[A protocol of assessment, follow-up and nutritional action at a nursing home]. / Protocolo de valoración, seguimiento y actuación nutricional en un centro residencial para personas mayores.

OBJECTIVE: 1) To assess the nutritional status of able elderly, institutionalized at a nursing home; 2) To propose the required nutritional interventions; 3) To establish a consensus protocol for nutritional assessment and follow-up at the Center. METHOD: Cross-sectional study on all able residents, carrying out: 1) Mini Nutritional Assessment Test; 2) Anthropometrical assessment; 3) Biochemical assessment; and 4) an additional questionnaire (gathering information on dental prostheses, swallowing difficulties, and special diets or oral supplements). Analysis of these data to implement appropriate recommendations and elaborating a nutritional protocol. RESULTS: The mean age of the 50 residents assessed was 84 years [66-97], mean weight 62 kg [35-87], mean height 154 cm [140-175], mean body mass index 26 [15.6-36], mean tricipital fold 18.1 mm [4-36], and mean muscle arm circumference 20.6 cm [14.7-27.1]. By using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Test we identified 3/50 (6% [95% CI: 1-16]) malnourished residents, and 6/50 (12% [95% CI: 4-24]) residents at risk for malnourishment. The body mass index allowed to identify 11/50 (22% [95% CI: 11-35]) overweighed residents-body mass index 27-29-, 10/50 (20% [95% CI: 10-33]) with grade I obesity -body mass index 30-35 and 1/50 (2% [95% CI: 0-10]) with grade II obesity-body mass index > 35-. None of them presented values below the 5th percentile for both the tricipital fold and the muscle arm circumference. Values above the 95th percentile were found in 10/50 (20% [95% CI: 10-33]) residents for the tricipital fold and in 7/50 (14% [95% CI: 5-26]) for the muscle arm circumference, both criteria being present in 3 residents. In all of them the body mass index mayor was > 27. When analyzing the biochemical parameters, the results were not concordant, since laboratory workups analyzed were not always done at the same time as the interview. After analyzing the data obtained, a nutritional assessment and follow-up protocol was elaborated in collaboration with the physicians in charge of the Center, in which five categories were defined according to the nutritional status. CONCLUSIONS: 1) 3/50 malnourished residents were identified, 6/50 at risk for malnourishment, and 22/50 with overweight. 2) We proposed the performance of a whole laboratory work-up in these residents, reviewed their dietary habits in order to correct them or prescribe oral supplements, and recommended adapted physical exercise. 3) A nutritional assessment and follow-up protocol was elaborated.

Protocolo de valoración, seguimiento y actuación nutricional en un centro residencial para personas mayores / A protocol of assessment, follow-up and nutricional action at a nursing home

Objetivo: 1) Evaluar el estado nutricional de los ancianos válidos institucionalizados en un Centro Residencial de la Tercera Edad; 2) Proponer las intervenciones nutricionales necesarias, y 3) Establecer un protocolo consensuado de valoración y seguimiento nutricional en el Centro. Método: Estudio transversal sobre la totalidad de los residentes válidos, realizando: 1) Test Mini Nutricional Assessment; 2) Valoración antropométrica; 3) Valoración bioquímica, y 4) cuestionario adicional (informativo sobre prótesis dentales, problemas de deglución, y dietas especiales o suplementos orales). Análisis de estos datos para la realización de las recomendaciones oportunas y la elaboración del protocolo nutricional. Resultados: La edad media de los 50 residentes valorados fue de 84 años [66-97], con un peso medio de 62 kg [35-87], una talla de 154 cm [140-175], un índice de masa corporal medio de 26 [15,6-36], un pliegue tricipital medio de 18,1 mm [4-36] y una circunferencia muscular del brazo media de 20,6 cm [14,7-27,1]. Mediante el test Mini Nutricional Assessment se identificó a 3/50 (6%; [IC95%:1-16]) residentes mal nutridos, y 6/50 (12% [IC95%: 4-24]) en riesgo de malnutrición. El índice de masa corporal permitió identificar a 11/50 (22% [IC 95%: 11-35]) residentes con sobrepeso -índice de masa corporal entre 27 y 29-, a 10/50 (20% [IC 95%: 10-33]) con obesidad de grado I -índice de masa corporal entre 30 y 35- y a 1/50 (2% [IC 95%: 0-10]) con obesidad de grado II -índice de masa corporal mayor de 35-. Ningún residente tuvo valores inferiores al percentil 5 ni en el pliegue tricipital y en la circunferencia muscular del brazo. Tuvieron valores superiores al percentil 95 en el pliegue tricipital 10/50 (20% [IC 95%: 10-33]) y en la circunferencia muscular del brazo 7/50 (14% [IC 95%: 5-26]) coincidiendo ambos criterios en 3 residentes. Todos ellos tenían índice de masa corporal mayor de 27. En el análisis de los parámetros bioquímicos se encontraron resultados no concordantes ya que la analítica valorada no era siempre coincidente con el momento de la entrevista. Tras el análisis de los datos obtenidos, se elaboró junto con los médicos responsables del Centro un protocolo de valoración y seguimiento nutricional, en el que se definen cinco categorías en función del estado nutricional. Conclusiones: 1/Se identificaron 3/50 residentes mal nutridos, 6/50 en riesgo de malnutrición y 22/50 con sobrepeso. 2/Se propuso la realización de una bioquímica completa a estos residentes, la revisión de sus hábitos dietéticos para su modificación o para la prescripción de suplementos orales y la recomendación de realizar ejercicio físico adaptado. 3/Se elaboró un protocolo de valoración y seguimiento nutricional (AU)

