RESUMO
Flow is a gratifying state of deep involvement and absorption that individuals report when facing a challenging activity and they perceive adequate abilities to cope with it (EFRN, 2014). The flow concept was introduced by Csikszentmihalyi in 1975, and interest in flow research is growing. However, to our best knowledge, no scoping review exists that takes a systematic look at studies on flow which were published between the years 2000 and 2016. Overall, 252 studies have been included in this review. Our review (1) provides a framework to cluster flow research, (2) gives a systematic overview about existing studies and their findings, and (3) provides an overview about implications for future research. The provided framework consists of three levels of flow research. In the first "Individual" level are the categories for personality, motivation, physiology, emotion, cognition, and behavior. The second "Contextual" level contains the categories for contextual and interindividual factors and the third "Cultural" level contains cultural factors that relate to flow. Using our framework, we systematically present the findings for each category. While flow research has made progress in understanding flow, in the future, more experimental and longitudinal studies are needed to gain deeper insights into the causal structure of flow and its antecedents and consequences.
RESUMO
La motivación laboral constituye un tipo de comportamiento adaptativo con el que respondemos de manera eficaz a las demandas de nuestro trabajo. La crisis actual ha supuesto el cambio de algunas condiciones laborales básicas (horarios, retribución, seguridad, etc.) que están incidiendo en un tipo de motivación, determinada por condiciones externas al trabajador, que la investigación conoce es una motivación débil en intensidad y poco persistente en el tiempo. Propondremos algunas guías que se centran en el estímulo de motivaciones más autónomas y bajo el control del trabajador en base a investigaciones propias que hemos venido desarrollando en los últimos años. Gran parte de estas investigaciones se han basado en una comprensión dinámica de la motivación laboral. Entender la dinámica de la motivación nos aporta este tipo de guías útiles para la acción
Work motivation is an adaptive behavior that allow us to respond effectively to our job demands. The current crisis has introduced changes in some basic labour conditions (timetable, salary, security, etc.) that are affecting a type of motivation determined by external conditions of the worker. Research shows that this nonself-determined motivation is weaker in intensity and less persitent over time than the self-determined motivation. Based on the research we have been developing in recent years we propose some guidelines that focus on encouraging a more autonomous and self-determined motivation. Much of this research has been based on a dynamic understanding of work motivation. Understanding the dynamics of motivation gives us useful guides to action