Treatment simplification to optimize cenobamate effectiveness and tolerability: A real-world retrospective study in Spain.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the impact of co-antiseizure medication (co-ASM) optimization on the effectiveness and tolerability of adjunctive cenobamate (CNB) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy in a real-world setting. METHODS: This unicentric, retrospective, observational study included adults with focal-onset seizures who had received ≥2 previous ASMs. The main effectiveness endpoints included responder rates and seizure frequency reduction at 3, 6, and 12-month visits. The number of co-ASMs and defined daily dose (DDD) were analyzed at every visit. Safety endpoints included adverse drug reactions (ADRs). RESULTS: Thirty-four patients with a median epilepsy duration of 22 years and a median of 15.5 seizures/month were analyzed. The median number of prior ASMs was 12, and the mean number of co-ASMs was 2.9 (SD 1). There was a reduction in seizure frequency/month from baseline to the last visit (p < 0.0001). Between baseline and the end of the study, the mean number of co-ASMs in the per-protocol (PP) population was reduced from 2.9 to 1.6 (p < 0.0001), and DDD was reduced from 3.6 to 1.4 (p < 0.0001). Sodium channel blockers (carbamazepine and lacosamide) and GABAergic drugs (clobazam) were the agents with the most significant reductions in DDD after 12 months. The percentage of patients in the PP population with ≥3 co-ASMs was reduced from 61.8% at baseline to 14.3% at 12 months; 1 patient was receiving CNB as monotherapy at the last visit. At the last visit, 85.7% of the PP population were ≥50% responders, and 33.3% were seizure-free. The percentage of patients with ADRs in the PP population was 71.9% at 3 months and 52.3% at 12 months. SIGNIFICANCE: Following rational polytherapy, optimization of co-ASM management during CNB treatment allowed high seizure freedom rates despite meaningful reductions in co-medication, while also achieving both good tolerability and patient satisfaction scores in a highly drug-resistant population. PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY: Many patients with epilepsy still have seizures, even after being treated with several different epilepsy drugs. In this study of 34 patients from a Spanish clinic, we show that the epilepsy drug cenobamate can reduce the number of seizures in these patients, even after many other epilepsy drugs have failed. We also show that patients treated with cenobamate can reduce the dose or even stop taking certain other epilepsy drugs. This allows them to simplify their treatment and reduce adverse effects while still keeping control of their epilepsy.

Developmental epigenomic effects of maternal financial problems.

Early-life adversity as neglect or low socioeconomic status is associated with negative physical/mental health outcomes and plays an important role in health trajectories through life. The early-life environment has been shown to be encoded as changes in epigenetic markers that are retained for many years.We investigated the effect of maternal major financial problems (MFP) and material deprivation (MD) on their children's epigenome in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) cohort. Epigenetic aging, measured with epigenetic clocks, was weakly accelerated with increased MFP. In subsequent EWAS, MFP, and MD showed strong, independent programing effects on children's genomes. MFP in the period from birth to age seven was associated with genome-wide epigenetic modifications on children's genome visible at age 7 and partially remaining at age 15.These results support the hypothesis that physiological processes at least partially explain associations between early-life adversity and health problems later in life. Both maternal stressors (MFP/MD) had similar effects on biological pathways, providing preliminary evidence for the mechanisms underlying the effects of low socioeconomic status in early life and disease outcomes later in life. Understanding these associations is essential to explain disease susceptibility, overall life trajectories and the transition from health to disease.

Revisiting plant electric signaling: Challenging an old phenomenon with novel discoveries.

Higher plants efficiently orchestrate rapid systemic responses to diverse environmental stimuli through electric signaling. This review explores the mechanisms underlying two main types of electric signals in plants, action potentials (APs) and slow wave potentials (SWPs), and how new discoveries challenge conventional neurophysiological paradigms traditionally forming their theoretical foundations. Animal APs are biophysically well-defined, whereas plant APs are often classified based on their shape, lacking thorough characterization. SWPs are depolarizing electric signals deviating from this shape, leading to an oversimplified classification of plant electric signals. Indeed, investigating the generation and propagation of plant APs and SWPs showcases a complex interplay of mechanisms that sustain self-propagating signals and internally propagating stimuli, resulting in membrane depolarization, cytosolic calcium increase, and alterations in reactive oxygen species and pH. A holistic understanding of plant electric signaling will rely on unraveling the network of ion-conducting proteins, signaling molecules, and mechanisms for signal generation and propagation.

