Hemodynamic and motion demands of soccer referees: a comparison between series A and B of the State Championship of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Las demandas hemodinámicas y de movimiento de los árbitros de fútbol: una comparación entre las series A y B del Campeonato Estatal de Río de Janeiro, Brasil

Introduction: Soccer referees need excellent conditioning to withstand the physical and psychological demands of games.Objective: To compare the hemodynamic variables, speed, cadence, and distance coursed of referees during soccer gamesof series A and B in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Material and method: The total number of decisions made during the 10 soccer matches evaluated was 1,224 observabledecisions of 10 professional Soccer referees (one per soccer match: 5 in series A and 5 in series B). We used a frequency meter(Polar, model V800, PolarFlow software) and video footage of the games (Sony, model PXW-Z150, 4K). The moments considered were: the decision, 15 seconds that preceded it, and the period from the beginning of each stage to each decision. Were studied the hemodynamic [average heat rate (mean HR), maximum heart rate (HRmax), and minimum heart rate (HRmin)]and motion variables [average speed (Vmed), maximum speed (Vmax), average cadence (cadencemed), maximum cadence(cadencemax), minimum cadence (cadencemin), and distance covered]. Descriptive measures were used to present the resultsof the variables studied and the Student’s T-Test for independent samples to test the study hypotheses. The significance levelwas set at 95% (P <0.05). Results: The matches of series A had a greater number of interventions and greater hemodynamic load at the exact momentof the decision than those of series B. significantly (P <0.05): mean HR, HRmax, HRmin, Vmax, Cadencemed, and Cadencemax in seriesA were higher compared to series B. In the 15 seconds before the decisions: mean HR, HRmax, and HRmin in series A were higherthan in series B, and Vmed in series B was higher in relation to series A. At the exact moment of the decisions: mean HR in seriesA was higher in relation to series B...(AU)

Introducción: Los árbitros de fútbol necesitan un excelente acondicionamiento para soportar las exigencias físicas y psicológicas de los partidos. Objetivo: Comparar las variables hemodinámicas [frecuencia cardíaca media (mean HR), frecuencia cardíaca máxima (HRmax)y frecuencia cardíaca mínima (HRmin)] y desplazamiento [velocidad media (Vmed), velocidad máxima (Vmax), cadencia media(cadencemed), cadencia máxima (cadencemax), cadencia mínima (cadencemin) y distancia recorrida] durante intervencionesarbitrales en partidos entre las series A y B en Río de Janeiro, Brasil. Material y método: Se analizaron 1.224 decisiones observables de 10 árbitros profesionales de fútbol cada uno en 1 partido(10 partidos del Campeonato Carioca: 5 en la serie A y 5 en la B). Se utilizaron frecuencímetros (Polar, modelo V800, softwarePolarFlow) y secuencias de video de los juegos (Sony, modelo PXW-Z150, 4K). Los momentos considerados fueron: la decisión,los 15 segundos que la precedieron y el tiempo desde el inicio de cada etapa hasta cada decisión. Resultados: Los partidos de la serie A tuvieron mayor número de intervenciones y mayor carga hemodinámica en el momentoexacto de la decisión que los de la serie B. significativamente (p <0,05): mean HR, HRmax, HRmin, Vmax, cadencemed y cadencemaxin la serie A fueron mayores que en la serie B. En los 15 segundos previos a las decisiones: mean HR, HRmax y HRmin en la serieA fueron mayores con relación a la serie B, la Vmed en la serie B fue mayor en relación a la serie A. Conclusión: Las intervenciones de los árbitros generalmente se realizan bajo presión hemodinámica elevada. Los partidosdisputados en la serie A requieren un número de intervenciones e intensidad hemodinámica superior a los partidos de laserie B...(AU)

Effects of Multicomponent Exercise Training on the Health of Older Women with Osteoporosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study aimed to analyze the effects of multicomponent exercise training in older women with osteoporosis. We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines and registered on PROSPERO (number CRD42022331137). We searched MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and CINHAL databases for randomized experimental trials that analyzed the effects of physical exercise on health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis. The risk of bias in the studies was verified using the Cochrane Collaboration tool and the Jadad scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the studies. Fourteen randomized controlled trials were included, with a total of 544 participants in the experimental group and 495 in the control group. The mean age of all participants was 68.4 years. The studies combined two to four different exercise types, including strength, aerobic, balance, flexibility, and/or functional fitness training. The practice of multicomponent training with an average of 27.2 weeks, 2.6 sessions per week, and 45 min per session showed improvements in strength, flexibility, quality of life, bone mineral density, balance, and functional fitness and reduced the risk of falls in older women with osteoporosis. Multicomponent training was shown to be effective in improving health-related variables in older women with osteoporosis.

