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1.
Diabet Med ; 34(9): 1185-1192, 2017 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28722225

RESUMO

Erectile dysfunction may be common among men with diabetes, but its prevalence is still debated. We aimed to assess the relative prevalence of erectile dysfunction in diabetes searching major databases from inception to November 2016 for studies reporting erectile dysfunction in men with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. We conducted a meta-analysis of the prevalence [and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs)] of erectile dysfunction in diabetes compared with healthy controls, calculating the relative odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. A random effect model was applied. From 3747 initial hits, 145 studies were included representing 88 577 men (age: 55.8 ± 7.9 years). The prevalence of erectile dysfunction in diabetes overall was 52.5% (95% CI, 48.8 to 56.2) after adjusting for publication bias, and 37.5%, 66.3% and 57.7% in Type 1, Type 2 and both types of diabetes, respectively (P for interaction < 0.0001). The prevalence of erectile dysfunction was highest in studies using the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (82.2%, 17 studies, P for interaction < 0.0001). Studies with a higher percentage of people with hypertension moderated our results (beta = 0.03; 95% CI, 0.008 to 0.040; P = 0.003; R2  = 0.00). Compared to healthy controls (n = 5385) men with diabetes (n = 863) were at increased odds of having erectile dysfunction (OR 3.62; 95% CI, 2.53 to 5.16; P < 0.0001; I2  = 67%, k = 8). Erectile dysfunction is common in diabetes, affecting more than half of men with the condition and with a prevalence odds of approximately 3.5 times more than controls. Our findings suggest that screening and appropriate intervention for men with erectile dysfunction is warranted.


Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Disfunção Erétil/complicações , Disfunção Erétil/epidemiologia , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco
2.
J Am Diet Assoc ; 98(3): 322-5, 1998 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9508016

RESUMO

Multicenter trials are important for answering questions that require large numbers of subjects. Such trials require standardized implementation of behavioral change programs across diverse populations, regions, and staff. Researchers involved with the Trial of Nonpharmacologic Interventions in the Elderly conducted a 17-week pilot study of their most complex intervention (combined weight and sodium reduction) before actual start-up of the main study. This allowed staff to rehearse implementing the program and to identify and address intervention and standardization issues. Registered dietitians in 4 US communities recruited 28 participants for the pilot study, using eligibility criteria similar to those for the main trial. Participant evaluations reflected high satisfaction with the program materials and overall approach. Minor protocol changes suggested by results of the pilot study were made easily in time for start-up of the main study. Reductions in weight and sodium intake were less than targeted but were sufficient to suggest that the intervention would be effective under optimal conditions. This partial achievement of goals in the pilot study underscored the need to allow for a learning curve, for without it standardization and outcomes of the main study would be compromised.


Assuntos
Hipertensão/dietoterapia , Sódio na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Redução de Peso , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Ingestão de Energia , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Cooperação do Paciente , Projetos Piloto , Sódio/urina , Resultado do Tratamento
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