RESUMO
Background: The presence of atopy is considered as a risk factor for severe respiratory symptoms in children. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of atopy on the course of disease in children hospitalised with viral pneumonia. Methods: Children between the ages of 1 and 6 years hospitalised due to viral pneumonia between the years of 2013 and 2016 were included to this multicentre study. Patients were classified into two groups as mild-moderate and severe according to the course of pneumonia. Presence of atopy was evaluated with skin prick tests. Groups were compared to evaluate the risk factors associated with severe viral pneumonia. Results: A total of 280 patients from nine centres were included in the study. Of these patients, 163 (58.2%) were male. Respiratory syncytial virus (29.7%), Influenza A (20.5%), rhinovirus (18.9%), adenovirus (10%), human metapneumovirus (8%), parainfluenza (5.2%), coronavirus (6%), and bocavirus (1.6%) were isolated from respiratory samples. Eighty-five (30.4%) children had severe pneumonia. Atopic sensitisation was found in 21.4% of the patients. Ever wheezing (RR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.4), parental asthma (RR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.2), other allergic diseases in the family (RR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.9) and environmental tobacco smoke (RR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-3.5) were more common in the severe pneumonia group. Conclusions: When patients with mild-moderate pneumonia were compared to patients with severe pneumonia, frequency of atopy was not different between the two groups. However, parental asthma, ever wheezing and environmental tobacco smoke exposure are risk factors for severe viral pneumonia in children (AU)
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/complicações , Pneumonia Viral/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Criança Hospitalizada/estatística & dados numéricos , Asma/epidemiologia , Rinite Alérgica/epidemiologia , Hipersensibilidade Respiratória/epidemiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress (OS) has an important effect on the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD). Thiols are antioxidants that regulate intracellular redox metabolism and protect keratinocytes against OS damage in the stratum corneum. AIM: To investigate dynamic thiol-disulphide homeostasis (dTDH) as a novel OS parameter in children with AD, and its relationship with disease severity and chronicity. METHODS: Severity of AD was determined by using the instruments SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) and Eczema Area And Severity Index (EASI) upon enrolment in the study (SCORAD1 and EASI1 ) and after 1 year (SCORAD2 and EASI2 ). Native thiol, total thiol and disulphide levels were measured as novel OS parameters, and the ratios of disulphide/native thiol, disulphide/total thiol and native/total thiol were calculated as dTDH. RESULTS: In the AD group, the serum disulphide level and the ratios of disulphide/native thiol and disulphide/total thiol were significantly lower than in healthy controls (P = 0.01, P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). There was no significant association between OS parameters and disease severity (P > 0.05). SCORAD2 and EASI2 were positively correlated with disulphide/native thiol ratio (r = 0.29, P < 0.03 and r = 0.35, P < 0.01, respectively), whereas they were negatively correlated with the native/total thiol ratio (r = -0.30, P = 0.02 for both). CONCLUSIONS: Both OS and impaired dTDH were found to be related to childhood AD. None of the OS parameters was associated with AD severity. dTDH is a possible diagnostic tool to predict AD chronicity.
Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/metabolismo , Dissulfetos/metabolismo , Estresse Oxidativo/fisiologia , Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismo , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Pré-Escolar , Doença Crônica , Dermatite Atópica/classificação , Feminino , Homeostase/fisiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The presence of atopy is considered as a risk factor for severe respiratory symptoms in children. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of atopy on the course of disease in children hospitalised with viral pneumonia. METHODS: Children between the ages of 1 and 6 years hospitalised due to viral pneumonia between the years of 2013 and 2016 were included to this multicentre study. Patients were classified into two groups as mild-moderate and severe according to the course of pneumonia. Presence of atopy was evaluated with skin prick tests. Groups were compared to evaluate the risk factors associated with severe viral pneumonia. RESULTS: A total of 280 patients from nine centres were included in the study. Of these patients, 163 (58.2%) were male. Respiratory syncytial virus (29.7%), Influenza A (20.5%), rhinovirus (18.9%), adenovirus (10%), human metapneumovirus (8%), parainfluenza (5.2%), coronavirus (6%), and bocavirus (1.6%) were isolated from respiratory samples. Eighty-five (30.4%) children had severe pneumonia. Atopic sensitisation was found in 21.4% of the patients. Ever wheezing (RR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.4), parental asthma (RR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.2), other allergic diseases in the family (RR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.9) and environmental tobacco smoke (RR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-3.5) were more common in the severe pneumonia group. CONCLUSIONS: When patients with mild-moderate pneumonia were compared to patients with severe pneumonia, frequency of atopy was not different between the two groups. However, parental asthma, ever wheezing and environmental tobacco smoke exposure are risk factors for severe viral pneumonia in children.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade Imediata/epidemiologia , Pneumonia Viral/epidemiologia , Viroses/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Fumar Cigarros , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Risco , Testes Cutâneos , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders are seen frequently in atopic diseases. The present study aims to evaluate the frequency of psychiatric disorders and the severity of psychiatric symptoms in pre-school children with cow's milk allergy. METHODS: The parents of the pre-school children with cow's milk allergy were interviewed in person and asked to fill out the Early Childhood Inventory-4 form. RESULTS: The cow's milk allergy group included 40 children (27 male, 13 female) with mean age, 44.5±14.7 months, and the control group included 41 children (25 male, 16 female) with mean age, 47.6±15.2 months. It was established that 65% of the group with cow's milk allergy received at least one psychiatric diagnosis, while 36.6% of the control group received at least one psychiatric diagnosis, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.02). Within the psychiatric disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (odds ratio: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.472-16.856, p = 0.006), oppositional defiant disorder (odds ratio: 5.6, 95% CI: 1.139-28.128, p = 0.026), and attachment disorder (odds ratio: 4.8, 95% CI: 1.747-13.506, p = 0.004) were found significantly higher compared with the healthy CONTROL GROUP: When the groups were compared in terms of psychiatric symptom severity scores, calculated by using the Early Childhood Inventory-4 form, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders severity (p = 0.006) and oppositional defiant disorder severity (p = 0.037) were found to be higher in the cow's milk allergy group. CONCLUSIONS: Psychiatric disorders are frequent and severe in pre-school children with cow's milk allergy
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/complicações , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade a Leite/complicações , Hipersensibilidade a Leite/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/imunologia , Razão de Chances , Diagnóstico Precoce , 28599RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Psychiatric disorders are seen frequently in atopic diseases. The present study aims to evaluate the frequency of psychiatric disorders and the severity of psychiatric symptoms in pre-school children with cow's milk allergy. METHODS: The parents of the pre-school children with cow's milk allergy were interviewed in person and asked to fill out the Early Childhood Inventory-4 form. RESULTS: The cow's milk allergy group included 40 children (27 male, 13 female) with mean age, 44.5±14.7 months, and the control group included 41 children (25 male, 16 female) with mean age, 47.6±15.2 months. It was established that 65% of the group with cow's milk allergy received at least one psychiatric diagnosis, while 36.6% of the control group received at least one psychiatric diagnosis, with a statistically significant difference (p=0.02). Within the psychiatric disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (odds ratio: 4.9, 95% CI: 1.472-16.856, p=0.006), oppositional defiant disorder (odds ratio: 5.6, 95% CI: 1.139-28.128, p=0.026), and attachment disorder (odds ratio: 4.8, 95% CI: 1.747-13.506, p=0.004) were found significantly higher compared with the healthy control group. When the groups were compared in terms of psychiatric symptom severity scores, calculated by using the Early Childhood Inventory-4 form, attention deficit hyperactivity disorders severity (p=0.006) and oppositional defiant disorder severity (p=0.037) were found to be higher in the cow's milk allergy group. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric disorders are frequent and severe in pre-school children with cow's milk allergy.