Effects of two training programs on health variables in adults with chronic low back pain: a randomized clinical trial.

Aim: To analyze the effects of two training programs on health variables in adults with low back pain (LBP). Methods: Thirty-eight adults were randomly divided into three groups: resistance training (RG); resistance training with core training (RCG) and control (CG). Results: There were reductions in body mass index (BMI) in RG and RCG, waist circumference in RG and RCG, pain in RG, RCG and CG, CK in RCG, stress in RG and RCG, functional deficiency in RG and RCG and increases in trunk flexor and extensor strength in the RG and RCG. Conclusion: Resistance training, with or without core training exercises, reduced the levels of LBP, functional disability, stress and CK, and increased the strength of trunk flexors and extensors. Trial registration: Brazilian Clinical Trials Registry: ReBEC (RBR-5khzxz).

Resistance and core exercises can be an alternative treatment for adults with low back pain (LBP) that does not require any medicines. This study was designed to test the effectiveness of different exercise regimens on the health of people with low back pain. We divided adults with LBP into three groups: resistance training, resistance training with core training and a control group. We assessed the health of the participants by measuring certain chemicals in their blood samples, pain intensity, functional disability, perceived stress level and muscle strength. After 4 weeks, there were reductions in body mass index, waist circumference, pain, creatine kinase (CK ­ a natural chemical found in the bloodstream that may be higher when muscles are stressed or damaged), stress, functional impairment and increases in the strength of muscles involved in flexing the trunk (torso) in both intervention groups. Therefore, resistance training, with or without basic training exercises, is an effective form of treatment to reduce LBP.

Rhabdomyolysis Episode in an Individual with McArdle's Disease after Low Aerobic Exercise.

McArdle's disease, known as blockage of muscle glycogen metabolism, is characterized by glycogen accumulation of chains in skeletal striated muscles. One of the typical symptoms of the disease is the feeling of intolerance to exercise. Severe muscle cram and contracture, which often cause stiffness, occur due to a lack of muscle energy substrate during the exercise. These factors can lead to muscle damage, myoglobinuria, and, in severe cases, renal failure and rhabdomyolysis. Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome that presents injury and necrosis of muscle cells leading to the release of intracellular material to the circulatory system. The present study aimed to report rhabdomyolysis in an individual with McArdle's disease after exercise of walking with low intensity. Patient, aged 33 years, was treated in the emergency room of a hospital located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. After performing a full lap on the block of home (~500 m in ~4 min 37 s), walking at a moderate speed (~6.5 km/h), the individual felt sick and was rescued, later being hospitalized. The examinations collected presented hematocrit (HCT) compatible with chronic disease anemia and myoglobinuria. The patient was discharged from the intensive care center on the 3rd day, after a 45% drop in creatine kinase. The patient described in the present study achieved full recovery. Attention to symptoms, early diagnosis, and immediate treatment made it possible to interrupt the development of complications caused by rhabdomyolysis, not allowing progression to acute renal failure.

Philosophy of physical education and sports in Brazil: an analysis of the philosophical foundations in the work of Inezil Penna Marinho / Filosofia da educação física e do esporte no Brasil: uma análise dos fundamentos filosóficos na obra de Inezil Penna Marinho

