RESUMO
We investigated a mixed outbreak of Legionnaires' disease (LD) and Pontiac fever (PF) at a military base to identify the outbreak's environmental source as well as known legionellosis risk factors. Base workers with possible legionellosis were interviewed and, if consenting, underwent testing for legionellosis. A retrospective cohort study collected information on occupants of the buildings closest to the outbreak source. We identified 29 confirmed and probable LD and 38 PF cases. All cases were exposed to airborne pathogens from a cooling tower. Occupants of the building closest to the cooling tower were 6·9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 2·2-22·0] and 5·5 (95% CI 2·1-14·5) times more likely to develop LD and PF, respectively, than occupants of the next closest building. Thorough preventive measures and aggressive responses to outbreaks, including searching for PF cases in mixed legionellosis outbreaks, are essential for legionellosis control.
Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Legionella pneumophila/isolamento & purificação , Doença dos Legionários/epidemiologia , Instalações Militares , Infecções Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Doença Aguda , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Estudos de Coortes , Intervalos de Confiança , Exposição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Febre/epidemiologia , Humanos , Incidência , Legionelose/diagnóstico , Legionelose/epidemiologia , Doença dos Legionários/diagnóstico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Militares/estatística & dados numéricos , Infecções Respiratórias/microbiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Distribuição por Sexo , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We investigated prostate involvement during sexually transmitted infections by measuring serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) as a marker of prostate infection, inflammation, and/or cell damage in young, male US military members. METHODS: We measured PSA before and during infection for 299 chlamydia, 112 gonorrhoea, and 59 non-chlamydial, non-gonococcal urethritis (NCNGU) cases, and 256 controls. RESULTS: Chlamydia and gonorrhoea, but not NCNGU, cases were more likely to have a large rise (î¶40%) in PSA than controls (33.6%, 19.1%, and 8.2% vs 8.8%, P<0.0001, 0.021, and 0.92, respectively). CONCLUSION: Chlamydia and gonorrhoea may infect the prostate of some infected men.
