Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
Mais filtros










Base de dados
Intervalo de ano de publicação
1.
Cold Spring Harb Protoc ; 2023(10): 719-24, 2023 10 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37019606

RESUMO

Drosophila melanogaster is a powerful genetic model for investigating the mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced behaviors, metabolism, and preference. Ethanol-induced locomotor activity is especially useful for understanding the mechanisms by which ethanol acutely affects the brain and behavior. Ethanol-induced locomotor activity is characterized by hyperlocomotion and subsequent sedation with increased exposure duration or concentration. Locomotor activity is an efficient, easy, robust, and reproducible behavioral screening tool for identifying underlying genes and neuronal circuits as well as investigating genetic and molecular pathways. We introduce a detailed protocol for performing experiments investigating how volatilized ethanol affects locomotor activity using the fly Group Activity Monitor (flyGrAM). We introduce installation, implementation, data collection, and subsequent data-analysis methods for investigating how volatilized stimuli affect activity. We also introduce a procedure for how to optogenetically probe neuronal activity to identify the neural mechanisms underlying locomotor activity.


Assuntos
Drosophila , Etanol , Animais , Etanol/metabolismo , Drosophila melanogaster/genética , Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Neurônios/metabolismo
2.
Cold Spring Harb Protoc ; 2023(10): pdb.prot108138, 2023 Oct 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37019608

RESUMO

Locomotion is a behavioral readout that can be used to understand responses to specific stimuli or perturbations. The fly Group Activity Monitor (flyGrAM) provides a high-throughput and high-content readout of the acute stimulatory and sedative effects of ethanol. The flyGrAM system is adaptable and seamlessly introduces thermogenetic or optogenetic stimulation to dissect neural circuits underlying behavior and tests responses to other volatilized stimuli (humidified air, odorants, anesthetics, vaporized drugs of abuse, etc.). The automated quantification and readout of activity provide users with a real-time representation of the group activity within each chamber throughout the experiment, helping users to quickly determine proper ethanol doses and duration, run behavioral screens, and plan follow-up experiments.


Assuntos
Drosophila , Etanol , Animais , Comportamento Animal , Locomoção , Optogenética
3.
BMJ Open ; 13(1): e066175, 2023 01 30.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36717148

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Substance use disorders (SUDs) take an enormous toll on US Veterans and civilians alike. Existing empirically supported interventions vary by substance and demonstrate only moderate efficacy. Non-invasive brain stimulation represents an innovative treatment for SUDs, yet aspects of traditional neurostimulation may hinder its implementation in SUD populations. Synchronised transcranial magnetic stimulation (sTMS) uses rotating rare earth magnets to deliver low-field stimulation synchronised to an individual's alpha peak frequency that is safe for at-home administration. The current trial aims to assess the acceptability and feasibility of sTMS, as well as the safety of at-home sTMS administration for substance-disordered Veterans. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Sixty Veterans in substance treatment at the Providence Veterans Affairs will be randomised to receive 6 weeks of active or sham sTMS treatment. Eligibility will be confirmed by meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition criteria for an alcohol, cocaine or opioid use disorder. Daily supervised sTMS treatment will occur either in clinic or at home through video monitoring. Clinical and self-report assessments will be completed at baseline, end of treatment and 1-month follow-up. Urine drug screening will occur once per week during the treatment phase. Primary outcomes include treatment adherence/retention and satisfaction to evaluate sTMS feasibility and acceptability in Veterans with SUDs. The safety of at-home sTMS administration will be assessed via adverse event monitoring. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The sTMS device received a significant risk determination for at-home use by the Food and Drug Administration in July 2021. Ethics approval was obtained in August 2021 from the Providence Veterans Affairs institutional review board and research and development committee. Data collection began in September 2021 and is planned to continue through December 2023. Findings will be disseminated at national conferences and in peer-reviewed journals. Results will serve to inform the development of large-scale clinical trials of sTMS efficacy for substance-disordered Veterans. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04336293).


Assuntos
Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides , Veteranos , Humanos , Método Duplo-Cego , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Opioides/etiologia , Estimulação Magnética Transcraniana/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento
5.
J Neurogenet ; 35(3): 236-248, 2021 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34092172

RESUMO

The genetic basis of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is complex. Understanding how natural genetic variation contributes to alcohol phenotypes can help us identify and understand the genetic basis of AUD. Recently, a single nucleotide polymorphism in the human foraging (for) gene ortholog, Protein Kinase cGMP-Dependent 1 (PRKG1), was found to be associated with stress-induced risk for alcohol abuse. However, the mechanistic role that PRKG1 plays in AUD is not well understood. We use natural variation in the Drosophila for gene to describe how variation of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) activity modifies ethanol-induced phenotypes. We found that variation in for affects ethanol-induced increases in locomotion and memory of the appetitive properties of ethanol intoxication. Further, these differences may stem from the ability to metabolize ethanol. Together, this data suggests that natural variation in PKG modulates cue reactivity for alcohol, and thus could influence alcohol cravings by differentially modulating metabolic and behavioral sensitivities to alcohol.


Assuntos
Alcoolismo/genética , Depressores do Sistema Nervoso Central/metabolismo , Proteínas Quinases Dependentes de GMP Cíclico/genética , Proteínas de Drosophila/genética , Etanol/metabolismo , Memória/fisiologia , Animais , Depressores do Sistema Nervoso Central/farmacologia , Drosophila melanogaster , Etanol/farmacologia , Locomoção/efeitos dos fármacos
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...