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to investigate the historical origins of the Philosophy of Physical Education and Sports in Brazil. The writings of Inezil Penna Marinho, former Professor of the University of Brazil between 1945 and 1984, were the first on this specific content in Brazil. Data collection resulted in six thematic categories, namely "Comments on Translated Fragments", "Philology of Physical Education and Sports", "Games, Hedonism and Transfiguration", "Leisure and Axiology", "Philosophy of Curricular Physical Education", and "Metaphysics of Brain". Marinho was an Eclectic, Foundationalist, and Casuistic philosopher. In his texts, Physical Education got ethical, axiological, aesthetical, epistemic, psychoanalytical, educational, political, and metaphysical attributes. Additionally, Marinho developed dialogues with authors from Aristotelianism, Platonism, Renaissance, Enlightenment, Evolutionism, Empirism, Freudism, Critical Theory, Hedonism, Platonic Theology, Stoicism, Cartesianism, and Bergsonism. Five classical issues appeared in his production: happiness as a transcendental demand; nature of the correspondence between language and reality; duality mind-body; historical conflict between freedom and domination; constitution of the subject. For him, gymnastics seemed to be higher in axiological importance than sports, games, and general physical activity. This result shows that the Philosophy of Physical Education and Sports in Brazil has its own traditions.

RESUMO O presente estudo objetivou investigar as origens históricas da Filosofia da Educação Física e do Esporte no Brasil. Os escritos de Inezil Penna Marinho, ex-professor da Universidade do Brasil entre 1945 e 1984, foram os primeiros sobre esse conteúdo específico no Brasil. A coleta de dados resultou em seis categorias temáticas, nomeadamente "Comentários sobre Fragmentos Traduzidos", "Filologia da Educação Física e Desporto", "Jogos, Hedonismo e Transfiguração", "Lazer e Axiologia", "Filosofia da Educação Física Curricular" e "Metafísica do cérebro". Marinho foi um filósofo eclético, fundacionalista e casuístico. Nos textos de Marinho, a Educação Física tem atributos éticos, axiológicos, estéticos, epistêmicos, psicanalíticos, educacionais, políticos e metafísicos. Adicionalmente, Marinho desenvolveu diálogos com autores do Aristotelismo, Platonismo, Renascimento, Iluminismo, Evolucionismo, Empirismo, Freudismo, Teoria Crítica, Hedonismo, Teologia Platônica, Estoicismo, Cartesianismo e Bergsonismo. Cinco questões clássicas apareceram em sua produção: a felicidade como demanda transcendental; natureza da correspondência entre linguagem e realidade; dualidade mente-corpo; conflito histórico entre liberdade e dominação; constituição do sujeito. Para Marinho, a ginástica parecia ter maior importância axiológica do que esportes, jogos e atividade física geral. Esse resultado mostra que a Filosofia da Educação Física e do Esporte no Brasil possui tradições próprias.

Effects of Motor Imagery as a Complementary Resource on the Rehabilitation of Stroke Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials.

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the second leading cause of death and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Motor imagery is a technique that can be utilized in the rehabilitation process to improve the lives of patients with a functional disability acquired by this pathology. AIM: To evaluate the effects of motor imagery as a complementary intervention for the rehabilitation of stroke patients. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review in MEDLINE/PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PEDro databases. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used motor imagery as a complementary resource for the rehabilitation of patients affected by stroke, who had motor function and functional independence as outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 1,473 studies found, ten RCTs were included. Regarding the interventions, motor imagery was associated with traditional rehabilitation, virtual reality, physical practice, structured progressive circuit class therapy, and electromyography. The upper and lower extremity performance were accessed through the Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) and gait speed, respectively. Although the practice of motor imagery at least twice a week during three weeks showed to be effective in improving the motor performance of post-stroke patients, the studies' protocols present a high heterogeneity, with training session times lasting between 30 to 180 minutes and a post-stroke invention window of one to 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: Motor imagery has been shown to be an efficacious technique in the treatment of post-stroke patients when used as a complement to traditional rehabilitation techniques. However, greater standardization of interventions and studies with higher methodological quality are required to determine further conclusions.

Performance of brazilian university handball players in the vertical jump after maximum strength training

This study aimed to analyze the performance of the vertical jump with counter movement (CMJ), in university handball athletes, immediately after the maximum strength training in multiple series and after 10 and 15min of rest. Twelve male athletes participated, age 20.9±2.4 years old, height 1.78±0.05m and Body Mass Index (BMI) 28.74±8.1kg/m2. After the tests and retests of 1 repetition maximum (1RM) for the dominant and non-dominant sides, in the leg extension, the volunteers performed crossover after 48 hours of the training sessions. CMJ measurements were collected before and immediately after each training protocol and after 10 and 15min of rest. Passive recovery between sets was three minutes. The intervals between training protocols were at least 45min. There were no statistical differences for the CMJ between the moments pre-, post-training session, 10 and 15min of rest in the different protocols, but progressive increases in the CMJ variables were observed, extending up to the 15th minute of rest, in all training protocols when comparing the results of the means of the CMJ variables of the moments post-training session, 10 and 15min of rest with the averages of the variables from the pre-training session, being more evident in the alternate unilateral protocol, which, unlike the other protocols of the study, performed series with the two lower limbs. It was evidenced that the training protocols of short duration and with high dynamic efforts, previously performed, influenced the performance of the CMJ, favoring for the transient improvement of the explosive muscular strength of the athletes.

