RESUMO
A specific 5'nucleotidase activity (pH 7.4) is localized by cytochemical technics, in the head (nuclear membrane, periacrosomal cytoplasm) and in the mitochondrial membrane of human spermatozoa. The effect of different effectors (manganese, nickel, fluoride, tartrate, tetramisole), studied in the head by rate assessment of cells with or without hydrolysis sites, changes the cellular distribution, the depth of reactions and their localization. The 5'nucleotidase interferences with some unspecific phosphatases are discussed.
Assuntos
Monofosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Espermatozoides/enzimologia , 5'-Nucleotidase/análise , Albuminas/farmacologia , Histocitoquímica , Humanos , Hidrólise , Masculino , Manganês/farmacologia , Níquel/farmacologia , Fluoreto de Sódio/farmacologia , Espermatozoides/ultraestrutura , Tartaratos/farmacologia , Tetramizol/farmacologiaRESUMO
In the castrated rat, only testis taken in one to two week-old donors observed three months after sub-cutaneous isograft contain a well developed interstitial tissue and some seminiferous tubules with germinal cells. On the contrary in castrated mice, testicular grafts taken in adult animals show some Leydig cells and degenerating seminiferous tubules. These grafts permit the restoration of androgenic activity in previously castrated recipients.
Assuntos
Testículo/transplante , Animais , Congelamento , Masculino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C3H , Orquiectomia , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Pele , Especificidade da Espécie , Testículo/citologia , Preservação de Tecido , Transplante IsogênicoRESUMO
In the rat spleen, periarteriolar lymphocyte sheath and the external area of the germinal center in the white pulp and the Billroth's cords in the red pulp possess a strong 5'Nucleotidase activity. During antigenic stimulation a lymphocyte proliferation occurs in the white pulp, while 5'Nucleotidase activity is weak. In the germinal center there is inverse relationship between development of the mitotic internal area and the 5'Nucleotidase external zone. Likewise in the myeloid metaplasia of the red pulp induced by fibrosarcoma development, the 5'Nucleotidase of the Billroth's cords is decreased. 5'Nucleotidase might exert a negative control on cell proliferation probably through adenosine production. On the other hand this enzymatic activity might gave back available nucleosides for cellular proliferation, lymphocytes being especially impermeable to nucleotides.
Assuntos
Nucleotidases/metabolismo , Baço/enzimologia , Neoplasias Esplênicas/enzimologia , 5'-Nucleotidase , Animais , Divisão Celular , Feminino , Histocitoquímica , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Baço/citologiaRESUMO
Armatan, an acid sulphated polysaccharide isolated from a red marine seaweed Asparagopsis armata (Harv.), increases the coagulation time of the rat plasma in vivo assays. This property presents, with administration, time and dose, some variations. Among the three ways studied, subcutaneous injection gives more interesting results than the others. At high concentrations (10, 20 and 50 mg/kg), intravenous administration induces plasma and organic (liver-spleen) diseases.
Assuntos
Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Animais , Injeções Intramusculares , Injeções Intravenosas , Injeções Subcutâneas , Masculino , Polissacarídeos/administração & dosagem , Ratos , Ratos Endogâmicos , Fatores de Tempo , Tempo de Coagulação do Sangue TotalRESUMO
We have examined by electron microscopy the non fertilized oocytes and the non divided eggs after assay of in vitro fertilization. We have observed three blocking points; 1) absence of fusion of the gametes, either because of oocyte immaturity or over-maturity, either because of spermatozoa phagocytosis by follicle cells transformed in phagocytic cells, in presence of intra or extra-cellular bacteria; 2) fusion of the gametes but absence of spermatic nucleus decondensation; 3) fusion of the gametes and pronuclei formation but absence of amphimixy. Two causes are evident: failure of oocyte maturation in vivo or in vitro, and bacterial contamination problems after female or male infra-clinical infections.
Assuntos
Fertilização in vitro , Óvulo/ultraestrutura , Fase de Clivagem do Zigoto , Transferência Embrionária , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Microscopia Eletrônica , Oócitos/ultraestrutura , Folículo Ovariano/microbiologia , Fagocitose , Interações Espermatozoide-ÓvuloRESUMO
It is admitted that selection of human motile spermatozoa improves chances of conception by homologous artificial insemination. Effect of media constituted by different concentrations of glucose, lactate and phosphate in the maintenance of vitality and forward motility (positively correlated with penetrating capacity) was studied in human spermatozoa after washing. Lactate optimal concentrations appear necessary in the maintenance of progressive motility. The vitality is little affected in the various media. To complete this minimum medium various substances known to improve spermatozoa survival should be added. This complete media should allow to dispose of suitable spermatozoa suspensions during several days permitting many inseminations by cycle.