Seropositividad de Chlamydia psittaci en trabajadores expuestos a aves y revisión de la literatura: evidencia de circulación en Antioquia / Chlamydia psittaci seropositivity in workers exposed to birds and review of the literature: Evidence of circulation in Antioquia

Introducción. La psitacosis es una enfermedad zoonótica causada por Chlamydia psittaci. Esta bacteria es catalogada como un agente con potencial bioterrorista y ha causado múltiples brotes en trabajadores con exposición laboral a aves en diferentes lugares del mundo. En Colombia, no se hace seguimiento epidemiológico de la infección y existe una gran brecha en el conocimiento. Objetivos. Determinar la frecuencia de anticuerpos contra C. psittaci en trabajadores con exposición laboral a aves y sus factores asociados. Además, revisar la literatura en relación con los estudios sobre el tema realizados en Colombia. Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, transversal, con intención analítica, en trabajadores en contacto con aves y se revisó la literatura científica relacionada en Colombia. Se detectaron anticuerpos IgM e IgG contra C. psittaci en suero por microinmunofluorescencia. La descripción de las características sociodemográficas y de exposición se hizo con frecuencias y medidas de resumen. Se exploraron factores asociados por análisis bivariados y multivariados. La revisión de la literatura científica y gris se hizo con búsqueda estructurada. Resultados. Se analizaron 54 trabajadores en contacto con aves y se encontró una prevalencia de anticuerpos del 31,5 %. El ejercer funciones de sacrificio y faenado de las aves sin ser médico veterinario fue un factor de riesgo para la presencia de anticuerpos. Solo se encontraron cuatro estudios previos sobre C. psittaci hechos en Colombia. Conclusiones. Este estudio constituye la primera evidencia de la circulación de C. psittaci en trabajadores en contacto con aves en Antioquia y el segundo reporte en el país. Estos hallazgos aportan desde la salud pública a la estrategia One Health.

Introduction. Psittacosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Chlamydia psittaci, a bacterium classified as an agent with bioterrorist potential. It has caused multiple outbreaks in exposed poultry workers around the world. Colombia has no epidemiological follow-up of the infection and a big knowledge gap. Objectives. To determine the antibodies' frequency against C. psittaci in workers with occupational exposure to birds and to review the literature on studies conducted in Colombia. Materials and methods. We conducted a cross-sectional descriptive study with analytical intent on workers in contact with birds and reviewed the related literature in Colombia. IgM and IgG serum antibodies against C. psittaci were detected by microimmunofluorescence. The sociodemographic and exposure characteristics were expressed as frequencies and summary measures. Associated factors were explored by bivariate and multivariate analysis. The scientific and gray literature review was done with a structured search. Results. We analyzed 54 workers in contact with birds. Antibody prevalence was 31.5%. Slaughtering and evisceration by non-veterinarians was a risk factor for antibody presence. There are only four previous studies on C. psittaci in Colombia. Conclusions. Here, we present the first evidence of C. psittaci circulation among workers exposed to birds in Antioquia and the second report in the country. These findings contribute to the "One Health" public health strategy.

Situación de salud bucal de párvulos chilenos en un contexto comunitario / Oral health situation of Chilean children in a community context