Kinesiophobia and functionality perception in postmenopausal women with chronic low back pain / Cinesiofobia e percepção de funcionalidade em mulheres na pós-menopausa portadoras de lombalgia crônica

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Low back pain is the main cause of global disability and is prevalent in women, tending to increase after menopause. The present study aimed to analyze the correlation between body mass index, muscle strength, kinesiophobia, estradiol, functional disability, and low back pain perception in postmenopausal women with chronic low back pain. METHODS: Twenty-two postmenopausal women with chronic low back pain were evaluated. Abdominal and lower back strength were assessed using isometric tests. Basal serum estradiol levels were analyzed using the chemiluminescence method. Kinesiophobia, low back pain perception, and low back functional disability were determined using the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, the visual analog scale, and the Roland Morris Questionnaire, respectively. RESULTS: The Spearman correlation test showed correlations between the levels of kinesiophobia and the value of body mass (rho= -0.513; p=0.015) and the levels of kinesiophobia and the values of body mass index (rho= -0.576; p=0.005). There was correlation between the levels of kinesiophobia and perception of lumbar functional disability (rho= 0.434; p=0.043). No significant correlations were found between the variables of muscle strength, estradiol, and low back pain perception. CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal women with low back pain who have higher body mass and body mass index values tend to present lower levels of kinesiophobia. There is a direct relationship between the fear of moving or maintaining a specific position and the perception of the functionality and safety of the lumbar spine.

RESUMO JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A dor lombar é a principal causa de incapacidade global e possui prevalência em mulheres, tendendo a aumentar após a menopausa. O presente estudo objetivou analisar as associações entre índice de massa corporal, força muscular, cinesiofobia, estradiol, incapacidade funcional e percepção de dor lombar em mulheres na pós-menopausa com dor lombar crônica. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliadas 22 mulheres na pós-menopausa diagnosticadas com dor lombar crônica. A força abdominal e dos extensores da coluna foi avaliada por meio de testes isométricos. Os níveis séricos basais de estradiol foram analisados pelo método de quimiluminescência. A cinesiofobia, a percepção de dor e a incapacidade funcional lombar foram determinadas pela Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, escala analógica visual e Roland Morris Questionnaire, respectivamente. RESULTADOS: O teste de correlação de Spearman mostrou associações entre os níveis de cinesiofobia e os valores de massa corporal total (rho=-0,513; p=0,015) e os níveis de cinesiofobia e os valores de índice de massa corporal (rho=-0,576; p=0,005). Foi encontrada correlação entre os níveis de cinesiofobia e de percepção de incapacidade funcional lombar (rho=0,434; p=0,043). Não houve correlações significativas entre as variáveis força muscular, estradiol e percepção de dor. CONCLUSÃO: Mulheres na pós-menopausa com dor lombar crônica que apresentam maiores valores de massa corporal total e índice de massa corporal tendem a apresentar menores níveis de cinesiofobia. Existe relação direta entre o medo de se movimentar ou permanecer em uma posição específica e a percepção de funcionalidade e segurança da coluna lombar.

Cortisol and serotonin levels in schizophrenic inpatients undergoing aerobic training / Níveis de cortisol e serotonina em pacientes esquizofrênicos submetidos a treinamento aeróbico / Niveles de cortisol y serotonina en pacientes esquizofrénicos sometidos a entrenamiento aeróbico

