% CI: 39-56%), work-family conflict (55%; 95% CI: 46-64%), burnout (86%; 95% CI: 78-91%), and stress (81%; 95% CI: 73-87%). Most workers (74%; 95% CI: 66-81%) were classified as poor sleepers. Musculoskeletal symptoms were frequent in the neck (64%; 95% CI: 55-72%), shoulders (62%; 95% CI: 54-70%), upper back (58%; 95% CI: 50-67%), and lower back (61%; 95% CI: 52-69%). Depressive symptoms were also highly prevalent (mild: 22%; 95% CI: 15-30%, moderate: 16%; 95% CI: 11-23%, severe: 8%; 95% CI: 4-14%). Most healthcare workers experience unfavourable psychosocial factors, poor sleep quality, as well as musculoskeletal and depressive symptoms. These findings underscore the urgent need to acknowledge and address psychological and physical distress to improve the personal and professional well-being of this population.

Correlação entre a postura em pé durante o trabalho e dor na coluna lombar e nos membros inferiores em trabalhadoras da limpeza e cuidadoras de idosos / Correlación entre la postura de trabajo de pie y el dolor en la columna lumbar y los miembros inferiores en trabajadores de limpieza y cuidadores de ancianos / Correlation between standing posture during work and low back and lower limb pain among cleaners and caregivers of older adults

RESUMO A postura em pé durante o trabalho tem sido associada a sintomas musculoesqueléticos. Entretanto, há poucos estudos que avaliam o tempo em pé utilizando medidas objetivas. Assim, o objetivo deste estudo foi verificar se o tempo em pé no trabalho está associado com dor na coluna lombar e nos membros inferiores nos últimos sete dias e 12 meses em cuidadoras de idosos e trabalhadoras da limpeza. Trata-se de estudo transversal, em que o tempo em pé no trabalho foi quantificado por meio de inclinômetros fixados na coxa e na coluna vertebral, e os sintomas musculoesqueléticos foram avaliados por meio do Questionário Nórdico de Sintomas Osteomusculares. Os dados foram analisados por meio da correlação ponto bisserial (rpb) entre o tempo em pé no trabalho e a presença de sintomas musculoesqueléticos. As análises foram realizadas por meio do software SPSS e o nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. Verificou-se que as trabalhadoras passam a maior parte do tempo em pé paradas (41,3%) ou andando (39,3%). Houve correlação positiva entre a presença de sintoma na lombar e o tempo em pé (rpb=0,52; p<0,05) e correlação negativa entre o tempo andando e sintomas no quadril (rpb=−0,53; p<0,05) nos últimos 12 meses e o tempo correndo e sintomas no quadril (rpb=−0,43; p<0,05) e na coluna lombar (rpb=−0,43; p<0,05) nos últimos sete dias. O maior tempo em pé foi correlacionado com a presença de sintomas na lombar; enquanto o menor tempo andando e correndo foram correlacionados com a presença de sintomas no quadril e na coluna lombar.

RESUMEN La postura de trabajo de pie está asociada con síntomas musculoesqueléticos. Sin embargo, hay pocos estudios que evalúan el tiempo prolongado en esta postura utilizando medidas objetivas. Por esto, el objetivo de este estudio fue verificar si el tiempo prolongado al trabajar de pie está asociado al dolor en la columna lumbar y en los miembros inferiores de los cuidadores de ancianos y los trabajadores de limpieza entre los últimos siete días y 12 meses de trabajo. Se trata de un estudio transversal, en el que se cuantificó el tiempo prolongado en el trabajo de pie por medio de inclinómetros fijados en el muslo y la columna vertebral, y los síntomas musculoesqueléticos fueron evaluados por el Cuestionario Nórdico de Síntomas Musculoesqueléticos. Para el análisis de datos se utilizó la correlación biserial puntual (rpb) entre el tiempo prolongado en el trabajo de pie y la presencia de síntomas musculoesqueléticos. Los análisis se realizaron con el software SPSS, y se adoptó el nivel de significación del 5%. Se constató que las trabajadoras pasaban la mayor parte del tiempo paradas (41,3%) o caminando (39,3%). Hubo una correlación positiva entre la presencia de síntomas en la región lumbar y el tiempo prolongado de pie (rpb=0,52; p<0,05) y una correlación negativa entre el tiempo al caminar y los síntomas en la cadera (rpb=−0,53; p<0,05) en los últimos 12 meses, y el tiempo al correr y los síntomas en la cadera (rpb=−0,43; p<0,05) y en la columna lumbar (rpb=−0,43; p<0,05) en los últimos siete días. El mayor tiempo prolongado de pie se correlacionó con la presencia de síntomas en la región lumbar, mientras que el menor tiempo al caminar y correr se correlacionó con la presencia de síntomas en la cadera y columna lumbar.

