Sleep-disordered breathing and orthodontic variables in children--pilot study.

INTRODUCTION: Sleep Disordered Breathing (SDB) is a highly prevalent condition associated with orofacial and dentofacial characteristics. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to verify the association of dental malocclusion, molar relationship, crossbite, open bite, overjet, overbite, and crowding with SDB in children aged 7-9 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Participating schools were selected randomly from within the public elementary school system. In the first phase of the study, the parents of 1216 children aged between 7 and 9 years old completed the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) questionnaire and the children had to participate in a dental examination. The evaluation of occlusion was divided into sagittal analysis, vertical analysis, and transverse analysis. In the second phase, 60 children were selected randomly to be undergone polysomnography (PSG) at a sleep clinic. RESULTS: Among the children included, 242 (19.9%) children had normal occlusion. Of the 60 children, 50 underwent PSG and 40 (80%) had SDB. The crossbite and open bite showed association with SDB, p=0.04 in both. CONCLUSION: Crossbite and open bite malocclusions were associated with SDB, and may be predictive of SDB in children. Studies with larger numbers of participants are needed to investigate the association of other malocclusions with SDB, and randomized clinical trials are also needed to see whether orthodontic and/or functional jaw orthopedic treatment is an option for treating children with malocclusion and SDB.

Intra- and interobserver agreement in the diagnosis of malocclusion in sleep-disordered breathing.

UNLABELLED: Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is often related to malocclusion, and dentists should be able to recognize occlusal changes that may be associated with the development, onset, or persistence of SDB. Although clinical examination is routinely used by specialists in orthodontics and functional jaw orthopedics, differences in diagnosis are very common. METHOD: Two observers, both dentists specializing in functional jaw orthopedics, examined 56 children aged 7 to 9 years. Intra- and interobserver agreement in identification of functional orthopedic and orthodontic conditions were assessed. RESULTS: Intraobserver agreement was strong for all variables. Interobserver agreement was also strong, except for the variable overbite, which showed good agreement. CONCLUSION: Diagnostic criteria provide an opportunity for dentists to recognize dental malocclusions that may be associated with sleep-disordered breathing.

Intra- and interobserver agreement in the diagnosis of malocclusion in sleep-disordered breathing / Concordancia intra e inter observadores no diagnostico da ma oclusao dentaria nos disturbios respiratorios do sono

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is often related to malocclusion, and dentists should be able to recognize occlusal changes that may be associated with the development, onset, or persistence of SDB. Although clinical examination is routinely used by specialists in orthodontics and functional jaw orthopedics, differences in diagnosis are very common. Method : Two observers, both dentists specializing in functional jaw orthopedics, examined 56 children aged 7 to 9 years. Intra- and interobserver agreement in identification of functional orthopedic and orthodontic conditions were assessed. Results : Intraobserver agreement was strong for all variables. Interobserver agreement was also strong, except for the variable overbite, which showed good agreement. Conclusion : Diagnostic criteria provide an opportunity for dentists to recognize dental malocclusions that may be associated with sleep-disordered breathing. .

Os distúrbios respiratórios do sono podem estar relacionados com problemas de má oclusão. O cirurgião dentista deve estar apto a reconhecer as alterações oclusais que possam estar associados com o desenvolvimento, instalação ou manutenção dos distúrbios respiratórios do sono. Apesar do exame clínico ser rotineiramente utilizado pelos especialistas em ortodontia e ortopedia funcional dos maxilares, a divergência no diagnóstico é muito frequente. Método : Dois observadores, cirurgiões dentistas, ortopedistas funcionais dos maxilares, examinaram 56 crianças entre 7 e 9 anos de idade para verificar a concordância intra e inter observador na identificação de problemas ortodônticos e ortopédicos funcionais. Resultados : A concordância intraobservador foi forte em todas as variáveis pesquisadas. A concordância interobservador também foi forte exceto na variável sobremordida que foi apresentou boa concordância. Conclusão : O estabelecimento de critérios diagnósticos explícitos dá oportunidade ao cirurgião dentista de reconhecimento das más oclusões dentárias potencialmente associadas aos distúrbios respiratórios do sono. .