Assuntos
Glucose/farmacologia , Lactatos/farmacologia , Fosfatos/farmacologia , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Masculino , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Suspensions of motile human spermatozoa, plasma seminal-free, were incubated several days into synthetic medium (C2) with lactate, glucose and phosphate as principal components. Maintenance of forward motility was compared in C2 medium and in known B2 I.N.R.A. medium. C2 medium entertain survival of motile spermatozoa during some days at 20 degrees C. This method of conservation should allow many homologous artificial inseminations by ovulatory cycle avoiding injurious effects of repeated ejaculations or low-temperature conservation.
Assuntos
Glucose/farmacologia , Lactatos/farmacologia , Fosfatos/farmacologia , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacos , Espermatozoides/fisiologia , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Meios de Cultura , Humanos , Cinética , Ácido Láctico , Masculino , Espermatozoides/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
In vitro measurements of spermatozoa migration in different media showed a 75% increase in the number of spermatozoa migrating into preovulatory human follicular fluid versus Menezo's fluid. However after 4 h storage in either medium, total and progressive motility of the spermatozoa was lower in follicular fluid than in Menezo's fluid. A positive correlation was evident between the spermatozoa migration in follicular fluid and the concentration or motility of spermatozoa in fresh sperm.
Assuntos
Fase Folicular , Menstruação , Folículo Ovariano/metabolismo , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Ejaculação , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Using the property of human follicular fluid activation or "attraction" of human spermatozoa, a number of motile and active sperm was isolated from a sample of generally deficient sperm. The objective was to improve the success of artificial insemination of the conjoint. It was shown that it is possible to collect a much higher number of spermatozoa in the follicular fluid than in Menezzo's fluid. Taking into account the known toxicity of follicular fluid, the best results, based on number and motility were obtained with an mixture of follicular fluid and Menezzo's fluid in the ratio of 1:1.
Assuntos
Líquidos Corporais/análise , Folículo Ovariano/análise , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Feminino , Fertilização in vitro , Humanos , Inseminação Artificial Homóloga , Masculino , Métodos , Contagem de EspermatozoidesRESUMO
An acid sulphated polysaccharide, isolated from a red marine seaweed, Asparagopsis armata ( Harv .), increases the coagulation time of the plasma in vitro studies. This property, compared with the anticoagulant activity of pentosan polysulphate and heparin, pr esents , with concentration and temperature, some variations in man and other mammals . The rat and human plasma seem to behave in the same way with this substance.
Assuntos
Coagulação Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Animais , Testes de Coagulação Sanguínea , Temperatura Corporal , Bovinos , Heparina/farmacologia , Cavalos , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Poliéster Sulfúrico de Pentosana/farmacologia , Ratos , Ovinos , SuínosRESUMO
"Armatan" an acidic sulfated polysaccharide isolated from a red algae (Asparagopsis Armata), has a marked affinity for the Mononuclear Phagocytes System. Its activity seems fairly well established. Indeed, it sets off a series of evolutionary cellular processes beginning with an accumulation of monocytes at the inflammatory injection site; these cells are then replaced by macrophages over several weeks which are progressively substituted by fibroblasts, thereby inducing a final fibro-cicatricial reaction. The inductive effect of Armatan in this cellular evolution is discussed.
Assuntos
Fagócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Polissacarídeos/análise , Rodófitas/análise , Animais , Divisão Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cobaias , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , RatosRESUMO
The transplantable fibrosarcoma of the Rat gives birth to different modifications in the splenic structures, and a strong perturbation is found within the enzymatic activities. The macrophages have an altered acid phosphatase activity. This is in marked contrast to the increase in number of the alkaline phosphatase polymorphonuclear cells, which are originated from myeloid areas in the red pulp. Lymphoïd-reticular cells, possessing one 5'nucleotidase activity, seem to be responsible, possibly, by forming numerous clonal systems during the development of this fibrosarcoma. The role of this separate system is discussed.
Assuntos
Fibrossarcoma/patologia , Sistema Fagocitário Mononuclear/patologia , Baço/patologia , 5'-Nucleotidase , Fosfatase Ácida/análise , Fosfatase Alcalina/análise , Animais , Feminino , Histocitoquímica , Macrófagos/enzimologia , Sistema Fagocitário Mononuclear/enzimologia , Neutrófilos/enzimologia , Nucleotidases/análise , Sarcoma Experimental/patologiaRESUMO
5'nucleotidase activity of the apical border of the epididymal epithelium appears towards the end of the second week during postnatal development. This activity is in correlation with the activity of testicular hormone. Bilateral castration modifies it and testosterone restores this activity.