INTRODUCCIÓN: Determinar la situación de salud bucal en párvulos ingresados a un programa promocional-preventivo en la comuna de Melipilla durante el año 2018. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado en 860 párvulos de entre dos a cinco años de edad matriculados en 17 establecimientos educacionales de la comuna, ubicados en zona urbana y rural. La experiencia de caries dental como variable dependiente y sexo, edad y zona geográfica del establecimiento educacional (urbano-rural) como variable independiente fueron medidas en un contexto comunitario (en aula). Estudio aprobado por Comité Científico de Ética de Universidad Finis Terrae y Servicio de Salud Metropolitano Occidente. RESULTADOS: El estudio abarcó al 88,5% de los párvulos matriculados, con promedio de edad de 3,76 ± 1,06 años. El 53,5% correspondieron a niñas. Un 34,1% (IC:95% 30,74:37,48) presentó caries dental, sin diferencias por sexo, zona geográfica, si por edad. A mayor edad, mayor daño por caries dental. Cada párvulo en promedio presentó un diente primario con caries (diente cariado:1,14 ± 2,28). El tercio de la población más afectada por caries dental presentó en promedio tres dientes primarios con daño. DISCUSIÓN: Los resultados muestran un elevado daño por caries dental cuyo inicio es temprano; esto pone de manifiesto la necesidad de avanzar en el desarrollo de políticas públicas de salud bucal destinadas a la primera infancia. (AU)

INTRODUCTION: To determine the oral health situation in the infants admitted to a pro-motional-preventive program in the municipality of Melipilla during the year 2018.MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study conducted with 860 infants between two to five years of age enrolled in 17 educational establishments in the community, located in urban and rural settings. The incidence of cavities as related to the variables of sex, age and geographical area of the educational establishment (urban-rural) as an independent variables were measured in a community context (in the classroom). Study approved by the Scientific Committee of Ethics of the Finis Terrae University and the Western Metropolitan Health Service.RESULTS: The study covered 88.5% of the enrolled children of 3.76 ± 1.06 years with an average age of 3,76 ± 1,06. 53.5% were girls. 34.1% (IC:95% 30,74:37,48) had cavities, without differences by sex or geographical area, but by age. The older you get, the more damage you get from tooth decay. Each toddler had on average one primary tooth with cavities (decayed tooth: 1.14 ± 2.28). One third of the population most affected by cavities presented on average three primary teeth with damage.DISCUSSION: The results show a high damage by cavities whose onset is early; This highlights the need to improve the development of public oral health policies aimed at early childhood. (AU)

Prevalencia y morfología del segundo conducto en la raíz mesiovestibular de primeros molares superiores en base a cuatro técnicas ex vivo / Prevalence and morphology of second mesiobuccal canal in maxillary first molars based on four ex vivo techniques

Los objetivos principales del tratamiento de endodoncia no quirúrgico son la prevención y/o tratamiento de periodontitis apical junto con la resolución de signos y síntomas de las lesiones pulpares irreversibles. Debido a la compleja morfología del sistema de conductos radicular, la persistencia de un conducto no tratado puede mantener la contaminación y sintomatología pulpar y periapical. La prevalencia para MV2 reportado a nivel mundial para el primer molar superior varía ampliamente según las técnicas in vivo o ex vivo empleadas en cada estudio, es por esto que el presente trabajo tiene por objetivo evaluar la prevalencia de MV2 en primeros molares superiores en base a cuatro técnicas diagnósticas aplicadas ex vivo. Se realizó un estudio transversal observacional en 101 primeros molares superiores extraídos bajo consentimiento informado para determinar la prevalencia del conducto MV2 y su morfología en base a las técnicas de radiografía ortoradial, tomografía Cone Beam, apertura coronaria con microscopio quirúrgico (16x) y cortes radiculares axiales de aplicación ex vivo. La prevalencia encontrada para MV2 por cada técnica fue de 81,1 % para cortes radiculares y tomografía Cone Beam, 59,4 % para la apertura coronal con microscopio (16x) y 32,6 % con radiografía ortoradial. En el 3,96 % de la muestra se encontró un tercer conducto mesiovestibular en base a la técnica de corte radicular. La morfología interna del sistema de conductos radiculares fue de 36 % clase II, 19 % clase I y 16 % clase IV de Vertucci. Los resultados del presente estudio están en concordancia con lo reportado en la literatura y confirman la mayor prevalencia reportada en estudios ex vivo para esta situación. La presencia de MV2 en el primer molar superior es una condición frecuente que el endodoncista debe considerar, empleando técnicas imagenológicas y tecnologías de magnificación para asegurar el éxito terapéutico en estos dientes.

