The effect of video informing adolescents having Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) test on anxiety during the Coronavirüs (COVID-19) pandemic: A randomized controlled study.

AIM: This study aimed to determine if video information on Polymerase Chain Reaction (rRT-PCR) testing reduces anxiety in adolescents. DESIGN AND METHODS: A randomized controlled experimental study with a parallel-group design was conducted. The sample size was determined by G*Power analysis, and 136 adolescents were included in each group accordingly. The data were collected using the Child/Parent Information Form, State and Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Chi-square, Independent Sample t-test, and Paired Sample t-test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: It was determined that adolescents experienced moderate anxiety before the procedure. It was found that the majority of adolescents did not have a COVID-19 positive patient in their relatives (83.1%) or in the same house (82.7%). It was determined that they had COVID-19 positive friends at school (56.2%) but not in class (61.4%) and had no contact with positive friends (69.1%). While the post-operative state anxiety level of the adolescents informed by video was 38.76 ± 10.77, the anxiety level of the adolescents in the control group was 41.68 ± 11.92. Informing with video significantly decreased the anxiety level of adolescents (p = 0.035). CONCLUSION: Video information reduces state anxiety after the procedure. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: It is recommended that video information before rRT-PCR test should be implemented in all hospitals, tablets, televisions, or phones should be used to provide information against the risk of contamination, and other studies should be conducted to show the effectiveness of video information.

Effects of cartoon watching and bubble-blowing during venipuncture on pain, fear, and anxiety in children aged 6-8 years: A randomized experimental study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the effects of bubble-blowing (active distraction) and cartoon watching (passive distraction) techniques on pain, anxiety, and fear during venipuncture in children aged 6-8 years. DESIGN AND METHODS: This experimental study randomly assigned 56 children aged 6-8 years to cartoon watching or bubble-blowing groups. The child, parent, and researcher assessed pain using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale, anxiety using the Children's State Anxiety Scale, and fear using the Children's Fear Scale. The study data were analyzed using the Chi-square tests and independent Sample t-tests. RESULTS: The groups were similar in clinical and demographic characteristics. The scores on pain, anxiety, and fear during the procedure were lower in the cartoon watching group than in the bubble-blowing group (pain t(47) = 2.638, p = .013; anxiety t(47) = 2.358, p = .023; and fear t(47) = 2.784, p = .008). CONCLUSION: This study revealed that cartoon watching as a passive distraction method was more effective in reducing pain, anxiety, and fear during venipuncture in children aged 6-8 years compared to bubble-blowing as an active distraction method. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The cartoon watching technique, which is affordable, easy to access, and effective (in reducing pain, anxiety, and fear), can be safely used during venipuncture in children aged 6-8 years.

[Effects of vibrating tourniquet application on the pain felt for blood drawing in pediatric patients]. / Çocuklarda kan alma islemi sirasinda titresimli turnike uygulamasinin hissedilen agriya etkisi.

OBJECTIVES: In this study, it is planned to observe the effects of vibration tourniquet application on the pain felt in school-aged pediatric patients. This is a randomised study. METHODS: The research population consisted of patients who were between ages 6 and 12 in the Pediatric Blood Drawing Unit at the Mersin University Research and Application Centers for diagnosis or treatment between dates of May 2017 and November 2017. The sample group consisted of 90 pediatric patients who were eligible for case taking criteria; 45 of them were control and other 45 of them were intervention group (vibrating tourniquet applied). All 90 patients agreed to participate in this study. The children information form was used to assess descriptive properties of children and Wong-Baker FACES- Pain Rating Scale was used for assessment of pain levels. In intervention group patients, blood was drawn with using vibrating tourniquet. Heart beat, respiration rate, blood pressure, fever and saturation level before and after blood drawn were measured for intervention and control group patients and they were asked to mark their level of pain on the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference when vibrating-tourniquet-applied case and vibrating-tourniquet-not-applied control groups' mean pain points were compared (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the findings suggest that using vibrating tourniquet for drawing blood is effective in decreasing the pain level of children.

[Pediatricians' and pediatric nurses' knowledge about pain in newborn infants and their practices in some provinces in Turkey]. / Türkiye'de bazi illerde çocuk servislerinde çalisan çocuk hekimi ve hemsirelerin yenidoganlarda agri konusundaki bilgi ve uygulamalari.

This research was conducted as a descriptive study for the purpose of determining the status of pediatricians and nurses who work on pediatric wards about their recognizing, evaluating, and using appropriate nonpharmacologic interventions to treat pain in newborn infants. The study was conducted between March and May 2005. A total of 198 nurses and physicians were included in the sample, 31 of whom were from Sivas 1st Izzettin Keykavus State Hospital, 76 from Akdeniz University Medical Faculty Hospital, 45 from Mersin University Medical Faculty Research, Mersin State and Taurus State Hospitals and 46 from Ege University Medical Faculty Hospital. The data were collected using a 16-question survey form. Five of the survey questions were regarding the nurses' and physicians' sociodemographic characteristics and 11 contained questions directed at obtaining physicians and nurses' information about pain in newborns. The results of the research showed that the physicians and nurses were knowledgeable about newborn pain. It was determined that the pediatric nurses used nonpharmacologic methods during invasive procedures in the newborns but the physicians did not. In conclusion it is recommended that this issue receive more discussion in continuing education programs at hospitals for the purpose of encouraging nurses and physicians to use nonpharmacologic methods during invasive procedures that are done in newborns to facilitate a multidisciplinary team approach for pain management in newborn infants.