ABSTRACT Introduction Individuals with schizophrenia tend to have high levels of cortisol and changes in the serotonergic mechanism. However, the effects of aerobic exercises on cortisol and serotonin levels in schizophrenic inpatients are not well established. Objective To evaluate the effects of an aerobic training program on serotonin and cortisol levels in schizophrenic inpatients. Methods Thirty schizophrenic subjects were randomly assigned to an exercise group (EG; n = 15; age: 29 ± 9.08 years; BMI: 23.57 ± 4.33 kg/m2) or a control group (CG; n = 15; age: 33.17 ± 12.8 years; BMI: 22.89 ± 5.68 kg/m2). EG performed an aerobic training program in a cycle ergometer (57% to 67% of the maximum heart rate) for 30 minutes, five days a week, with a total of twenty sessions. The analysis of cortisol (Chemiluminescence Method) and serotonin (High Performance Liquid Chromatography) was performed before and after testing in both groups. The level of significance was of p<0.05. Results After the exercise sessions, EG showed a significant reduction in cortisol levels (Δ = -5.68 mcg/dl%, p < 0.0001) and a significant increase in serotonin levels (Δ = 47.63 ng/ml, p = 0.015) compared to CG. Conclusion The aerobic training program was effective in reducing cortisol levels and increasing serotonin levels in schizophrenic inpatients. Level of evidence I; Randomized clinical trial.

RESUMO Introdução Indivíduos com esquizofrenia tendem a apresentar níveis elevados de cortisol e alterações no mecanismo serotoninérgico. Entretanto, os efeitos dos exercícios aeróbicos sobre os níveis de cortisol e serotonina em pacientes esquizofrênicos não estão bem estabelecidos. Objetivos Avaliar os efeitos de um programa de treinamento aeróbico sobre os níveis de serotonina e cortisol em pacientes esquizofrênicos internados. Métodos Trinta indivíduos esquizofrênicos foram randomicamente designados para um grupo de exercícios (GE; n = 15; idade: 29 ± 9,08 anos; IMC: 23,57 ± 4,33 kg/m2) ou para um grupo controle (GC; n = 15; idade: 33,17 ± 12,8 anos, IMC: 22,89 ± 5,68 kg/m2). O GE realizou um programa de treinamento aeróbico em cicloergômetro (57% a 67% da frequência cardíaca máxima) por 30 minutos, cinco dias por semana, totalizando 20 sessões. A análise de cortisol (método quimioluminescente) e serotonina (cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência) foi realizada antes e depois do teste em ambos os grupos. O nível de significância foi de p < 0,05. Resultados Depois das sessões de exercício, o GE mostrou redução significativa do nível de cortisol (Δ = -5,68 mcg/dl%, p < 0,0001) e aumento significativo do nível de serotonina (Δ = 47,63 ng/ml, p = 0,015) em comparação com o GC. Conclusão O programa de treinamento aeróbico foi efetivo para a redução dos níveis de cortisol e aumento dos níveis de serotonina em pacientes esquizofrênicos. Nível de evidência I; Estudo clínico randomizado.

RESUMEN Introducción Las personas con esquizofrenia tienden a tener altos niveles de cortisol y cambios en el mecanismo serotoninérgico. Sin embargo, los efectos del ejercicio aeróbico sobre los niveles de cortisol y serotonina en pacientes esquizofrénicos no están bien establecidos. Objetivos Evaluar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico sobre los niveles de serotonina y cortisol en pacientes esquizofrénicos internados. Métodos Treinta individuos esquizofrénicos fueron asignados aleatoriamente a un grupo de ejercicio (GE; n = 15; edad: 29 ± 9,08 años; IMC: 23,57 ± 4,33 kg/m2) o a un grupo control (GC; n = 15; edad: 33,17 ± 12,8 años, IMC: 22,89 ± 5,68 kg/m2). GE realizó un programa de entrenamiento aeróbico en cicloergómetro (57% a 67% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima) durante 30 minutos, cinco días a la semana, totalizando 20 sesiones. El análisis de cortisol (método quimioluminiscente) y serotonina (cromatografía líquida de alta resolución) se realizó antes y después de la prueba en ambos grupos. El nivel de significación fue p < 0,05. Resultados Después de las sesiones de ejercicio, el GE mostró una reducción significativa en el nivel de cortisol (Δ = -5,68 mcg/dl٪, p < 0,0001) y un aumento significativo en el nivel de serotonina (Δ = 47,63 ng/ml, p = 0,015) en comparación al GC. Conclusión El programa de entrenamiento aeróbico fue efectivo para reducir los niveles de cortisol y aumentar los niveles de serotonina en pacientes esquizofrénicos. Nivel de evidencia I; Estudio clínico aleatorizado.