The main objectives of non-surgical endodontic treatment are the prevention and / or treatment of apical periodontitis, as well as resolving signs and symptoms of irreversible pulpal lesions. Considering the complex morphology of the root canal system, the a canal left untreated, can generate contamination, pulp and periapical symptoms. The prevalence for MV2 reported worldwide for the upper first molar, varies depending on the ex vivo or ex vivo techniques used in each study. Consequently, the present work aims to assess the prevalence of MV2 in first upper molars based on four ex vivo diagnostic techniques applied. An observational crosssectional study was performed in 101 upper first molars extracted under informed consent to determine the prevalence of the MV2 duct and its morphology based on orthoradial radiography, Cone Beam tomography, coronary opening with a surgical microscope (16x), and axial root cuts applied ex vivo. The prevalence found for MV2 by each technique was 81.1 % for root cuts and Cone Beam tomography, 59.4 % for coronal opening with a microscope (16x) and 32.6 % with orthoradial radiography. In 3.96 % of the sample, a third mesiovestibular canal was found based on the root cutting technique. The internal morphology of the root canal system was 36 % Vertucci´s class II, 19 % class I and 16 % class IV. The results of the present study coincide with that reported in the literature, and confirm the higher prevalence reported in ex vivo studies for this situation. The presence of MV2 in the upper first molar is a frequent condition that the endodontist must consider, using imaging techniques and magnification technology to ensure therapeutic success in these teeth.

El arte de respirar: inspirando juntos / The Art of Breathing: Getting Inspiration

No disponible

Garantía Explícita en Salud Oral en adulto de 60 años: impacto en la percepción de la calidad de vida / Explicit Oral Health Guarantee for Adults 60 Years of Age: impact on their perception of quality of life

OBJETIVO: Evaluar la Garantía Explícita en Salud Oral en el Adulto de 60 años (GES-60 años) desde la percepción de la calidad de vida. MÉTODO: Se realizó una evaluación antes y después de la prestación del programa GES-60, sin grupo control. Se utilizó el cuestionario Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) para cuantificar los cambios en la percepción de la calidad de vida como un indicador de resultado del programa. Se aplicó el test no paramétrico de Wilcoxon para datos emparejados en STATA 12.0. RESULTADOS: Participaron 103 adultos en el estudio y 85,5% fueron mujeres. Al término del programa GES-60 se presentaron mejoras significativas en la valoración global de la percepción de la calidad de vida relacionada con salud oral, como también en cada una de las dimensiones, particularmente en términos de la limitación psicológica. CONCLUSIÓN: Existe una significativa contribución del programa en el mejoramiento de la percepción de la calidad de vida de la población intervenida.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the Explicit Guarantee in Oral Health for Adults 60 years of Age (GES-60) on the basis of their perception of quality of life. METHOD: Evaluations were conducted before and after users participated in the GES-60 program, without a control group. The Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI) was used to quantify changes in the perception of quality of life as an indicator of the program's results. The nonparametric Wilcoxon test was used to analyze matched data in STATA 12.0. RESULTS: A total of 103 adults participated in the study, and 85.5% were women. At the end of the GES-60 program, there were significant improvements in the overall assessment of the participants' perception of quality of life related to oral health, in each of the dimensions, particularly in terms of psychological limitations. CONCLUSION: The program significantly improves the target population's perception of quality of life.

Valor diagnóstico del NT-proBNP para la detección precoz de cardiopatía chagásica en áreas no endémicas / Diagnostic value of NT-proBNP for early identification of chagas cardiomyopathy in non-endemic areas

No disponible

Asociación entre osteoporosis y periodontitis crónica / Association between osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis

La periodontitis crónica es una enfermedad inmunoinflamatoria causada por bacterias. Debido a los múltiples factores involucrados en la patogenia periodontal existen una serie de estudios sobre su probable asociación con diversas condiciones sistémicas, entre ellas osteoporosis. Esta es una enfermedad sistémica progresiva, caracterizada por una pérdida de masa ósea y deterioro de su microarquitectura, comprometiendo el hueso trabecular y cortical. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar si existe asociación entre osteoporosis y periodontitis crónica, de acuerdo a la literatura especializada publicada hasta la fecha. Para tal efecto se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura en la base de datos Medline mediante su buscador PubMed. Se utilizó la siguiente estrategia de búsqueda: osteoporosis (Mesh) OR osteoporosis (TI) AND periodontal disease AND odds ratio OR osteoporosis (Mesh) OR osteoporosis (TI) AND periodontal disease AND association, seleccionando estudios en humanos, publicados en los últimos 10 años. Finalmente, 6 artículos fueron analizados. Estudios recientes entregan una fuerte evidencia de asociación entre osteoporosis y pérdida de inserción clínica en humanos. En función de estos resultados se puede concluir que existe una relación de riesgo entre la disminución de la densidad ósea esqueletal y la altura de la cresta ósea alveolar, sin embargo aún no es posible determinar una relación causal. Hasta la fecha esta asociación solo puede confirmarse en mujeres.

Chronic periodontitis is an immuno-inflammatory diseases caused by bacteria. Due to the multiple factors involved in periodontal pathogenesis, there have been a number of studies on the probable association with various systemic conditions, including osteoporosis. This is a progressive systemic disease characterized by loss of bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration, compromising trabecular and cortical bone. The aim of this study was to identify the association between osteoporosis and chronic periodontitis, according to the specialized literature published to date. To this end, a literature was performed in MEDLINE database using its PUBMED browser. The following search strategy was used: Osteoporosis (Mesh) OR osteoporosis (IT) AND periodontal disease odds ratio OR Osteoporosis (Mesh) OR osteoporosis (IT) AND periodontal disease association, selecting human studies, published in the last 10 years. Finally, 6 items were analyzed. Recent studies provide strong evidence of an association between osteoporosis and clinical attachment loss in humans. Based on these results, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between decreased risk of skeletal bone density and height of the alveolar bone crest, however it is not yet possible to determine a causal relationship. So far this association can only be confirmed in women.

Validez de la valoración subjetiva global como método de despistaje de desnutrición hospitalaria. Prevalencia de desnutrición en un hospital terciario / Validity of subjective global assessment as a screening method for hospital malnutrition. Prevalence of malnutrition in a tertiary hospital

INTRODUCCIÓN: La desnutrición hospitalaria es un problema de alta prevalencia que afecta a la morbimortalidad de los pacientes, lo que comporta una mayor estancia y un incremento de los costes sanitarios. Aunque no existe un único método de despistaje nutricional, la valoración subjetiva global (VSG) puede ser una herramienta útil, económica y fácilmente reproducible. Métodos Estudio transversal, observacional y aleatorio realizado en 197 pacientes de un hospital terciario. Se utilizó la VSG y se determinaron datos antropométricos y parámetros bioquímicos para evaluar el estado nutricional de los pacientes estudiados. Resultados El porcentaje de sujetos desnutridos fue del 50% según la VSG. Se observó una mayor prevalencia de desnutrición en los servicios médicos (53%) que en los quirúrgicos (47%). La mitad de los sujetos estudiados (50%) presentó desnutrición mediante la VSG, de los cuales solo un 37,5% recibió tratamiento nutricional durante su estancia hospitalaria. La estancia media de los pacientes desnutridos (13,5 días) o en riesgo de desnutrición (12,1 días) fue mayor que la de aquellos sujetos bien nutridos (6,97 días). La VSG se correlacionó de forma significativa (p < 0,012) con los parámetros antropométricos y bioquímicos de desnutrición. Conclusiones La prevalencia de desnutrición hospitalaria es muy alta, tanto en servicios médicos como quirúrgicos y, sin embargo, es incorrectamente tratada. La VSG es una herramienta útil de despistaje de desnutrición hospitalaria por su alto grado de correlación con parámetros bioquímicos y antropométricos