Assuntos
Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/epidemiologia , Transtornos de Deficit da Atenção e do Comportamento Disruptivo/epidemiologia , Hipersensibilidade a Leite/epidemiologia , Transtorno Reativo de Vinculação na Infância/epidemiologia , Animais , Bovinos , Pré-Escolar , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Inquéritos e Questionários , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To compare with a control group the frequency of psychiatric disorders and severity of psychiatric symptoms in preschool children with atopic eczema. METHODS: The study included children between the ages of 3-5 who were diagnosed to have atopic eczema. The parents of the children with atopic eczema were interviewed in person and were asked to fill in 'The Early Childhood Inventory-4' form. This form assesses the psychiatric disorders and symptoms severity in children between the ages of 3-5. RESULTS: The atopic eczema group included 80 patients (38 male, 42 female) with a mean age of 48.4 ± 15.7 months and the control group included 74 patients (41 male, 33 female) with a mean age of 49.9 ± 15.19 months. It was established that 68.8% of the group with atopic eczema received at least one psychiatric diagnosis. Between the psychiatric disorders, ADHD (Odds ratio: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.049-6.298, p = 0.035), enuresis and encopresis (Odds ratio: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.121-5.097,p = 0.022) and attachment disorder (Odds ratio: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.046-3.953, p = 0.035) were found to be significantly higher when compared with the healthy control group. When the groups were compared in terms of psychiatric symptom severity scores calculated by using ECI-4, ADHD severity (p = 0.043), conduct disorder severity (p = 0.001), anxiety disorders severity (p < 0.001), eating disorders severity (p = 0.011) and tic disorder severity (p = 0.01) were found to be higher in the atopic eczema group. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric illnesses are frequent in preschool children with atopic eczema
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Dermatite Atópica/diagnóstico , Transtorno do Deficit de Atenção com Hiperatividade/diagnóstico , Enurese , Encoprese , Monitoramento Epidemiológico/tendências , Transtorno da Conduta , Transtornos de Ansiedade , Transtornos de Tique , Transtornos de Alimentação na Infância , Estresse Psicológico , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: To compare with a control group the frequency of psychiatric disorders and severity of psychiatric symptoms in preschool children with atopic eczema. METHODS: The study included children between the ages of 3-5 who were diagnosed to have atopic eczema. The parents of the children with atopic eczema were interviewed in person and were asked to fill in "The Early Childhood Inventory-4" form. This form assesses the psychiatric disorders and symptoms severity in children between the ages of 3-5. RESULTS: The atopic eczema group included 80 patients (38 male, 42 female) with a mean age of 48.4 ± 15.7 months and the control group included 74 patients (41 male, 33 female) with a mean age of 49.9 ± 15.19 months. It was established that 68.8% of the group with atopic eczema received at least one psychiatric diagnosis. Between the psychiatric disorders, ADHD (Odds ratio: 2.57, 95% CI: 1.049-6.298, p=0.035), enuresis and encopresis (Odds ratio: 2.39, 95% CI: 1.121-5.097, p=0.022) and attachment disorder (Odds ratio: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.046-3.953, p=0.035) were found to be significantly higher when compared with the healthy control group. When the groups were compared in terms of psychiatric symptom severity scores calculated by using ECI-4, ADHD severity (p=0.043), conduct disorder severity (p=0.001), anxiety disorders severity (p<0.001), eating disorders severity (p=0.011) and tic disorder severity (p=0.01) were found to be higher in the atopic eczema group. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric illnesses are frequent in preschool children with atopic eczema.