Analysis of the relationship between personality traits and leadership characteristics of handball coaches of school teams in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

Aim: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between personality traits and leadership characteristics of handball coaches of school teams in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Method: The sample was composed of 31 male individuals (41.71 ± 9.61 years) registered as coaches at the Federation of Student Sports of Rio de Janeiro (FEERJ). The data collection instruments were the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, the Revised Leadership Scale for Sport and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The Pearson correlation test showed a moderate negative correlation between working time as a coach and coach ages and Psychoticism (P); a moderate positive correlation between Extroversion (E) and Positive Feedback (PF) behavior; a moderate positive correlation between Neuroticism (N) and PF; a moderate positive correlation between N and autocratic behavior. The ANOVA revealed that coaches in the infantile category exhibited higher levels of N than those in the juvenile category. The Social Support (SS) given by the coaches of the junior categories presented superior levels to those of the juvenile category. The SS of the coaches of the infantile category showed higher levels than those of the juvenile category. Conclusion: It was concluded that certain personality traits are associated with the leadership characteristics of the investigated coaches.(AU)

Repercussões da cirurgia bariátrica na qualidade de vida, no perfil bioquímico e na pressão arterial de pacientes com obesidade mórbida / Repercusiones de la cirugía bariátrica en la cualidad de vida, en el perfil bioquímico y en la presión arterial de pacientes con obesidad mórbida / Bariatric surgery repercussions on the quality of life, biochemical profile, and blood pressure of patients with morbid obesity

RESUMO A indicação da cirurgia bariátrica (CB) para perda de peso e redução de comorbidades associadas à obesidade é crescente. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar as repercussões da CB na qualidade de vida (QV), no perfil bioquímico e na pressão arterial (PA) de indivíduos obesos mórbidos em três momentos distintos: um mês antes, três meses depois e seis meses após a CB. Participaram da pesquisa 42 indivíduos com obesidade mórbida do programa de CB de um hospital da cidade de Juiz de Fora - MG, os quais foram aleatoriamente divididos em grupo intervenção (GI, n=21) e grupo controle (GC, n=21). O GI sofreu intervenção cirúrgica e o GC foi orientado a manter os afazeres diários usuais durante todo período do estudo, além de receberem acompanhamento nutricional. Foram avaliados a QV, o perfil bioquímico e a PA através do instrumento SF-36, do exame laboratorial de sangue obtido no prontuário dos pacientes e do esfigmomanômetro e estetoscópio, respectivamente. Os resultados demonstraram redução nas variáveis bioquímicas High-density lipoproteins (HDL), Low-density lipoproteins (LDL), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), colesterol, triglicerídeos, hemoglobina glicada, glicose, pressão arterial sistólica e pressão arterial diastólica no GI, após 6 meses de cirurgia. Houve melhora significativa nas variáveis relacionadas à QV, exceto nos aspectos emocionais. Conclui-se que a CB pode repercutir positivamente na maioria dos domínios da QV, na melhora do perfil bioquímico e na PA de pacientes obesos mórbidos após 3 e 6 meses de CB.

RESUMEN La indicación de la cirugía bariátrica (CB) para pérdida de peso y reducción de comorbidades asociadas a la obesidad es creciente. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido analizar las repercusiones de la CB en la cualidad de vida (CV), en el perfil bioquímico y en la presión arterial (PA) de individuos obesos mórbidos en tres momentos distintos: un mes antes, tres meses después y seis meses después de la CB. Han participado de la investigación 42 individuos con obesidad mórbida del programa de CB de un hospital de la ciudad de Juiz de Fora - MG, los cuales han sido aleatoriamente divididos en grupo intervención (GI, n=21) y grupo control (GC, n=21). El GI ha tenido intervención quirúrgica y el GC ha sido orientado a mantener los quehaceres diarios usuales durante todo el período del estudio, además de recibir acompañamiento nutricional. Han sido evaluados la CV, el perfil bioquímico y la PA a través del instrumento SF-36, del examen de laboratorio de sangre que ha sido obtenido en el historial médico de los pacientes y del esfigmomanómetro y estetoscopio, respectivamente. Los resultados han demostrado la reducción en las variables bioquímicas High-density lipoproteins (HDL), Low-density lipoproteins (LDL), Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL), el colesterol, los triglicéridos, la hemoglobina glicosilada, la glucosa, la presión arterial sistólica y la presión arterial diastólica en el GI, después de 6 meses de cirugía. Ha habido mejora significativa en las variables que han sido relacionadas a la CV, excepto en los aspectos emocionales. Se concluye que la CB puede repercutir positivamente en la mayoría de los dominios de la CV, en la mejora del perfil bioquímico y en la PA de pacientes obesos mórbidos después de 3 y 6 meses de CB.

