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The design and fabrication of highly efficient electrocatalysts are crucial for reducing energy consumption, improving hydrogen production rates, and prolonging the service life of alkaline electrolyzers. In this study, intermetallic L10-NiCo electrocatalysts were designed using DFT calculations and fabricated through a one-step solid-state reaction method. The DFT calculations indicated that L10-NiCo presented a lower H adsorption Gibbs free energy and a moderate H2O dissociation barrier compared to the commonly used Ni catalyst and disordered NiCo alloy. Increasing the solid-state reaction temperature facilitated the formation of intermetallic L10-NiCo. Electrocatalytic tests for the alkaline HER demonstrated that the ECSA of L10-NiCo nanoparticles increased to 2.3 times, the overpotential decreased by 19%, the electrocatalytic activity increased to 1.5 times, and the stability improved to 2.2 times compared to those of the Ni nanoparticles. This research provides insights into the design and fabrication of highly efficient catalytic electrodes for alkaline electrolyzers.
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An approach for continuous tuning of on-chip optical delay with a microring resonator is proposed and demonstrated. By introducing an electro-optically tunable waveguide coupler, the bus waveguide to the resonance coupling can be effectively tuned from the under-coupling regime to the over-coupling regime. The optical delay is experimentally characterized by measuring the relative phase shift between lasers and shows a large dynamic range of delay from -600 to 600 ps and an efficient tuning of delay from -430 to -180 ps and from 40 to 240 ps by only a 5 V voltage.
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Caring for patients with dementia at risk of getting lost is challenging for community healthcare providers. Through semi-structured interviews with 25 participants, we examined the challenges faced by these providers and the strategies they employed. We identified the following themes of challenging parts: (a) the disturbance caused by behavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia; (b) difficulty in helping older family caregivers to keep the patient from going out; (c) difficulty in changing the attitudes of the family members; families' unawareness of the risk of getting lost. We also identified the following strategies to mitigate these themes: (a) detecting the risk of getting lost through early assessment; (b) encouraging the family to use resources or devices to prevent the patient from getting lost; (c) educating the family to manage behavior and psychological symptoms of dementia; (d) strengthening the patient's crisis awareness.
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Background: Though Aspirin and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) remain the standard treatments for Kawasaki Disease (KD) to minimize coronary artery damage, the duration and dosage of aspirin are inconsistent across hospitals. However, the lack of multi-center randomized trials prevents definitive answers to the impact of high-dose aspirin. Methods: This clinical trial was structured as a prospective, evaluator-blinded, multi-center randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms, aiming to assess the effectiveness of IVIG as a standalone primary therapy of KD in comparison to the combination of IVIG with high-dose aspirin therapy. KD patients were enrolled between September, 2016 and August, 2019. A final cohort of 134 patients were randomly assigned to the standard and test groups with 69 and 65 patients, respectively. The Standard group received IVIG (2 g/kg) along with aspirin (80-100 mg/kg/day) until fever subsided for 48 hours. The test group received IVIG (2 g/kg) alone. Following the initial treatment, both groups received a daily aspirin dose (3-5 mg/kg) for six weeks. The primary outcome measure was the occurrence of coronary artery lesions (CAL) at the 6-8 weeks mark. The secondary outcome is IVIG resistance. Results: The overall rate of CAL in test group decreased from 10.8% at diagnosis to 1.5% and 3.1% at 6 weeks and 6 months, respectively. The CAL rate of standard group declined from 13.0% to 2.9% and 1.4%, with no statistically significant difference (P>0.1) in the frequency of CAL between the two groups. Furthermore, no statistically significant differences were found for treatment (P>0.1) and prevention (P>0.1) effect between the two groups. Conclusions: This marks the first prospective multi-center randomized controlled trial comparing the standard treatment of KD using IVIG plus high-dose aspirin against IVIG alone. Our analysis indicates that addition of high-dose aspirin during initial IVIG treatment is neither statistically significant nor clinically meaningful for CAL reduction. Registration: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; identifier: NCT02951234. What is New?: This study represents the first multi-center randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy of high-dose aspirin or intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) during the acute stage of KD. This study assessed the impact of discontinuing high-dose aspirin (80-100 mg/kg/day) on the occurrence of CAL during the acute phase treatment of Kawasaki Disease.No significant differences were observed between high-dose aspirin plus IVIG treatment and IVIG alone treatment in terms of the frequency of abnormal coronary artery abnormalities. Additionally, our analysis revealed no statistically significant differences in either the treatment effect (the number of cases successfully treated) or prevention effect (the prevention of new cases) between these two treatments. What Are the Clinical Implications?: Comparison analysis indicated the non-inferiority between two groups with or without high-dose aspirin.Administering the standard 2 g/kg/day IVIG without high-dose aspirin (80-100 mg/kg/day) during the acute phase therapy for KD does not increase the risk of coronary artery lesions, which are a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in KD patients.Addition of high-dose aspirin during initial IVIG treatment is not statistically significant or clinically meaningful.