ABSTRACT Maintaining a standing posture during work has been associated with musculoskeletal symptoms. Few studies, however, assess the standing time using objective measures. Thus, this study aimed to verify whether standing time at work is associated with lower back and lower limb pain in the last seven days and last 12 months in caregivers of older adults and cleaners. This is a cross-sectional study. Standing time at work was quantified using inclinometers attached to the workers' thigh and spine. Musculoskeletal symptoms were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the point-biserial correlation coefficient (rpb) between standing time at work and the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms. The analyses were performed using the SPSS software, adopting 5% significance level. Workers spend most of their time standing still (41.3%) or walking (39.3%). The presence of symptoms in the lower back was positively correlated with standing time (rpb=0.52; p<0.05). Walking time was negatively correlated with symptoms at the hip in the last 12 months (rpb=−0.53; p<0.05) and running time with symptoms at the hip, in the last seven days, (rpb=−0.43; p<0.05) and the lower back (rpb=−0.43; p<0.05). Longer standing time was correlated with the presence of symptoms in the lower back. Meanwhile, less time walking and running were correlated with the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms in the hips and lower back.

Adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso da hipertensão arterial em dois modelos de atenção à saúde / Medication adherence to the treatment of hypertension in two models of health care

A Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS) e a Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) são dois modelos diferentes de assistência na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Objetivou-se comparar o grau de adesão a terapêutica medicamentosa de indivíduos com hipertensão assistidos em Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) e Unidade Básica de Saúde (UBS). O estudo teve a participação de 63 indivíduos da ESF e 51 da UBS. Aplicou-se questionários para identificar o perfil da população e avaliar a adesão (teste de Morisky-Green ­ TMG). Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e, para a análise de associação, os testes Goodman e odds ratio. As variáveis idade, sexo feminino e sedentarismo apresentaram-se homogêneas em ambos os grupos. Entre as variáveis estudadas, apenas a idade mostrou diferença significante, pois pessoas com menos de 60 anos demonstraram menor adesão ao tratamento. Houve diferença significativa na adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso (ESF > UBS). Conclui-se que a melhor adesão foi na ESF, mas ambas foram consideradas abaixo do desejado.

The Basic Health Unit (UBS) and the Family Health Strategy (ESF) are two different models of assistance in the Primary Health Care (APS). The objective was to compare therapeutic drug adherence degree in hypertension persons in Family Health Strategy (ESF) and Health Centers (UBS). There were 63 participants from the Family Health Strategy and 51 from the Health Centers. A profile identification questionnaire and a Morisky-Green test (MGT) were used. Descriptive statistic was used and Goodman and Odds Ratio tests were applied for association analyses. Variables as age, female gender and sedentarism were homogeneous in both groups. Among the variables, only age was significantly different, meaning that persons under 60 years of age has have lower rate of adherence to treatment. There was a significative difference in the adhesion (ESF > UBS).

Associação do diagnóstico clínico com a situação ocupacional de usuários de um serviço de fisioterapia / Asociación del diagnóstico clínico con situación laboral de usuarios de servicio de fisioterapia / Association of clinical diagnosis with occupational situation of patients of a physical therapy service