ABSTRACT The indication of bariatric surgery (BS) for weight loss and reduction of obesity-related comorbidities is increasing. The objective of this study was to analyze the repercussions of BS on quality of life (QOL), biochemical profile, and blood pressure (BP) of morbidly obese individuals at three different moments: one month before, three months after and six months after BS. The sample consisted of 42 morbidly obese individuals from the BS program of a hospital in the city of Juiz de Fora - MG, Brazil. They were randomly divided into intervention group (IG, n = 21) and control group (CG, n = 21). The IG underwent surgical intervention and the CG was instructed to maintain the usual daily tasks throughout the study period, besides receiving nutritional monitoring. The QOL, biochemical profile, and BP were evaluated through the SF-36 instrument, laboratory blood tests obtained in the patients' medical records, and with the sphygmomanometer and stethoscope, respectively. The results showed a reduction in the biochemical variables HDL, LDL, VLDL, cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin, glucose, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure in the IG 6 months after surgery. There was a significant improvement in the variables related to QQL, except in the emotional aspects. It can be concluded that BS can positively affect most QOL domains, improve the biochemical profile and BP of morbidly obese patients 3 and 6 months after BS.

Práticas corporais de saúde para pacientes com fibromialgia: acolhimento e humanização / Corporal health practices for patients with fibromyalgia: reception and humanization

Resumo A fibromialgia é uma síndrome reumática que atinge principalmente mulheres, chegando a acometer cerca de 2% da população brasileira, sendo caracterizada principalmente por dor musculoesquelética crônica e difusa e por 11 de 18 pontos dolorosos à palpação. O diagnóstico é predominantemente clínico e marcado pela ausência de substrato anatômico, confrontando a racionalidade médica ocidental. As práticas corporais de saúde vêm sendo utilizadas como terapêutica não farmacológica para pacientes com fibromialgia. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o acolhimento e a humanização do cuidado nas práticas corporais de saúde para mulheres diagnosticadas com fibromialgia participantes do programa de extensão "Práticas Corporais de Saúde" (PRACORSAU), da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Foram realizadas entrevistas abertas com oito mulheres diagnosticadas com fibromialgia. A metodologia de análise dos dados usada baseou-se na obra A ordem do discurso, de Foucault. Constatou-se, através das falas das mulheres, que o PRACORSAU acolhe e promove o vínculo entre as mulheres que integram as atividades. Todas as pessoas que chegam a um serviço de saúde devem ter a necessidade identificada e obter uma resposta imediata à sua situação. O acolhimento precisa ser reconhecido, pelos profissionais, como um instrumento para reestruturar e redefinir a atenção em saúde.

Abstract Fibromyalgia is a rheumatic syndrome that affects mainly women, reaching about 2% of the Brazilian population, being characterized mainly by chronic and diffuse musculoskeletal pain and 11 of 18 painful points to palpation. The diagnosis is predominantly clinical and marked by the absence of anatomical substrate, confronting Western medical rationality. The corporal health practices have been used as non-pharmacological therapy for patients with fibromyalgia. This research aimed to analyze the reception and humanization of care in the corporal health practices for women diagnosed with fibromyalgia participating in the extension program "Corporal Health Practices" (PRACORSAU), of Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil. Open interviews were conducted with eight women diagnosed with fibromyalgia. The data analysis methodology used was based on Foucault's work The Order of Speech. It was verified, through the statements of the women, that PRACORSAU welcomes and promotes the bond between the women who integrate the activities. All people who arrive at a health service must have the identified need and get an immediate response to their situation. Reception must be recognized by professionals as an instrument to restructure and redefine health care.

