Cross-cultural Adaptation and Validity Evidence of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) for Brazilian Portuguese.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study is to adapt and present validity evidence based on the internal structure of the Mind-Wandering Questionnaire (MWQ) for the Brazilian context. METHODS: A total of 2682 Brazilian adults from different regions of the country have taken part in this study. Confirmatory factor analyses and multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA) were performed to assess MWQ factor structure. McDonald's Omega (ω) was generated to provide reliability indexes. RESULTS: It was demonstrated an adequate factor structure of the MWQ for the Brazilian context, corroborating the original article's single-factor model and other adaptation studies. Further, the results demonstrated the reliability of the instrument for the Brazilian population (ω=0.88). CONCLUSIONS: The MWQ is thus an adequate, reliable, and quickly applicable instrument for those whose aim is to measure deliberate and spontaneous MW in Brazil.

Depression, Self-Esteem, and Resilience and its Relationship with Psychological Features of Sexuality among Transgender Men and Women from Brazil.

This cross-sectional study investigated whether depression, self-esteem, and resilience (mental health indicators) are associated with some psychological features of sexuality (sexual fear, sexual anxiety, sexual dissatisfaction, and sexual body image worries) in a sample of 462 transgender men and women from Brazil. Pearson's correlations were performed between all continuous variables in the study. Those that were significantly associated with the psychological features of sexuality in previous analyses were tested as independent variables in multiple linear regression models. Sexual fear, sexual anxiety, sexual dissatisfaction, and sexual body image worries were negatively related to self-esteem and resilience, while positively related to depression. Higher levels of depression were associated with sexual fear, while higher levels of depression and lower self-esteem were associated with sexual anxiety. In addition, higher levels of depression and lower levels of resilience were associated with sexual dissatisfaction. Depression and resilience were associated with the composite score of sexual dissatisfaction and sexual anxiety. Our results suggest that negative mental health indicators may impair the sexual life of transgender individuals. Clinical interventions should be developed and tested to address the psychological features of sexuality.

Reality shifting: psychological features of an emergent online daydreaming culture.

Reality shifting (RS) is a trendy mental activity that emerged abruptly following the flare-up of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 and seems to be practiced mainly by members of the post-millennial generation. RS, described as the experience of being able to transcend one's physical confines and visit alternate, mostly fictional, universes, is discussed by many on Internet platforms. One RS forum boasts over 40,000 members and RS clips on some social media platforms have been viewed over 1.7 billion times. The experience of shifting is reportedly facilitated by specific induction methods involving relaxation, concentration of attention, and autosuggestion. Some practitioners report a strong sense of presence in their desired realities, reified by some who believe in the concrete reality of the alternate world they shift to. One of the most popular alternate universes involves environments adopted from the Harry Potter book and film series. We describe the phenomenology of RS as reported online and then compare it to related phenomena such as hypnosis, tulpamancy, dissociation, immersive and maladaptive daydreaming, and lucid dreaming. We propose a theoretical model of interactive factors giving rise to RS, and conclude that it is an important, uninvestigated emerging phenomenon and propose future research directions.

Condom-Protected Sex and Minority Stress: Associations with Condom Negotiation Self-Efficacy, "Passing" Concerns, and Experiences with Misgendering among Transgender Men and Women in Brazil.

This cross-sectional exploratory study aims to verify associations between condom-protected sex, condom negotiation self-efficacy, self-esteem, and four minority stressors (experiences with misgendering, "passing" concerns, anticipated prejudice, and perceived prejudice) among transgender men (TM) and transgender women (TW). 260 individuals (192 TW and 68 TM) residing in two Brazilian states participated in the study. Data was collected online and in two hospital programs for transgender people and included sociodemographic data, condom-protected sex, the Trans-Specific Condom/Barrier Negotiation Self-Efficacy (T-Barrier) Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and four minority stressors. Measures that were significantly associated with condom-protected sex were tested as independent variables in a linear regression model. The main results suggest that lower condom negotiation self-efficacy, higher "passing" concerns, and higher experiences with misgendering were predictors of lower frequency of condom-protected sex. These negative outcomes were found among both TM and TW, which justifies their inclusion in public health policies. Structural strategies and clinical interventions are suggested to address condom negotiation self-efficacy and "passing" concerns in transgender populations.

