Analysis of siblings' relationship and parenting style using structure modelling approach.

Relationships among siblings play a crucial role in early socialization and further social development. Siblings inherently belong to the system of family relationships; their observation without involving parent-child bonds, is to some extent, generalization. Therefore, our research analyzes with mutual connections between parenting styles and the characteristics of siblings' relationships in a family using a quantitative design of data collection and processing. The outputs from the Sibling Relationship Questionnaire and Questionnaire of Parenting Styles in a Family were collected from 264 bachelor's students. The study found the overall associations of positive emotional relationships and freedom provided by parents with generally desirable characteristics of siblings' bonds and vice versa, and associations between negative emotional relationships and requirements with negatively perceived traits of siblings' bonds. The unexpected outcome of our research is that it revealed more connections between paternal parenting styles and the characteristics of sibling relationships than with those of maternal parenting styles. To reflect the complexity of these relationships more precisely, complex structural equation models were created and successfully adjusted.

Optic neuropathy associated with acute pancreatitis: A case report.

The present article describes a case of a 24-year-old patient who suffered from acute pancreatitis. The patient simultaneously developed visual acuity loss and changes in the visual field. When examined, the finding was physiological, including the fundoscopy. Neither fluorescein angiography or optical coherence tomography demonstrated any retinal abnormalities; electroretinography was physiological as well. The visual evoked potentials (VEP) showed abnormalities in amplitudes. Patient's visual field was reduced to 40˚. The follow-up examination 13 months after the first symptoms proved a progression of changes in the visual field and prolonged latency of P100 peak in VEP. The retinal nerve fibre layer stayed unchanged, but the vessel density on the optic nerve head decreased. Magnetic resonance brain imaging showed non-specific subcortical and paraventricular focuses in the white matter of both hemispheres. There were no other abnormalities detected by magnetic resonance imaging. Neurological examination was normal. In conclusion, the present study verified this decrease of visual functions as a lesion in the visual pathway using VEP, which was also confirmed by magnetic resonance brain imaging.