Assuntos
Dermatite Atópica/epidemiologia , Transtornos Mentais/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Progressão da Doença , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e Questionários , Turquia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the number of studies regarding newly-diagnosed food allergies after liver transplantation has been increasing. In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency, aetiology, risk factors, and severity of IgE-mediated food allergies after liver transplantation in children. METHODS: Paediatric patients who underwent liver transplantation at Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute were included in the study. RESULTS: Forty-nine paediatric patients were enrolled in the study; 26 (53.1%) were female, the median age at transplantation was five years, and median follow-up time after transplantation was 16 months. Six patients (12.2%) developed IgE-mediated food allergies after transplantation; four had urticaria and/or angio-oedema and two developed anaphylaxis after food intake. Patients with and without IgE-mediated food allergies were similar in terms of sex, age at transplantation, comorbid atopic disease, immunosuppressant therapy with tacrolimus, and blood tacrolimus level (p > 0.05 for each). Serum total IgE levels ≥100 IU/mL (p = 0.02) and peripheral eosinophilia (p = 0.026) were more common in the patients who developed IgE-mediated food allergies. In five of the six patients who developed IgE-mediated food allergies, reaction occurred within the first year after transplantation; the risk of developing a reaction was 2.7 times higher within the first year after transplantation than in subsequent years (95% CI, 1.546-4.914; p = 0.026). No Epstein-Barr virus or cytomegalovirus infections were detected in any of the patients who developed IgE-mediated food allergies after liver transplantation. CONCLUSION: The risk of developing IgE-mediated food allergies is approximately three times higher within the first year after transplantation than in subsequent years
No disponible
Assuntos
Criança , Humanos , Transplante de Fígado , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/imunologia , Tacrolimo/farmacocinética , Fatores de Risco , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/epidemiologia , Eosinofilia/epidemiologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in childhood asthma remains unknown. This study aimed to measure the serum levels of NGAL in children with asthma and to investigate the correlation between NGAL and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), a good indicator of airway remodeling in children with asthma. METHODS: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 children. Serum NGAL and TGF-β1 concentrations were measured by the ELISA method. Complete blood count, high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and total serum IgE were investigated in the study population. Atopy in the asthma group was investigated using a skin prick test and specific IgE measurements. RESULTS: Forty-three asthmatic children and 32 healthy children were enrolled in the study. Total eosinophil numbers, white blood cell count, total serum IgE levels and ECP levels were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the control group (p < 0.05). Similarly, serum TGF-β1 levels were significantly higher in children with asthma (p = 0.012). The difference in NGAL levels between the groups was insignificant (p = 0.268). NGAL levels did not show a significant correlation with total IgE, ECP, eosinophil numbers and TGF-β1 levels (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: As a conclusion, while elevated TGF-β1 levels in children with asthma might be regarded as an indicator of airway remodeling, we did not find a similar prediction strength for NGAL. Further studies are required to better identify the role of NGAL in childhood asthma and to determine its potential use as a clinical marker
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Asma/genética , Asma/metabolismo , Gelatinases/administração & dosagem , Gelatinases/deficiência , Testes Cutâneos/métodos , Obesidade Abdominal/diagnóstico , Asma/complicações , Asma/prevenção & controle , Gelatinases , Gelatinases/farmacologia , Testes Cutâneos/instrumentação , Obesidade Abdominal/complicaçõesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A few experimental studies related to asthma have unveiled the beneficial effects of TNF alpha blocking agents on the airway histology, cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. In the current study, we aimed to assess the effect of adalimumab on the inflammation and histology of asthma in a murine model. METHOD: Twelve-week-old BALB/c (H-2d/d) female rats (n = 18) were allocated into three groups, including (group I) control (phosphate-buffered saline was implemented), (group II) asthma induced with OVA (n = 6), and (group III) asthma induced with OVA + treated with adalimumab (n = 6). Rats were executed on the 28th day of the study. The lung samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Lung parenchyma, alveolus, peribronchial and perivascular inflammation were assessed. Lung pathological scoring was performed. RESULT: Severity of lung damage was found to be reduced significantly in the asthma induced with OVA + treated with adalimumab group. When compared with the untreated group, adalimumab significantly reduced the inflammatory cells around the bronchi and bronchioles, and reduced inflammation of the alveolar wall and alveolar wall thickness as well (median score = 1, p = 0.52). Peribronchial smooth muscle hypertrophy and oedema were significantly reduced after adalimumab administration. CONCLUSION: Adalimumab (a human monoclonal anti-TNF alpha antibody) therapy significantly reduced the severity of lung damage by decreasing cellular infiltration and improvement on the lung histology in a murine model of acute asthma
No disponible
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/farmacocinética , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/antagonistas & inibidores , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Substâncias Protetoras/farmacocinética , Citocinas/análise , Ovalbumina/farmacocinéticaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The role of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in childhood asthma remains unknown. This study aimed to measure the serum levels of NGAL in children with asthma and to investigate the correlation between NGAL and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-ß1), a good indicator of airway remodeling in children with asthma. METHODS: This prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 children. Serum NGAL and TGF-ß1 concentrations were measured by the ELISA method. Complete blood count, high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and total serum IgE were investigated in the study population. Atopy in the asthma group was investigated using a skin prick test and specific IgE measurements. RESULTS: Forty-three asthmatic children and 32 healthy children were enrolled in the study. Total eosinophil numbers, white blood cell count, total serum IgE levels and ECP levels were significantly higher in the asthma group than in the control group (p<0.05). Similarly, serum TGF-ß1 levels were significantly higher in children with asthma (p=0.012). The difference in NGAL levels between the groups was insignificant (p=0.268). NGAL levels did not show a significant correlation with total IgE, ECP, eosinophil numbers and TGF-ß1 levels (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: As a conclusion, while elevated TGF-ß1 levels in children with asthma might be regarded as an indicator of airway remodeling, we did not find a similar prediction strength for NGAL. Further studies are required to better identify the role of NGAL in childhood asthma and to determine its potential use as a clinical marker.