INTRODUCTION: Hospital malnutrition is a highly prevalent problem that affects patient morbidity and mortality resulting in longer hospital stays and increased healthcare costs. Although there is no single nutritional screening method, subjective global assessment (SGA) may be a useful, inexpensive, and easily reproducible tool. Methods A cross-sectional, observational, randomized study was conducted in 197 patients in a tertiary hospital. SGA, anthropometric data, and biochemical parameters were used to assess the nutritional status of study patients. Results Fifty percent of subjects were malnourished according to SGA. A higher prevalence of malnutrition was found in medical (53%) as compared to surgical departments (47%). Half the subjects (50%) had malnutrition by SGA, but only 37.8% received nutritional treatment during their hospital stay. Mean hospital stay was longer for patients malnourished (13.5 days) or at risk of malnutrition (12.1 days) as compared to well nourished subjects (6.97 days). SGA significantly correlated (P < .012) with anthropometric and biochemical malnutrition parameters. Conclusions Prevalence of hospital malnutrition is very high in both medical and surgical departments and is inadequately treated. SGA is a useful tool for screening hospital malnutrition because of its high degree of correlation with anthropometric and biochemical parameters

Efecto metabólico del ejercicio físico regular en la población sana / Metabolic effects of regular phisical exercice in healthy population

Objetivo Estudiar el efecto del ejercicio físico aeróbico practicado de forma regular y habitual, no acompañado de cambios en el peso corporal, sobre la resistencia a la insulina y las alteraciones metabólicas acompañantes en la población general. Sujetos y métodos Estudio observacional y transversal en la población adulta, 101 sujetos (30-70 años), sin enfermedad conocida y sin cambios en su peso corporal en los 3 últimos meses. El grupo de ejercicio regular realizaba ejercicio moderado entre 30-60minutos/día 5días/semana (7,5-15h MET/semana) y el grupo control no realizaba ejercicio físico de forma habitual y tenía un estilo de vida sedentario. Los sujetos estaban equiparados en edad y sexo. Se estudiaron parámetros lipídicos, HOMA y síndrome metabólico (SM).Resultados El grupo de ejercicio regular eran 48 sujetos (21 hombres/27 mujeres) y 53 (31 hombres/22 mujeres) el grupo sedentario. No hubo diferencias significativas entre ambos grupos en edad, sexo, IMC, perímetro de cintura y presión arterial. Encontramos diferencias estadísticamente significativas en: TG, cHDL, c-No-HDL y apoB, no así en el CT y cLDL. También hubo diferencias significativas en la insulina plasmática basal (12,1±4,13 y 14,9±4,8mU/l; p = 0,004) y en el índice HOMA (2,8±1,1 y 3,5±4,1; p = 0,001) en el grupo que realizaba ejercicio frente al grupo sedentario. Los sujetos con SM fueron un 20,7% y un 45,8% (p=0,01) en el grupo con ejercicio y sedentario, respectivamente. Conclusión La realización de una vida activa con el ejercicio físico habitual y moderado conduce a un aumento de la sensibilidad a la insulina, un mejor perfil lipídico y una disminución de los componentes del SM sin modificar necesariamente el peso corporal (AU)

Aim To assess the effect of moderate regular aerobic physical activity not associated to body weight changes on insulin resistance and the associated metabolic changes in general population. Sujects and methods A cross-sectional, observational study in an adult population (n=101 sujects aged 30-70 years) with no personal history of disease and with stable weight in the three months prior to the study. The group with regular exercise performed 30-60minutes of moderate regular physical exercise 5 days per week (7.5-15hours MET per week), while a control group performed no regular physical excersice and had a sedentary lifestyle. Subjects were age- and sex-matched. Lipids, lipoproteins, and HOMA index were measured using standard methods. Results The group with regular physical activity consisted of 48 subjects (21 male/27 female), while the group with no regular physical activity included 53 subjects (31 male/22 female). No significant differences were found between the groups in age, sex, BMI, waist circunference, and blood presure. Significant differences were found between the groups in fasting serum triglyceride, HDL-C, and apoB levels. Fasting plasma insulin levels (12.1±4.13 vs 14.9±4.8mU/L, P= .004) and HOMA index (2.8±1.1 vs 3.5±4.1, P= .001) were significantly lower in the group with regular physical activity as compared to the sedentary group. Prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome were 20.7% and 45.8% (P=.01) in the regular physical activity and sedentary groups respectively. Conclusion Moderate regular physical activity is associated to higher insulin sensitivity, an improved lipid profile, and a decrease in components of metabolic syndrome with no change in weight or BMI (AU)