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BACKGROUND: Paraptosis is a programmed cell death characterized by cytoplasmic vacuolation, which has been explored as an alternative method for cancer treatment and is associated with cancer resistance. However, the mechanisms underlying the progression of paraptosis in cancer cells remain largely unknown. METHODS: Paraptosis-inducing agents, CPYPP, cyclosporin A, and curcumin, were utilized to investigate the underlying mechanism of paraptosis. Next-generation sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed significant changes in gene and protein expressions. Pharmacological and genetic approaches were employed to elucidate the transcriptional events related to paraptosis. Xenograft mouse models were employed to evaluate the potential of paraptosis as an anti-cancer strategy. RESULTS: CPYPP, cyclosporin A, and curcumin induced cytoplasmic vacuolization and triggered paraptosis in cancer cells. The paraptotic program involved reactive oxygen species (ROS) provocation and the activation of proteostatic dynamics, leading to transcriptional activation associated with redox homeostasis and proteostasis. Both pharmacological and genetic approaches suggested that cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) 7/9 drive paraptotic progression in a mutually-dependent manner with heat shock proteins (HSPs). Proteostatic stress, such as accumulated cysteine-thiols, HSPs, ubiquitin-proteasome system, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and unfolded protein response, as well as ROS provocation primarily within the nucleus, enforced CDK7/CDK9-Rpb1 (RNAPII subunit B1) activation by potentiating its interaction with HSPs and protein kinase R in a forward loop, amplifying transcriptional regulation and thereby exacerbating proteotoxicity leading to initiate paraptosis. The xenograft mouse models of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer and docetaxel-resistant OECM-1 head and neck cancer cells further confirmed the induction of paraptosis against tumor growth. CONCLUSIONS: We propose a novel regulatory paradigm in which the activation of CDK7/CDK9-Rpb1 by nuclear proteostatic stress mediates transcriptional regulation to prime cancer cell paraptosis.
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RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Percutaneous lung tumor ablations are mostly performed in computed tomography (CT) rooms under local anesthesia with conscious sedation. However, maintaining the breath-hold phase during this can be challenging, affecting image quality and increasing complications. With the advent of hybrid operating rooms (HORs), this procedure can be performed with endotracheal tube (ETGA) intubation under general anesthesia with lung separation, ensuring precise imaging in a single-stage setting. Lung separation provides surgical exposure of one lung while ensuring ample gas exchange with the other. This study evaluated tumor ablations performed in an HOR equipped with cone beam CT and laser guidance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included patients who underwent lung tumor ablation under general anesthesia with an ETGA in an HOR between July 2020 and May 2023. Anesthesia considerations, perioperative management, and postoperative follow-ups were evaluated. RESULTS: 65 patients (78 tumors) underwent ablation using two types of lung ventilation methods including a single-lumen tube with a blocker (SLT/BL) (n = 15) and double-lumen tube (DLT) (n = 50). Most patients experienced desaturation during the apnea phase of dynamic CT and needling. The average SpO2 value was significantly lower in the DLT group than in the SLT/BL group during the procedure (81.1% versus 88.7%, P = 0.033). Five, three, and two patients developed pneumothorax, subcutaneous emphysema, and pleural effusion, respectively. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous ablation under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation and lung separation performed in HORs was feasible and safe. The setup minimized complication risks and maintained a balance between patient safety and successful procedures.