Terapia familiar afirmativa com lésbicas, gays e bissexuais / Affirmative family therapy with lesbian, gay and bisexual persons

As práticas psicológicas com indivíduos lésbicas, gays e bissexuais (LGB) vêm sendo exercidas de modo muitas vezes inadequado, amparadas numa lógica heteronormativa e que hostiliza as orientações não-heterossexuais. Considerando este cenário, nosso artigo tem como objetivo principal apresentar os elementos básicos da terapia familiar afirmativa, um modelo para trabalhar com famílias com membros LGB, de forma a desenvolver intervenções culturalmente sensíveis, empáticas e respeitosas em relação à diversidade sexual. Num primeiro momento, descreve-se o panorama da despatologização da homossexualidade. A seguir, apresenta-se o modelo conceitual do preconceito e estresse de minoria, útil para a compreensão dos impactos da violência na saúde mental de pessoas LGB. Também são relatados alguns dados empíricos sobre apoio familiar e saúde mental de pessoas LGB. Subsequentemente, o modelo das competências multiculturais e terapia afirmativa é abordado. Após, são apresentadas estratégias para manejo terápico, bem como exemplos clínicos fictícios para ilustrar a prática. Conclui-se que terapeutas com viés devem ter conhecimento dos desafios enfrentados pela população LGB e desenvolver instrumentalização para um trabalho mais adequado.

Psychological practices with lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals have often been performed inappropriately, supported by a heteronormative logic that is hostile toward non-heterosexual orientations. Considering this scenario, our article aims to present basic elements of affirmative family psychotherapy, a model for working with families including LGB members, in order to develop culturally sensitive, empathic and respectful interventions in relation to sexual diversity. At first, the panorama of the depatologization of homosexuality is described. The conceptual model of minority prejudice and stress is, useful for understanding the impacts of violence on the mental health of LGB people, is presented. Some empirical data on family support and mental health of LGB people are also reported. Subsequently, the model of multicultural skills and affirmative psychotherapy is addressed. Then, strategies for psychotherapeutic management are presented, as well as fictitious clinical examples to illustrate the practice. It is concluded that psychotherapists in an affirmative framework should be aware of the challenges faced by LGB population, developing instrumentalization for a more adequate work.

HIV-Related Healthcare Needs and Access Barriers for Brazilian Transgender and Gender Diverse People.

The aim of this study is to investigate HIV-related healthcare needs and access barriers for Brazilian transgender and gender diverse people. Data were collected from gender identity clinics and the questionnaire was also made available on the Internet. Out of the 543 participants-62.1% (n = 337) transgender women, 28.7 (n = 156) transgender men and 9.2% (n = 50) gender diverse people, 63.7% had been tested at least once in their lives. The prevalence of self-reported HIV-positive status among transgender women was 16.5%, of which 92.0% reported having a physician with whom they regularly consulted about HIV, whereas none of the transgender men or gender diverse people reported HIV-positive status. In addition, 8.2% of transgender men and 12.5% of gender diverse people did not know their serological status. Finally, 71.0% of the participants were unfamiliar with post-exposure prophylaxis. The study discusses the need for adequate behavior-oriented HIV health policies and training of healthcare professionals regarding the needs of Brazilian transgender and gender diverse people.

Healthcare Needs of and Access Barriers for Brazilian Transgender and Gender Diverse People.

Transgender and gender diverse people (TGD) have specific healthcare needs and struggles with access barriers that should be addressed by public health systems. Our study aimed to address this topic in the Brazilian context. A hospital and web-based cross-sectional survey built with input from the medical and transgender communities was developed to assess TGD healthcare needs of and access barriers in two Brazilian states. Although services that assist this population have existed in Brazil since the 1990s, TGD have difficulty accessing these services due to discrimination, lack of information and a policy design that does not meet the needs of TGD. A history of discrimination was associated with a 6.72-fold increase in the frequency of health service avoidance [95% CI (4.5, 10.1)]. This article discusses the urgent necessity for adequate health policies and for the training of professionals regarding the needs of Brazilian TGD.