Assuntos
Epididimo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Nucleotidases/biossíntese , Testosterona/fisiologia , 5'-Nucleotidase , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Castração , Epididimo/efeitos dos fármacos , Epididimo/enzimologia , Masculino , Ratos , Testosterona/farmacologia , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The epididymal epithelium of the rat has a 5'nucleotidasic activity, which is located in the basal cells and in the apical border of the principal cells. After bilateral castration, the pattern of this enzymatic activity is modified, but it is restored by a testosterone treatment. Bilateral castration abolished the apical activity of the epithelium, while the basal cells remained active. However different migratory aspects of basal cells seem to show their participation in the secretory function of the epithelium. Testosterone thus appears as a regulator for the basal cells activity and this would explain its role in the epididymal function.
Assuntos
Epididimo/enzimologia , Nucleotidases/metabolismo , Testosterona/farmacologia , Animais , Castração , Epitélio/enzimologia , Histocitoquímica , Masculino , RatosRESUMO
In the wall of rat's capillary blood vessels the adenosine triphosphatase is located on the endothelium, the 5'nucleotidase on the perithelial cells. The perithelial cells activities are strong during the inflammatory state, but at the beginning of the phenomenon the nucleotidasic cells become free into the oedematous tissue by preceding and accompagning the fibroblastic differenciation cells.
Assuntos
Capilares/enzimologia , Inflamação/enzimologia , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/metabolismo , Pele/enzimologia , Fosfatase Ácida/metabolismo , Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Animais , Capilares/citologia , Masculino , Nucleotidases/metabolismo , Ratos , Pele/irrigação sanguínea , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The histo-enzymatic comparative study of the reticular cells of some rodents' spleens (Rat, Guinea-Pig, Rabbit), shows many differences between these species. Three cell types can be seen; the phosphatasic type is phagocytic and derives from the M.P.S. system, the 5'nucleotidasic is not a phagocytic cell and probably comes from the vascular perithelium, the ATPasic cell is, perhaps, an endothelial cell. These different cells are not equaly distributed in the splenic parenchyma of all animals but one type can be lacking.
Assuntos
Sistema Fagocitário Mononuclear/enzimologia , Roedores/anatomia & histologia , Baço/citologia , Fosfatase Ácida/metabolismo , Adenosina Trifosfatases/metabolismo , Fosfatase Alcalina/metabolismo , Animais , Cobaias , Sistema Fagocitário Mononuclear/citologia , Nucleotidases/metabolismo , Fagócitos/enzimologia , Coelhos , Ratos , Especificidade da Espécie , Baço/enzimologiaRESUMO
The peritoneal cells of the splenic capsule have no phosphatasic acid acitivity in the three species studied. However they have an ATPasic acitivity in the Rat and the Rabbit's spleen, and a 5'nucleotidasic activity in the Guinea-Pig. These cells are not phagocytic and probably have different origins according to the species.
Assuntos
Fosfatase Ácida/análise , Adenosina Trifosfatases/análise , Fosfatase Alcalina/análise , Peritônio/enzimologia , Animais , Cobaias , Coelhos , Ratos , Baço/enzimologiaRESUMO
The splenic mouse parenchyma presents 3 reticular cells types revealed by histo-enzymatic technics: the phagocytic cells show a strong phosphatasic acid activity, the endothelial cells possess a phosphatasic alcalin or adenosine-triphosphatasic reaction, the perithelial cells are 5' nucleotidasic. These different cells are distributed by forming specific topographic structures in the splenic tissue. The phosphatasic alcalin reticular cells seem to be, with their distribution, characteristic elements of mouse spleen. Indeed the modifications in tumoral animal interest chiefly this cell category. In this case, the reticular cells form a deep and large membrane between marginal zone and perivascular lymphoid sheath of the white pulp. These different reticular cells probably react for the defense system of the animal.
Assuntos
Neoplasias/imunologia , Baço/citologia , Fosfatase Ácida , Adenosina Trifosfatases , Fosfatase Alcalina , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Neoplasias Mamárias Experimentais/imunologia , Camundongos , Baço/enzimologiaRESUMO
By its destructive effect on the small lymphocyte, cortisone was used to separate the T-lymphocyte from other cells which might be found in the same areas. A reticular cell showing a predominant 5' nucleotidasic activity distinct from that of the phosphatasic acid appeared to be a component of the thymus-dependent areas in the splenic white pulp of Rat. Specific correlations seem to exist between this reticular cell and T-lymphocytes. This histoenzymatic feature involves the reticular cell in the process of maturation of the small lymphocyte.
Assuntos
Cortisona/farmacologia , Baço/imunologia , Animais , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Nucleotidases/metabolismo , Ratos , Baço/efeitos dos fármacos , Baço/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Linfócitos T/enzimologia , Linfócitos T/metabolismoRESUMO
The effect of cyclophosphamide, one potent immunosupressor drug, was used to differenciate the behaviour of two types of Reticular cells, the phosphatasic acid and the 5'nucleotidasic cells. The first exhibit macrophagic and migratory properties, the second are devoid of these criteria but remain associated with the presence of T-lymphocytes. This suggests its possible role in the nutrition and the differential evolution of T-lymphocytes.