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In this article, the multidisciplinary team of the Taiwan Academy of Tumor Ablation, who have expertise in treating lung cancer, present their perspectives on percutaneous image-guided thermal ablation (IGTA) of lung tumors. The modified Delphi technique was applied to reach a consensus on clinical practice guidelines concerning ablation procedures, including a comprehensive literature review, selection of panelists, creation of a rating form and survey, and arrangement of an in-person meeting where panelists agreed or disagreed on various points. The conclusion was a final rating and written summary of the agreement. The multidisciplinary expert team agreed on 10 recommendations for the use of IGTA in the lungs. These recommendations include terms and definitions, line of treatment planning, modality, facility rooms, patient anesthesia settings, indications, margin determination, post-ablation image surveillance, qualified centers, and complication ranges. In summary, IGTA is a safe and feasible approach for treating primary and metastatic lung tumors, with a relatively low complication rate. However, decisions regarding the ablation technique should consider each patient's specific tumor characteristics.
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Consenso , Neoplasias Pulmonares , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirurgia , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , Taiwan , Técnicas de Ablação/métodos , Cirurgia Assistida por Computador/métodos , Ablação por Cateter/métodosRESUMO
Subsequently to the publication of the article, an interested reader drew to the authors' attention that, in Fig. 2A on p. 5, the 'Control (24 h)' and 'MTH3 (1 µM; 24 h)' data panels contained partially overlapping data, such that they appeared to have been derived from the same original source. The authors have examined their original data, and realized that this error arose inadvertently as a consequence of having compiled this figure incorrectly. The revised version of Fig. 2, featuring the data from one of the repeated experiments in Fig. 2A, is shown below. The revised data shown for this figure do not affect the overall conclusions reported in the paper. The authors apologize to the Editor of Oncology Reports and to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [Oncology Reports 46: 133, 2021; DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.8084].
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BACKGROUND: The population of people with dementia increases yearly, imposing a growing burden on family caregivers. Psychological distress impacts the mental health of family caregivers of people with dementia. Caregiver psychological distress can result in increased social resource utilisation and unmet multicare needs. PURPOSE: The study explored the psychological distress of family caregivers of people with dementia and examined the impact on social resource utilisation and multicare needs. METHODS: A descriptive-correlational study collected data in Taiwan from a cross-sectional sample of family caregivers of people with dementia using a self-report questionnaire. Data were analysed using linear and logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 301 caregivers provided data for analysis. Nearly two-thirds of caregivers were female with a mean age of 57 years old (SD = 12). Over half of the family caregivers of people with dementia experienced mild-to-moderate psychological distress. The greater the psychological distress, the greater the probability of using social resources (1.09 times per 1-point increase, p = 0.002). Psychological distress was positively associated with the number of caregivers' care needs (ß = 0.371, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Findings of this study can assist healthcare professionals in better understanding the psychological distress and care needs of caregivers. Services designed to meet the needs of family caregivers will improve psychological distress.
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Cuidadores , Demência , Angústia Psicológica , Humanos , Feminino , Cuidadores/psicologia , Masculino , Demência/enfermagem , Demência/psicologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Transversais , Taiwan , Idoso , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto , Apoio Social , Estresse PsicológicoRESUMO
A series of bifunctional compounds have been discovered for their dual functionality as MER/AXL inhibitors and immune modulators. The furanopyrimidine scaffold, renowned for its suitability in kinase inhibitor discovery, offers at least three distinct pharmacophore access points. Insights from molecular modeling studies guided hit-to-lead optimization, which revealed that the 1,3-diketone side chain hybridized with furanopyrimidine scaffold that respectively combined amino-type substituent and 1H-pyrazol-4-yl substituent on the top and bottom of the aryl regions to produce 22 and 33, exhibiting potent antitumor activities in various syngeneic and xenograft models. More importantly, 33 demonstrated remarkable immune-modulating activity by upregulating the expression of total T-cells, cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells, and helper CD4+ T-cells in the spleen. These findings underscored the bifunctional capabilities of 33 (BPR5K230) with excellent oral bioavailability (F = 54.6%), inhibiting both MER and AXL while modulating the tumor microenvironment and highlighting its diverse applicability for further studies to advance its therapeutic potential.