RESUMO A multicausalidade nas lesões relacionadas ao trabalho (LER) é pouco explorada na fisioterapia e sua compreensão baseada no Nexo Técnico Epidemiológico Previdenciário (NTEP) pode fornecer ao fisioterapeuta condição de atuar nos processos do trabalho. O objetivo foi analisar a associação entre diagnóstico clínico e situação ocupacional de usuários de serviço de fisioterapia. Em estudo descritivo transversal, com 656 usuários atendidos de janeiro de 2013 a julho de 2014, foram coletadas de prontuários informações sobre sexo, idade, cor da pele, diagnóstico clínico e situação ocupacional. Testes qui-quadrado e regressão logística foram utilizados para análise da associação entre diagnósticos e situações ocupacionais em população com idade média de 49,4 anos, maioria mulheres, cor branca e predominância de lesões não traumáticas. A regressão múltipla mostrou associação entre serviços domésticos e síndrome do túnel do carpo (odds ratio ou OR=2,54) e lesões no ombro (OR=1,82); entre trabalho na construção civil e algias na coluna (OR=5,78) e fraturas distais de membros inferiores (OR=3,53); e entre aposentados e gonartrose (OR=3,76), artrose na coluna (OR=2,24), acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) (OR=2,03), lesões no ombro (OR=0,27) e fraturas distais de membros inferiores (OR=0,15). O estudo mostrou risco para lesões de membros superiores em serviços domésticos; para lesões na coluna vertebral e fraturas distais de membro inferior na construção civil; e para artroses e AVE em aposentados. Estes apresentaram fator de proteção para lesões de ombro e fraturas de membros inferiores. A atuação fisioterapêutica pode ser ampliada com conhecimento do nexo causal. O fisioterapeuta pode atuar em seleção de indicadores epidemiológicos, formulação de orientações ergonômicas e elaboração de conduta terapêutica.

RESUMEN La multicausalidad en lesiones relacionadas al trabalho (Ler) es poco explorada en fisioterapia y su comprehensión basada en el Nexo Técnico Epidemiológico Previdenciário (NTEP) puede proporcionar al fisioterapeuta condición de actuar en los procesos de trabajo. El objectivo fue analizar la asociación entre diagnóstico clínico y situación laboral de usuarios de servicio de fisioterapia. En estudio descritivo transversal, fueron recogidas informaciones de los prontuários de 656 usuarios atendidos de enero de 2013 a julio de 2014, como sexo, edad, color de la piel, diagnóstico clínico y situación laboral. Pruebas chi-cuadrado y regresión logística fueron utilizadas para análisis de la asociación entre diagnósticos y situaciones laborales en población con edad media de 49,4 años, mayoría mujeres, color blanco y predominancia de lesiones no traumáticas. La regresión múltiple mostró asociación entre servicios domésticos y síndrome de túnel del carpo (odds ratio o OR=2,54) y lesiones en el hombro (OR=1,82); entre trabajo en la construcción civil y algias en la columna (OR=5,78) y fracturas distales de miembros inferiores (OR=3,53); y entre jubilados gonartrose (OR=3,76), artrose en la columna (OR=2,24), accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) (OR=2,03), lesiones en el hombro (OR=0,27) y fracturas distales de miembros inferiores (OR=0,15). El estudio mostró riesgo para lesiones de miembros superiores en servicios domésticos; para lesiones en la columna vertebral y fracturas distales de miembro inferior en la construcción civil; y para artroses y ACV en jubilados. Jubilados presentaron factor de protección para lesiones de hombro y fracturas de miembros inferiores. La actuación fisioterapéutica puede ser ampliada con conocimiento del nexo causal. Lo fisioterapeuta puede actuar en selección de indicadores epidemiológicos, formulación de orientaciones ergonómicas y elaboración de conducta terapéutica.

ABSTRACT Multiple causes of work-related lesions are little explored in Physical Therapy and its understanding based on the Epidemiologic and Technical Security System Nexus (NTEP) may provide physical therapists conditions for them to act in work processes. We aimed to analyze the association between clinical diagnosis and occupational situation of patients from a Physical Therapy service. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with 656 patients assisted from January 2013 to July 2014. We collected, from medical records, information about sex, age, skin color, clinical diagnosis and occupational situation. Chi-square and logistic regression tests were used for the analysis of the association between diagnosis and occupational situations. A population with mean age of 49.4 years, mostly women, white skin color and predominance of non-traumatic lesions. Multiple regression showed association between domestic services and carpal tunnel syndrome (OR=2.54) and shoulder injuries (OR=1.82); between construction services and pain in the spine (OR=5.78) and distal fractures in the lower limb (OR=3.53); between retirees and gonoarthrosis (OR=3.76), osteoarthritis in the spine (OR=2.24), and CVA (OR=2.03), shoulder injuries (OR=0.27) and distal fractures in the lower limb (OR=0.15). Our study showed risk for lesions of upper limbs in domestic services; for lesions of the spine and distal fractures of lower limbs in construction services; for arthrosis and CVA in retirees. Retirees feature a protection factor for shoulder injuries and fractures of lower limbs. Physical therapists can work in the selection of epidemiological indicators, formulation of ergonomic guidelines and planning of the therapeutic conduct.