Programa innovador de rehabilitación integral para habitantes de la calle en condición de discapacidad mental crónica / Innovative Program of integral Rehabilitation for People Living on the Streets in Condition and Mental Disabilities Chronic / Programa inovador de reabilitação integral para as pessoas que vivem nas ruas no estado e a deficiência mental crônica

Introducción: El Hospital Nazareth I Nivel ESE, ubicado en la Localidad 20 de Bogotá, D. C., desarrolla e implementa acciones de promoción de la salud, prevención de la enfermedad y recuperación de la salud, a través del Centro de Desarrollo del Potencial Humano (CDPH), el cual es un espacio agroambiental que contempla tres componentes:1) el Programa Ecoterapia, el 2) Parque Temático en Salud Chaquen y 3) el aprendizaje experiencial. Todos ellos se fundamentan en el modelo de ocupación humana como herramienta de inclusión social y laboral, para fortalecer las redes de apoyo primario, la potencialización de habilidades comunicacionales y la aceptación de la comunidad rural, en un entorno natural que favorece los procesos de autonomía e interdependencia en el desempeño personal, familiar, social y organizacional. Objetivo: Sistematizar el proceso desarrollado con los usuarios del programa de Ecoterapia, a partir de una revisión documental. Métodos: De acuerdo con Carvajal Burbano (2004), la sistematización es un proceso teórico y metodológico, que ayuda, a partir de un ordenamiento, de la reflexión crítica, de la evaluación, del análisis y de la interpretación de las experiencias, a conceptualizar y construir conocimiento a través de su comunicación, para así orientar otras experiencias con el fin de mejorar las prácticas sociales. Resultados: Con el cumplimiento del programa, se busca el cuidado individual de los usuarios manteniendo su nivel de independencia en las actividades básicas cotidianas (como el baño, la alimentación y el vestido) e instrumentales (como las llamadas telefónicas, las compras, el cuidado de la casa y de sus elementos, el cumplimiento de los horarios para tomar la medicación y el manejo del dinero). Además, busca la identificación de intereses y el restablecimiento de redes de apoyo familiar, que permiten la inclusión social y familiar de personas en condición de discapacidad mental crónica. El programa ha promovido la inclusión familiar y social del 23 % de los usuarios que han estado en el procesode rehabilitación

Introduction: Nazareth is a Level 1Hospital located at the 20th locality of Bogota, D.C., that develops and introduces actions of health promotion, disease prevention and health recovery, through Centro de desarrollo del potencial humano (CDPH), which is an agro-environmental space that contemplates three components: Eco-therapy Program, Health Themed Chaquen Park, and Experiential Learning. These are based on the Human Occupation model, as a tool for labor and social inclusion, strengthening primary care networks, communication abilities and the acceptance of rural communities, in a natural environment that benefits autonomy processes and interdependence for the personal, family, social, and organizational performance. Objective: Systematization of the developed process with the Eco therapy program users, starting from a literature revision. Methods: According to Carvajal Burbano (2014), the systematization is a theoretical and methodological process. By an arrangement, critical reflection, evaluation, analysis and interpretation of different experiences, it allows conceptualizing and to create knowledge through their communication, and that way, to orient other experiences to improve the social practices. Results: With the programs compliance, it is intended to provide individual care, maintaining its independence levels in daily basic activities such as: bathing, feeding, and dressing, and instrumentals such as: telephone calls, shopping, homecare and its elements, compliance with the schedules to take medicines, and money management. Additionally, it seeks to identify interest and the reestablishment of family support networks that allow for social and family inclusion for people with chronic mental disability. This program has promoted family and social inclusion for 23 % of the users that have been on rehabilitation.