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Antineoplásicos , Receptor Tirosina Quinase Axl , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases , Microambiente Tumoral , c-Mer Tirosina Quinase , Animais , Microambiente Tumoral/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/farmacologia , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/química , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/uso terapêutico , Inibidores de Proteínas Quinases/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Antineoplásicos/uso terapêutico , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/antagonistas & inibidores , Receptores Proteína Tirosina Quinases/metabolismo , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/antagonistas & inibidores , Proteínas Proto-Oncogênicas/metabolismo , c-Mer Tirosina Quinase/antagonistas & inibidores , c-Mer Tirosina Quinase/metabolismo , Camundongos , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Relação Estrutura-Atividade , Descoberta de Drogas , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/farmacologia , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/química , Bibliotecas de Moléculas Pequenas/síntese química , Feminino , Ensaios Antitumorais Modelo de Xenoenxerto , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Lung nodule localization using conventional image-guided video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery involves lung puncture, which increases the risk of needle-related complications. We aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of a single-stage non-invasive laser-guided stamping localization technique followed by resection under general anesthesia in a hybrid operating room. We retrospectively reviewed consecutive patients who underwent thoracoscopic surgery for small pulmonary nodules using laser-guided dye-stamping localization methods in a hybrid operating room between June 2023 and October 2023. During the study period, 18 patients with 20 lesions underwent single-stage intraoperative image-guided stamping video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery in the hybrid operating room. The median size of the nodules was 7.4 mm (interquartile range [IQR] 5.7-9.8 mm), and median distance from the pleural surface was 9.8 mm (IQR 7.7-14.6 mm). The median localization time was 26 min (IQR 23-34 min), whereas median operation time was 69 min (IQR 62-87 min). The total median operating room time was 146 min (IQR 136-157 min). Twelve patients underwent less than two cone-beam computed tomography scans, while 6 underwent more than two scans. The total median dose area product, including cone-beam computed tomography scans, was 5731.4 uGym2. No localization-related complications were observed, and the postoperative length of stay was 1 day (IQR 1-2 days). The single-stage image-guided pleural stamping technique for localizing small pulmonary nodules in a hybrid operating room is feasible and safe. Future research with larger cohorts is required to further explore the benefits of this workflow.
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Nanomaterials with unique structures and components play a crucial role in nanomedicine. In this study, we discovered that the inhomogeneous Au2S constructed by cation exchange and acid etching could dissipate energy in different forms after absorbing multichromatic light, which could be used to achieve the integrated diagnosis and treatment of tumors, respectively. Folic acid modified Au2S ringed nanoparticles (FA-Au2S RNs) with an assembly-like structure were demonstrated to result in better PA imaging performance and generate more reactive oxygen species (O2·-, ·OH, and 1O2) than folic acid modified Au2S triangular nanoparticles (FA-Au2S TNs). Finite element analyses determined the reason for the high absorbance properties and synergistic enhancement of plasma resonance in the assembly-like structure of Au2S RNs. Both FA-Au2S nanostructures were modified with folic acid and injected into 4T1 tumor-bearing mice via the tail vein. The best PA imaging contrast was obtained under 700 nm laser illumination, and the most effective PDT antitumor activity was achieved under 1064 nm laser illumination. The PA average of the tumor in the FA-Au2S RN group was approximately 2 times higher than that of the FA-Au2S TN group at 24 h of injection. The PA imaging results of intratumorally injected FA-Au2S RNs proved that they were still able to show better PA signal enhancement at 24 h postinjection. Our study demonstrates that FA-Au2S nanomaterials with unique structures and special properties can be reliably produced using strictly controlled chemical synthesis. It further provides a strategy for the construction of highly sensitive PA imaging platforms and efficient PDT antitumor agents that exploit wavelength-dependent energy dissipation mechanisms.