Assuntos
Asma/diagnóstico , Eosinófilos/imunologia , Lipocalinas/sangue , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/sangue , Fator de Crescimento Transformador beta1/sangue , Proteínas de Fase Aguda , Remodelação das Vias Aéreas/imunologia , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Proteína Catiônica de Eosinófilo/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Lipocalina-2 , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: A few experimental studies related to asthma have unveiled the beneficial effects of TNF alpha blocking agents on the airway histology, cytokine levels in bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. In the current study, we aimed to assess the effect of adalimumab on the inflammation and histology of asthma in a murine model. METHOD: Twelve-week-old BALB/c (H-2d/d) female rats (n=18) were allocated into three groups, including (group I) control (phosphate-buffered saline was implemented), (group II) asthma induced with OVA (n=6), and (group III) asthma induced with OVA+treated with adalimumab (n=6). Rats were executed on the 28th day of the study. The lung samples were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Lung parenchyma, alveolus, peribronchial and perivascular inflammation were assessed. Lung pathological scoring was performed. RESULT: Severity of lung damage was found to be reduced significantly in the asthma induced with OVA+treated with adalimumab group. When compared with the untreated group, adalimumab significantly reduced the inflammatory cells around the bronchi and bronchioles, and reduced inflammation of the alveolar wall and alveolar wall thickness as well (median score=1, p=0.52). Peribronchial smooth muscle hypertrophy and oedema were significantly reduced after adalimumab administration. CONCLUSION: Adalimumab (a human monoclonal anti-TNF alpha antibody) therapy significantly reduced the severity of lung damage by decreasing cellular infiltration and improvement on the lung histology in a murine model of acute asthma.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/administração & dosagem , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/administração & dosagem , Asma/tratamento farmacológico , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Hipersensibilidade Respiratória/tratamento farmacológico , Adalimumab , Alérgenos/imunologia , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/efeitos adversos , Anticorpos Monoclonais Humanizados/efeitos adversos , Asma/imunologia , Movimento Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Humanos , Pulmão/patologia , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Ovalbumina/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade Respiratória/imunologia , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/imunologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In recent years, the number of studies regarding newly-diagnosed food allergies after liver transplantation has been increasing. In this study, we aimed to investigate the frequency, aetiology, risk factors, and severity of IgE-mediated food allergies after liver transplantation in children. METHODS: Paediatric patients who underwent liver transplantation at Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Organ Transplantation Institute were included in the study. RESULTS: Forty-nine paediatric patients were enrolled in the study; 26 (53.1%) were female, the median age at transplantation was five years, and median follow-up time after transplantation was 16 months. Six patients (12.2%) developed IgE-mediated food allergies after transplantation; four had urticaria and/or angio-oedema and two developed anaphylaxis after food intake. Patients with and without IgE-mediated food allergies were similar in terms of sex, age at transplantation, comorbid atopic disease, immunosuppressant therapy with tacrolimus, and blood tacrolimus level (p>0.05 for each). Serum total IgE levels ≥100 IU/mL (p=0.02) and peripheral eosinophilia (p=0.026) were more common in the patients who developed IgE-mediated food allergies. In five of the six patients who developed IgE-mediated food allergies, reaction occurred within the first year after transplantation; the risk of developing a reaction was 2.7 times higher within the first year after transplantation than in subsequent years (95% CI, 1.546-4.914; p=0.026). No Epstein-Barr virus or cytomegalovirus infections were detected in any of the patients who developed IgE-mediated food allergies after liver transplantation. CONCLUSION: The risk of developing IgE-mediated food allergies is approximately three times higher within the first year after transplantation than in subsequent years.
