Characteristics of newly diagnosed women with breast cancer; a comparison with the recommendations of the WCRF/AICR Second Report / Características de las mujeres con diagnóstico reciente de cáncer de mama: una comparación con las recomendaciones del segundo informe de la WCRF/AICR

Introduction: The Second Expert Report, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective from World Cancer Research Fund/ American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR), features general and special recommendations for cancer prevention. Objective: To evaluate nutritional and lifestyle characteristics of newly diagnosed women with breast cancer according to WCRF/AICR Second Report recommendations. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 133 women. Diet data were obtained from a food frequency questionnaire and anthropometric data by standard procedures. The characteristics of study population were evaluated in comparison with the recommendations of the WCRF/AICR Second Report. Results: Mean age of participants was 51.6 ± 10.98 (range 28-78) years; 35% was obese and 51% had waist circumference higher than the maximum cut-off value. Regarding life style, 80% of participants were sedentary, 89% reported diet presenting energy density higher than 125 kcal/100 g, 51% reported consumption of fruits and vegetables lower than 400 g/day, and 47% reported high consumption of red or processed meat (≥ 500 g per week). Just 3% related consumption of alcoholic beverages above the recommendation (15 g/day), 82% presented the intake of sodium lower than the limit recommended (2.4 g/day), and the use of dietary supplements was reported by 11% of the subjects. Finally 51% of women reported breast feeding for less than 6 months. Conclusion: Inadequacies were observed related to behavior factors that can result in weight gain, such as inadequate physical activity and high energy density diet (AU)

Introducción: El Segundo Informe Pericial, Alimentación, Nutrición, Actividad Física y la prevención del cáncer: una perspectiva global de la Fundación Mundial para la Investigación del Cáncer del Instituto Americano para la Investigación del Cáncer (WCRF / AICR), incluye recomendaciones generales y especiales para la prevención del cáncer. Objetivo: Evaluar las características nutricionales y del estilo de vida de las mujeres con diagnóstico reciente de cáncer de mama según el recomendaciones del Segundo Informe de la WCRF/AICR. Métodos: Este estudio transversal se realizó en una muestra de 133 mujeres. Los datos de la dieta se obtuvieron mediante cuestionario de frecuencia de alimentos y los datos antropométricos mediante procedimientos estándar. Las características de la población de estudio fueron evaluados en comparación con las recomendaciones del Segundo Informe de la WCRF/AICR. Resultados: La edad media de los participantes fue de 51,6 ± 10,98 (rango 28-78) año; 35% era obeso y 51% tenía la circunferencia de cintura mayor que el máximo valor recomendado. En cuanto a estilo de vida, 80% de los participantes eran sedentarios, 89% tenía una dieta con densidad de energía mayor que 125 kcal/100 g, 51% informó el consumo de frutas y verduras más bajo que 400 g/día, y 47% informó de un consumo elevado de carne roja o procesada (≥ 500 g por semana). Sólo 3% tenía del consumo de bebidas alcohólicas encima del recomendado (15 g/día), 82% presentó la ingesta de sodio por debajo del límite recomendado (2,4 g/día), y el uso de suplementos dietéticos que fue reportado por 11% de los sujetos. Por último 51% de las mujeres reportaron la lactancia materna por menos de 6 meses. Conclusión: Se observaron deficiencias relacionadas con factores de comportamiento que pueden resultar en el aumento de peso, tales como la inactividad física y la dieta de alta densidad de energía (AU)

Characteristics of newly diagnosed women with breast cancer: a comparison with the recommendations of the WCRF/AICR Second Report.

INTRODUCTION: The Second Expert Report, Food, Nutrition, Physical Activity, and the Prevention of Cancer: a Global Perspective from World Cancer Research Fund/ American Institute for Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR), features general and special recommendations for cancer prevention. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate nutritional and lifestyle characteristics of newly diagnosed women with breast cancer according to WCRF/AICR Second Report recommendations. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study with a sample of 133 women. Diet data were obtained from a food frequency questionnaire and anthropometric data by standard procedures. The characteristics of study population were evaluated in comparison with the recommendations of the WCRF/AICR Second Report. RESULTS: Mean age of participants was 51.6 ± 10.98 (range 28-78) years; 35% was obese and 51% had waist circumference higher than the maximum cut-off value. Regarding life style, 80% of participants were sedentary, 89% reported diet presenting energy density higher than 125 kcal/100 g, 51% reported consumption of fruits and vegetables lower than 400 g/day, and 47% reported high consumption of red or processed meat (≥ 500 g per week). Just 3% related consumption of alcoholic beverages above the recommendation (15 g/day), 82% presented the intake of sodium lower than the limit recommended (2.4 g/day), and the use of dietary supplements was reported by 11% of the subjects. Finally 51% of women reported breast feeding for less than 6 months. CONCLUSION: Inadequacies were observed related to behavior factors that can result in weight gain, such as inadequate physical activity and high energy density diet.

Toward physiological conditions for cell analyses: forces of heart muscle cells suspended between elastic micropillars.

Almost each mammalian cell permanently applies forces to its environment. These forces are essential for many vital processes such as tissue formation or cell movement. In turn, the environmental conditions of cells strongly affect force production. Here we report on the development of an array of elastomeric micropillars as cellular environment. Within these micropillar arrays, we cultivated rat heart muscle cells (cardiac myocytes). For lattice constants between 20 and 30 mum, cells strongly preferred spanning between the elastic micropillars over adhering to the underlying flat substrate. In addition, the architectures of the cytoskeleton and of protein complexes formed for adhesion were strongly dependent on the environment of the cell. On flat parts of the substrates, we observed prominent stress fibers and focal adhesion sites. In contrast, cells suspended between micropillars exhibited well organized myofibers and costameric adhesions at the locations of Z-bands. These observations argue for close-to-nature environmental conditions within micropillar arrays. Resting as well as contraction forces of myocytes resulted in measurable pillar bending. Using an approximate theoretical treatment of elastically founded micropillars, we calculated average cell forces of 140 nN in the relaxed and 400 nN in the contracted state.