Objective: 1) To assess the nutritional status of able elderly, institutionalized at a nursing home; 2) To propose the required nutritional interventions; 3) To establish a consensus protocol for nutritional assessment and follow-up at the Center. Method: Cross-sectional study on all able residents, carrying out: 1) Mini Nutritional Assessment Test; 2) Anthropometrical assessment; 3) Biochemical assessment; and 4) an additional questionnaire (gathering information on dental prostheses, swallowing difficulties, and special diets or oral supplements). Analysis of these data to implement appropriate recommendations and elaborating a nutritional protocol. Results: The mean age of the 50 residents assessed was 84 years [66-97], mean weight 62 kg [35-87], mean height 154 cm [140-175], mean body mass index 26 [15.6-36], mean tricipital fold 18.1 mm [4-36], and mean muscle arm circumference 20.6 cm [14.7-27.1]. By using the Mini Nutritional Assessment Test we identified 3/50 (6% [95% CI: 1-16]) malnourished residents, and 6/50 (12% [95% CI: 4-24]) residents at risk for malnourishment. The body mass index allowed to identify 11/50 (22% [95% CI: 11-35]) overweighed residents-body mass index 27-29-, 10/50 (20% [95% CI: 10-33]) with grade I obesity -body mass index 30-35 and 1/50 (2% [95% CI: 0-10]) with grade II obesity-body mass index > 35-. None of them presented values below the 5th percentile for both the tricipital fold and the muscle arm circumference. Values above the 95th percentile were found in 10/50 (20% [95% CI: 10-33]) residents for the tricipital fold and in 7/50 (14% [95% CI: 5-26]) for the muscle arm circumference, both criteria being present in 3 residents. In all of them the body mass index mayor was > 27. When analyzing the biochemical parameters, the results were not concordant, since laboratory workups analyzed were not always done at the same time as the interview. After analyzing the data obtained, a nutritional assessment and follow-up protocol was elaborated in collaboration with the physicians in charge of the Center, in which five categories were defined according to the nutritional status. Conclusions: 1) 3/50 malnourished residents were identified, 6/50 at risk for malnourishment, and 22/50 with overweight. 2) We proposed the performance of a whole laboratory work-up in these residents, reviewed their dietary habits in order to correct them or prescribe oral supplements, and recommended adapted physical exercise. 3) A nutritional assessment and follow-up protocol was elaborated (AU)

Hipertrofia de ventrículo izquierdo con cifras de presión arterial normales en consulta. Detección de la HTA mediante monitorización ambulatoria de la presión arterial / Left ventricular enlargement with normal office-based blood pressure values. Detection of ah by means of ambulatory lood pressure monitoring

Se describe el caso clínico de un paciente con hipertrofia de ventrículo izquierdo, tanto ecocardiográfica como electrocardiográficamente y con presiones arteriales repetidamente normales en consulta, sin criterios de miocardiopatía hipertrófica. Mediante monitorización ambulatoria de la presión arterial se observa elevación de la misma en un período difícil de ser detectado mediante la toma casual (AU)