Colônias de férias: disciplina e biopolítica infantil / The vacation camp: infant discipline and biopolitics

O presente trabalho versou sobre o biopoder e o poder disciplinar à luz de Michel Foucault, na intenção de discutir alguns saberes e práticas características das Colônias de Férias. Estas são espaços informais de ensino-aprendizagem com atividades lúdicas, cooperativas, competitivas e coletivas, objetivando a promoção do lazer. A partir dessa pesquisa, encontramos fortes propriedades do poder disciplinar e da biopolítica na educação e regulação dos corpos nas Colônias de Férias pesquisadas. O poder disciplinar se manifesta por meio da presença de atividades obrigatórias, regulação de costumes, da vigilância permanente, entre outros. A biopolítica, discutida por Foucault, aparece por intermédio da preocupação com a saúde da população que, por vezes, é colocada como prioridade, acima das escolhas dos indivíduos, dos desejos das crianças e das finalidades sociopolíticas da educação.

The present study examines biopower and disciplinary power, according to Michel Foucault, in order to discuss about some knowledge and practices of Vacation Camps. These camps are teaching-learning informal spaces where recreational, cooperative, competitive and collective activities are found, aiming at promoting leisure time. From this research, we found strong properties of disciplinary power and biopolitics in education and regulation of bodies in the Vacation Camps studied. The disciplinary power exists through the presence of mandatory activities, regulation of habits, permanent surveillance, among others. The biopolitics, discussed by Foucault, emerges from the concern for the health of population, which is sometimes placed as a priority, staying above the individuals' choices, children's desires and sociopolitical purposes of education.

"Faça o que eu digo, mas não faça o que eu faço!": a décalage como ferramenta para compreensão de práticas corporais e alimentares / "Do as I say but do not do as I do!": Décalage as a tool for understanding body and food practices

O objetivo deste texto é apresentar uma ferramenta teórico-instrumental, a décalage, que possibilita uma visão compreensiva sobre os agentes do campo da saúde. A Alimentação e Nutrição e a Educação Física são tomadas como campos científicos de formação, de práticas profissionais e de produção de conhecimentos e saberes que correspondem a dois fortes pilares na reprodução de um específico discurso eivado de normas biomédicas intensamente disseminadas na sociedade. Contudo, nem os profissionais dessas áreas, nem os estudantes dos correspondentes cursos de graduação seguem fielmente aquilo que pregam, como a alimentação saudável e a prática regular de exercícios físicos. Configura-se, assim, um espaço entre "o que se fala" e "o que se faz" em relação às práticas alimentares e corporais, frequentemente identificado como "erro a ser corrigido" na visão biomédica da vida. Distintamente, considera-se aqui a necessidade de um instrumento metodológico que auxilie na compreensão de dois aspectos da subjetividade: a ação e o discurso sobre a ação, que se complementam nas relações sociais. O ser humano convive com a décalage em suas relações sociais, com criatividade na reconstrução de significados, considerando incompatibilidades ou incongruências, sustentando uma dinâmica social na percepção de sua condição de ser humano, criando aquilo que é possível e sonhando com o que seria impossível. Sonhando o impossível, ele constrói o que é possível. Um mundo sempre novo. Talvez um mundo menos doente, se a décalage for considerada.

The aim of this paper is to present a theoretical and instrumental tool, décalage, which enables a comprehensive view of agents in the health field. Food and Nutrition and Physical Education are taken as scientific fields of education, professional practices and knowledge, and guideline productions that correspond to two strong pillars in the reproduction of a particular speech riddled with biomedical standards intensely disseminated in society. However, neither the professionals of these areas nor the students of the corresponding undergraduate courses faithfully follow what they preach, such as healthy eating and regular practice of physical exercises. Thus, a space appears between "what is said" and "what is done" in relation to food and bodily practices, often identified as an "error to be corrected" in the biomedical view of life. Distinctively, here we consider the need of a methodological tool to assist in understanding two aspects of subjectivity: the action and the discourse about the action, which complement each other in social relationships. Human beings live with décalage in their social relations with creativity in the reconstruction of meanings, considering incompatibilities or inconsistencies, sustaining a social dynamic in the sense of their human being condition, creating what is possible and dreaming of what it would be impossible. And, dreaming the impossible, he builds what is possible: an ever new world; perhaps a less ill world, if décalage is considered.