Assuntos
Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/epidemiologia , Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/etiologia , Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Lactente , MasculinoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The role of osteopontin (OPN) has not been elucidated in childhood asthma. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate whether OPN levels change due to allergic inflammation in pre-school and school-age children. METHODS: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, 42 healthy children and a total of 51 children with asthma were recruited. OPN levels and its association with clinical and laboratory parameters were investigated in the study population. The asthma group were divided into two groups with respect to age, ≤5-years (n = 23) and >5-years (n = 28), and labelled Asthma Group 1 and Asthma Group 2, respectively. OPN levels were compared between subgroups. RESULTS: Serum OPN levels were significantly higher in the asthma group when compared to the control group (p = 0.004). OPN levels were similar in Asthma Group 1 and control groups, whereas it was found to be higher in Asthma Group 2 (p > 0.025, p = 0.001, respectively). In the >5-years age asthmatic group, OPN levels of the patients with allergic rhinitis (n = 15) were higher than those of the patients (n = 13) without allergic rhinitis (p = 0.021). CONCLUSION: The study underscores the relationship between childhood asthma and OPN as the first study in the literature. In this study we found that OPN, which plays a role in Th2 mediated inflammation, may also play a role in childhood asthma. The fact that OPN levels do not increase in preschool-age children with asthma might be due to the transient wheezing in this group
No disponible
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Osteopontina/sangue , Asma/sangue , Sons Respiratórios/imunologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Células Th2 , Mediadores da Inflamação/análise , Inflamação/imunologiaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The role of osteopontin (OPN) has not been elucidated in childhood asthma. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to investigate whether OPN levels change due to allergic inflammation in pre-school and school-age children. METHODS: In this prospective, cross-sectional study, 42 healthy children and a total of 51 children with asthma were recruited. OPN levels and its association with clinical and laboratory parameters were investigated in the study population. The asthma group were divided into two groups with respect to age, ≤ 5-years (n = 23) and >5-years (n = 28), and labelled Asthma Group 1 and Asthma Group 2, respectively. OPN levels were compared between subgroups. RESULTS: Serum OPN levels were significantly higher in the asthma group when compared to the control group (p = 0.004). OPN levels were similar in Asthma Group 1 and control groups, whereas it was found to be higher in Asthma Group 2 (p>0.025, p = 0.001, respectively). In the >5-years age asthmatic group, OPN levels of the patients with allergic rhinitis (n = 15) were higher than those of the patients (n=13) without allergic rhinitis (p = 0.021). CONCLUSION: The study underscores the relationship between childhood asthma and OPN as the first study in the literature. In this study we found that OPN, which plays a role in Th2 mediated inflammation, may also play a role in childhood asthma. The fact that OPN levels do not increase in preschool-age children with asthma might be due to the transient wheezing in this group.
Assuntos
Asma/sangue , Osteopontina/sangue , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Ophthalmologists frequently use mydriatics both for diagnosis (retinal exploration, refraction tests) and for treatment. Cyclopentolate is used to induce quick and successful mydriasis for pediatric eye examination. Hypersensitivity reaction to cyclopentolate is very uncommon, especially in children. We report the case of a child who experienced a hypersensitivity reaction to cyclopentolate during preparation for an eye examination under cycloplegia.
