Successful cementless cup reimplantation using cortical bone graft augmentation after an acetabular fracture and cup displacement.

OBJECTIVE: To report repair of a periprosthetic acetabular fracture with concurrent component displacement after cementless total hip arthroplasty (THA). STUDY DESIGN: Clinical case report. ANIMALS: Dog (n=1) with an acetabular fracture after THA. METHODS: Acetabular repair was performed on a highly comminuted periprosthetic acetabular fracture after cementless THA. A bulk, structural corticocancellous autograft from the ipsilateral ilial wing was used for repair and reconstruction of the dorsal acetabular wall before reimplantation of a cementless acetabular component. RESULTS: Repair of a periprosthetic acetabular fracture with a bulk structural autograft was successful in reconstruction of the dorsal acetabular wall and in reestablishing a stable, functional cementless THA acetabular prosthesis. CONCLUSIONS: Structural corticocancellous autografts from the ilium can be successfully used in repair of periprosthetic acetabular fractures after THA. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Structural corticocancellous grafting from the ilium can be considered as a treatment option for repair of periprosthetic acetabular fractures after THA.

Effects of zoledronate on markers of bone metabolism and subchondral bone mineral density in dogs with experimentally induced cruciate-deficient osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate effects of zoledronate on markers of bone metabolism in dogs after transection of the cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL). ANIMALS: 21 adult dogs. PROCEDURE: Unilateral CrCL transection was performed arthroscopically. Dogs were allocated to 3 groups (control group, low-dose zoledronate [10 microg/kg, SC, q 90 d for 12 months], and high-dose zoledronate [25 microg/kg, SC, q 90 d for 12 months]). Serum osteocalcin (OC), serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and urine pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline concentrations were measured at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. Bone mineral density (BMD) was determined in the distal portion of the femur and proximal portion of the tibia via computed tomography at each time point. Data were analyzed by a repeated-measures ANOVA. RESULTS: oledronate inhibited OC in the high-dose group at 9 and 12 months and at 12 months in the low-dose group, compared with the control group. High-dose zoledronate decreased BAP concentrations 3 and 9 months after surgery. In the control group, BMD was decreased in the femoral condyle and caudal tibial plateau. Zoledronate prevented significant BMD decreases starting 1 month after transection, compared with control dogs. In the caudomedial aspect of the tibial plateau, both zoledronate groups had significant increases in BMD after 3 months, compared with control dogs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Zoledronate may reduce subchondral bone loss and effect markers of bone metabolism in dogs with experimentally induced instability of the stifle joint and subsequent development of osteoarthritis.

Traumatic subarachnoid-pleural fistula in a dog.

Subarachnoid-pleural fistula is a rare occurrence in humans as a result of trauma or spinal surgery. Such fistulas commonly remain undiagnosed until sufficient cerebrospinal fluid accumulates in the pleural space to cause respiratory distress. We describe a subarachnoid-pleural fistula in a dog that occurred subsequent to blunt trauma sustained during a fall, with concurrent acute, traumatic intervertebral disc rupture. The extruded disc material penetrated the dura mater, allowing communication between the subarachnoid space and the extrapleural thoracic cavity. Radiographic, myelographic, and computed tomographic (CT) findings are reviewed. Abnormalities noted during myelography included an intradural-extramedullary lesion at T11-T12, with epidural leakage of contrast medium from the region of T12 extending cranially. In images from myelography and CT there was extravasation of contrast medium extending from the subarachnoid and epidural space into the extrapleural thoracic cavity.

Hip luxation in a woodchuck (Marmota monax): successful treatment by closed reduction and a modified Ehmer sling.

An elastic tape sling successfully maintained reduction of a craniodorsal right coxofemoral luxation in a woodchuck (Marmota monax). No complications were encountered during the 14 days that the sling was in place. The animal remained normal through the following 8 mo.