Outbreak of blaOXA-72-producing Acinetobacter baumannii in South America.

Thirty-five Acinetobacter baumannii isolates were recovered from two medical centres in Guayaquil City, Ecuador, from November 2012 to October 2013. Isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF and confirmed by rpoB. PCR methods were employed for epidemiological analysis.Thirty-three A. baumannii isolates were resistant to all ß-lactams. The blaOXA-24/40-like gene was detected in 30 isolates. DNA sequencing identified the blaOXA-24/40-like amplicon as blaOXA-72. The 30 isolates harbouring blaOXA-72 strains showed the same PCR pattern. We report the first outbreak of blaOXA-72-producing A. baumannii in South America. This is the first study carried out in the Republic of Ecuador.

Molecular epidemiology of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in South America.

One hundred and twenty-six epidemiologically sequential, unrelated, carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from nine hospitals in six countries of South America were collected between July 2013 and June 2014. Genes coding for Ambler class D and B carbapenemases were sought by PCR. All isolates were typed using the 3-locus sequence typing and blaOXA-51-like sequence-based typing techniques. The blaOXA-23 gene was recovered in all the participating hospitals and in all the isolates of seven of nine medical centres. The blaOXA-72 gene was only recovered in the two medical centres from Guayaquil city, Ecuador. Trilocus sequence typing revealed the presence of sequence groups SG2, SG4 and SG5. blaOXA-51-like sequence-based typing revealed the presence of blaOXA-132, blaOXA-65, blaOXA-69 and blaOXA-64. Our results showed that the population of carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii in South America was principally associated with ST79, ST25 and ST15 (92 %) and harboured the blaOXA-23 gene mainly. CC2 was not detected.