Assuntos
Alérgenos/administração & dosagem , Ciclopentolato/efeitos adversos , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/diagnóstico , Midriáticos/efeitos adversos , Soluções Oftálmicas/administração & dosagem , Alérgenos/imunologia , Anafilaxia , Pré-Escolar , Ciclopentolato/administração & dosagem , Ciclopentolato/química , Ciclopentolato/imunologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/tratamento farmacológico , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/fisiopatologia , Dispneia , Edema , Epinefrina/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Imunização , Masculino , Midriáticos/administração & dosagem , Midriáticos/química , Midriáticos/imunologia , Soluções Oftálmicas/análise , Testes CutâneosAssuntos
Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/etiologia , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/induzido quimicamente , Omeprazol/uso terapêutico , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade a Drogas/terapia , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/imunologia , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/terapia , Masculino , Omeprazol/efeitos adversos , Inibidores da Bomba de Prótons/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Although complete blood count is routinely ordered in most upper urinary tract infections (UTI), and information regarding the patient's platelet indices is made available without added cost, the relationship between platelet count and mean platelet volume (MPV) and specific platelet responses to different infectious agents has not been extensively characterized in UTI. The objectives of this study were to examine platelet counts and platelet indices in children with culture-proven upper UTI to determine if there are organism-specific platelet responses. A retrospective analysis of data from all pediatric urine samples processed at Fatih University Medical School microbiology laboratory was undertaken for a period of two years (January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2006). Of the 200 patients with positive urine cultures, 146 (73%) were infected with gram-negative bacteria and 54 (27%) grew gram-positive bacteria. The platelet count during the episode of upper UTI and the incidence of thrombocytosis was significantly higher with the gram-positive infections than with the gram-negative infections or controls (p < 0.05). A statistically significant higher MPV was detected in the subjects with upper UTI (p < 0.05). Also, our data showed a statistically significant increase in MPV with gram-positive infections compared with the other groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, based on the importance of the hemostatic component in the pathophysiology of infections, our findings of platelet count and MPV and predictivity of the type of the organism would suggest the usefulness of the routine measurements in children with upper UTI.
Assuntos
Contagem de Plaquetas , Trombocitose/diagnóstico , Infecções Urinárias/diagnóstico , Urina/microbiologia , Centros Médicos Acadêmicos , Análise de Variância , Anti-Infecciosos Urinários/administração & dosagem , Biomarcadores/análise , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Criança Hospitalizada , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/efeitos dos fármacos , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Masculino , Probabilidade , Valores de Referência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Trombocitose/epidemiologia , Resultado do Tratamento , Urinálise , Infecções Urinárias/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Urinárias/microbiologiaRESUMO
Eyebrows are important structures both cosmetically and functionally. Diffuse alopecia of the eyebrows (sparseness of the eyebrows) may be seen in many acquired or congenital conditions. In this article, a family with diffuse eyebrow alopecia is reported.
Assuntos
Alopecia/genética , Sobrancelhas , Criança , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Ceftriaxone, a third generation cephalosporin, is widely used for treating infection during childhood. The kidneys eliminate approximately 33-67% of this agent, and the remainder is eliminated via the biliary system. Ceftriaxone may bind with calcium ions and form insoluble precipitate leading to biliary pseudolithiasis. The aim of this study was to assess whether ceftriaxone associated nephrolithiasis develops by the same mechanism, and whether this condition is dose related. METHODS: The study involved 51 children with various infections. Of these, 24 were hospitalized with severe infection and received 100 mg/kg/day ceftriaxone divided into two equal intravenous doses. The other 27 patients received a single daily intramuscular injection of 50 mg/kg/day. Serum and urine parameters were evaluated before and after treatment, and abdominal ultrasonographic examinations were also carried out before and after treatment. RESULTS: Serum urea, creatinine, and calcium levels were normal in all patients before and after treatment. Post-treatment ultrasound identified nephrolithiasis in four (7.8%) of the 51 subjects. The stones were all of small size (2 mm). Comparison of the groups with and without nephrolithiasis revealed no significant differences with respect to age, sex distribution, duration of treatment, or dose/route of administration of ceftriaxone. The renal stones disappeared spontaneously in three of the four cases, but were still present in one patient 7 months after ceftriaxone treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Conclusions: The study showed that children taking a 7 day course of normal or high dose ceftriaxone may develop small sized asymptomatic renal stones. The overall incidence of nephrolithiasis in this study was 7.8%.