Introdução: O Hospital Nazareth I Nível E.S.E. situado na localidade 20 na cidade de Bogotá, D.C., desenvolve e implementa ações de promoção da saúde, prevenção de doenças e recuperação da saúde, através do Centro de Desenvolvimento do potencial Humano (CDPH) que é um espaço agroambiental que inclui três componentes, o Programa Ecoterapia, o Parque Temático em Saúde e o Aprendizagem Experiencial. Estes são fundamentados no modelo de Ocupação Humana como instrumento de inclusão social e de trabalho, fortalecendo as redes de apoio primário, a potencialização de habilidades comunicativas e a aceitação da comunidade rural em um ambiente natural que favorece os processos de autonomia e interdependência no desempenho pessoal, familiar, social e organizacional. Objetivo: Sistematização do processo desenvolvido com usuários do programa de Ecoterapia, a partir de uma revisão documental. Método: De acordo com Carvajal Burbano (2004) a sistematização é um processo teórico e metodológico, que ajuda a partir de um ordenamento, o pensamento crítico, avaliação, análise e interpretação de experiências para conceituar e construir conhecimentos através de sua comunicação e assim orientar outras experiências para melhorar as práticas sociais. Resultados: Com o cumprimento do programa buscou-se o atendimento individual de usuários, mantendo seu nível de independência em atividades diárias básicas tais como: (banho, alimentação e vestuário) e instrumental como (telefonemas, compras, trabalho doméstico e seus elementos, cumprimento dos horários para tomar a medicação e utilização do dinheiro). Como também, procura a identificação de interesses e restauração das redes de apoio familiar, que permitam a inclusão social e familiar das pessoas que vivem em deficiência mental crônica. O programa tem promovido a inclusão familiar e social de 23 % dos usuários que em processo de reabilitação

Situación de salud oral y calidad de vida de los adultos mayores / Oral health status and quality of life of older adults

Objetivos: Conocer la situación de salud oral y calidad de vida del adulto mayor que asiste a centros de salud pública del área oriente de Santiago de Chile durante los años 2011-2012. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en una muestra probabilística de 380 adultos mayores. Se evaluó historia de caries, estado periodontal y situación protésica. La percepción de calidad de vida se midió con el Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Se establecieron dos categorías: ômala calidad de vidaõ (puntuación ≤ 57) y ôbuena calidad de vidaõV (puntuación >57). El análisis estadístico se hizo en programa STATA 11.0. Resultados: La edad media fue de 71,33 años (D.E. ± 7,26); 66,1% son mujeres; 51,6% casado y 78,9% pensionado. Un 32,4% tiene educación media completa. El COPD fue de 22,16 (IC: 95% 21,72-22,60) mayor en mujeres (p>0,05) y aumenta con la edad (p< 0.05). Un 44% tiene entre 1 y 4 piezas dentarias con lesiones de caries dental. El edentulismo fue de 7,1%. Un 20% presentó sacos periodontales > a 5,5 mm. Un 43% presenta higiene oral regular. Un 59,5% usa prótesis removible en el maxilar superior y 40,3% en el inferior. Un 76,6% percibe como mala su calidad de vida. Conclusión: Los adultos mayores son un grupo de especial interés para la salud pública debido a la mala percepción de su calidad de vida y vulnerabilidad de su salud bucal.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine de the status of oral health and life quality of older adults who attend in public health centers in the area orient of Santiago, Chile during the years 2011-2012. Material and method: A descriptive cross-sectional study in a random sample of 380 older adults. Was evaluated the history of caries, periodontal and prosthetic situation. The perceived life quality was measured with the Geriatric Oral Health Assessment Index (GOHAI). Were established two categories: ôBad quality lifeõ (score ≤ 57) and ôGood life qualityõ (score >57). The statistical analysis was done in STATA 11.0. Results, the average age was 71.33 years (E.D. ±7.26); 66.1% are women; 51.6% are married y 78.9% retired. 32.4% have completed secondary education. The CAOD was 22.16 (CI 95% 21.72 to 22.60) more in women (p> 0.05) and increased with age (p <0.05). The 44% have between 1 and 4 teeth with dental caries. Edentulous was 7.1%. The 20% presented periodontal pockets> 5.5 mm. About 43% have regular oral hygiene. The 59.5% a removable prosthesis used in the maxilla and 40.3% in the mandible. The 76.6% perceived bad quality of life. Conclusion: The elderly are a group of special interest for public health due to poor perception of their life quality and oral health vulnerability.