Corrigendum to: "Effectiveness of a multidimensional web-based intervention program to change Brazilian health practitioners' attitudes toward the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population".

Corrigendum to: J Health Psychol DOI 10.1177/1359105316628748 Unfortunately, the online published article has an error in one of the analyses. On page 365, fifth paragraph, the corrected statistical report is (Δ 1.66, 95% CI [3.32, .01], t (305) = -1.98, p<.05), not (Δ 1.66, 95% CI [3.32, .01], t (305) = -1.66, p <.05). In spite of this correction, there is no change in the direction of the test and therefore in the interpretation of this result.

Efeito de configuração no apoio ao casamento de pessoas do mesmo sexo em universitários brasileiros / Issue frame effect in the support of same-sex marriage among brazilian undergraduates / Efecto de configuración en el apoyo del matrimonio de personas del mismo sexo en universitarios brasileños

Efeito de configuração refere-se ao impacto que a forma de apresentar um tópico tem sobre a opinião. Esta pesquisa investigou o efeito de configuração no endosso ao reconhecimento legal das uniões de pessoas do mesmo sexo em uma população universitária brasileira composta por pessoas com diferentes níveis de preconceito. Foram usados três diferentes configurações: homoafetivo, homossexual e pessoas do mesmo sexo. Oito mil e oitenta e dois estudantes universitários do sul do Brasil responderam a um questionário sociodemográfico, escala de preconceito contra diversidade sexual e de gênero e randomicamente deram sua opinião sobre o tópico em questão. Não foram encontradas diferenças no nível de endosso às configurações. No entanto, grupos historicamente associados a menor apoio à diversidade sexual e de gênero e pessoas com atitudes mais negativas em relação à diversidade sexual e de gênero endossaram menos essas uniões. Portanto, a maneira como a questão é enquadrada não influencia o endosso à reivindicação da união de pessoas do mesmo sexo.

Framing effect refers to the impact that the presentation of a topic has on the opinions of individuals. The objective of this research was to evaluate the presence of the framing effect on the endorsement to legal recognition of same-sex unions in a Brazilian university population. It took into account three different frames: homosexual; homoaffective and same sex. Eight thousand and eighty-two college students from southern Brazil answered a sociodemographic questionnaire, a prejudice against sexual and gender diversity scale and randomly gave their opinion about homosexual; homoaffective; or, same sex marriage. There were no differences in the level of endorsement of the frames, however, groups historically associated with lower support to sexual and gender diversity, and those with more negative attitudes towards sexual and gender diversity endorsed least these unions. Therefore, the way the question is framed does not influence the endorsement to legal recognition of same-sex unions.

Efecto de configuración se refiere al impacto que la manera de presentar un tema tiene en la opinión. La investigación estudió el efecto de configuración en el respaldo del reconocimiento jurídico de las uniones entre personas del mismo sexo en una población universitaria brasileña formada por personas con diferentes niveles de prejuicio. Si utilizó distintos marcos: homoafectivo, homosexual y personas del mismo sexo. Ocho mil ochenta y dos estudiantes universitarios en el sur de Brasil respondieron un cuestionario sociodemográfico, escala de prejuicio en contra de la diversidad sexual y de género y de forma aleatoria dieron sus opiniones sobre el tema. No hubo diferencias en el nivel de respaldo de los marcos. Sin embargo, grupos históricamente asociados con un menor apoyo a la diversidad sexual y de género y personas con actitudes más negativas hacia la diversidad sexual y de género respaldaron menos estas uniones. Por lo tanto, la forma en que la pregunta se enmarca no influye en el respaldo de la demanda por las uniones de personas del mismo sexo.

Effectiveness of a multidimensional web-based intervention program to change Brazilian health practitioners' attitudes toward the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population.

The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a multidimensional (educational, affective and behavioural) web-based intervention to change healthcare practitioners' attitudes toward lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender population. It aimed to measure gender and sexual (GenSex) prejudice pre- and post-intervention in relation to sociodemographic characteristics. A total of 307 health practitioners from southern Brazil enrolled and completed the follow-up assessment. The intervention had significant effects, varying across traditionally high prejudiced groups. State- and street-level continuous prejudice reduction policies are suggested.