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Ácido Fólico , Ouro , Técnicas Fotoacústicas , Fotoquimioterapia , Animais , Ouro/química , Ouro/farmacologia , Camundongos , Ácido Fólico/química , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Feminino , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/química , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/síntese química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/químicaRESUMO
The expression of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) from the plastid genome has been proven to be an effective method for controlling herbivorous pests by targeting essential insect genes. However, there are limitations to the efficiency of plastid-mediated RNA interference (PM-RNAi) due to the initial damage caused by the insects and their slow response to RNA interference. In this study, we developed transplastomic poplar plants that express dsRNAs targeting the ß-Actin (dsACT) and Srp54k (dsSRP54K) genes of Plagiodera versicolora. Feeding experiments showed that transplastomic poplar plants can cause significantly higher mortality in P. versicolora larvae compared with nuclear transgenic or wild-type poplar plants. The efficient killing effect of PM-RNAi on P. versicolora larvae was found to be dependent on the presence of gut bacteria. Importantly, foliar application of a gut bacterial strain, Pseudomonas putida, will induce dysbiosis in the gut bacteria of P. versicolora larvae, leading to a significant acceleration in the speed of killing by PM-RNAi. Overall, our findings suggest that interfering with gut bacteria could be a promising strategy to enhance the effectiveness of PM-RNAi for insect pest control, offering a novel and effective approach for crop protection based on RNAi technology.
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PURPOSE: We developed a novel augmented fluoroscopy-guided intrathoracic stamping technique for localizing small pulmonary nodules in the hybrid operating room. We conducted an observational study to investigate the feasibility of this technique and retrospectively compared two augmented fluoroscopy-guided approaches: intrathoracic and transbronchial. METHODS: From August 2020 to March 2023, consecutive patients underwent single-stage augmented fluoroscopy-guided localization under general anaesthesia. This included intrathoracic stamping and bronchoscopic lung marking, followed by thoracoscopic resection in a hybrid operating room. Comparative analyses were performed between the two groups. RESULTS: The data of 50 patients in the intrathoracic stamping and 67 patients in the bronchoscopic lung marking groups were analysed. No significant difference was noted in demographic data between the groups, except a larger lesion depth in the bronchoscopic lung marking group (14.7 ± 11.7 vs 11.0 ± 5.8 mm, p = 0.029). Dye localization was successfully performed in 49 intrathoracic stamping group patients (98.0%) and 67 bronchoscopic lung marking group patients (100%). No major procedure-related complications occurred in either group; however, the time flow (total anaesthesia time/global operating room time) was longer, and the radiation exposure (fluoroscopy duration/total dose area product) was larger in the bronchoscopic lung marking group. CONCLUSIONS: Augmented fluoroscopic stamping localization under intubated general anaesthesia is feasible and safe, providing an alternative with less global operating room time and lower radiation exposure for image-guided thoracoscopic surgery in the hybrid operating room.
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Functional separators modified by transition metal compounds have been proven to be effective in suppressing the shuttle effect of polysulfides and accelerating sluggish electrode dynamics in lithium-sulfur batteries (LSBs). However, the behaviors of heterojunctions composed of transition metals and their compounds in LSBs are still rarely studied. Herein, we report a novel Ni-CoSe2 heterostructure coated with nitrogen-doped carbon. Compared to homogeneous cobalt diselenide, it exhibits much stronger adsorption and catalytic conversion abilities towards polysulfides. With the modified separators, the lithium-sulfur batteries exhibit significantly improved capacity retention and reduced polarization during cycling.
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On-chip microring resonators (MRRs) have been proposed to construct time-delayed reservoir computing (RC) systems, which offer promising configurations available for computation with high scalability, high-density computing, and easy fabrication. A single MRR, however, is inadequate to provide enough memory for the computation task with diverse memory requirements. Large memory requirements are satisfied by the RC system based on the MRR with optical feedback, but at the expense of its ultralong feedback waveguide. In this paper, a time-delayed RC is proposed by utilizing a silicon-based nonlinear MRR in conjunction with an array of linear MRRs. These linear MRRs possess a high quality factor, providing enough memory capacity for the RC system. We quantitatively analyze and assess the proposed RC structure's performance on three classical tasks with diverse memory requirements, i.e., the Narma 10, Mackey-Glass, and Santa Fe chaotic timeseries prediction tasks. The proposed system exhibits comparable performance to the system based on the MRR with optical feedback, when it comes to handling the Narma 10 task, which requires a significant memory capacity. Nevertheless, the dimension of the former is at least 350 times smaller than the latter. The proposed system lays a good foundation for the scalability and seamless integration of photonic RC.
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The grating-based magneto-optical trap (GMOT) is a promising approach for miniaturizing cold-atom systems. However, the power consumption of a GMOT system dominates its feasibility in practical applications. In this study, we demonstrated a GMOT system based on planar elements that can operate with low power consumption. A high-diffraction-efficiency grating chip was used to cool atoms with a single incident beam. A planar coil chip was designed and fabricated with a low power consumption nested architecture. The grating and coil chips were adapted to a passive pump vacuum chamber, and up to 106 87Rb atoms were trapped. These elements effectively reduce the power consumption of the GMOT and have great potential for applications in practical cold-atom-based devices.
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RNA interference (RNAi) has emerged as an efficient technology for pest control by silencing the essential genes of targeted insects. Owing to its nucleotide sequence-guided working mechanism, RNAi has a high degree of species-specificity without impacts on non-target organisms. However, as plants are inevitably under threat by two or more insect pests in nature, the species-specific mode of RNAi-based technology restricts its wide application for pest control. In this study, we artificially designed an intermediate dsRNA (iACT) targeting two ß-Actin (ACT) genes of sap-sucking pests Bemisia tabaci and Myzus persicae by mutual correction of their mismatches. When expressing hairpin iACT (hpiACT) from tobacco nuclear genome, transgenic plants are well protected from both B. tabaci and M. persicae, either individually or simultaneously, as evidenced by reduced fecundity and suppressed ACT gene expression, whereas expression of hpRNA targeting BtACT or MpACT in transgenic tobacco plants could only confer specific resistance to either B. tabaci or M. persicae, respectively. In sum, our data provide a novel proof-of-concept that two different insect species could be simultaneously controlled by artificial synthesis of dsRNA with sequence optimization, which expands the range of transgenic RNAi methods for crop protection.
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Nicotiana , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas , Interferência de RNA , RNA de Cadeia Dupla , RNA de Cadeia Dupla/genética , Animais , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/genética , Plantas Geneticamente Modificadas/parasitologia , Nicotiana/genética , Nicotiana/parasitologia , Afídeos/genética , Afídeos/fisiologia , Hemípteros/genética , Actinas/genética , Actinas/metabolismoRESUMO
Six previously unreported solanidane steroidal alkaloids, namely lyrasolanosides A-F, were isolated from Solanum lyratum. In addition, five known steroidal alkaloids were also identified. The structures of these compounds were determined through the use of NMR, HRESIMS,UV, IR and ECD analysis. To assess their bioactivities, the cytotoxic effects of the six previously unreported compounds were evaluated on A549 cells. The results revealed that lyrasolanoside B (2) exhibited the highest potency among them. Lyrasolanoside B (2) exhibited significant inhibition of cell migration, invasion, and adhesion dramatically. Mechanistically, it was found to suppress the activity of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway by downregulating the expression of phosphorylated JAK2/STAT3 in an exosome-dependent manner. In addition, lyrasolanoside B (2) was found to significantly upregulate the expression of E-cadherin and downregulate the expression of N-cadherin and vimentin. These findings indicate that lyrasolanoside B (2) inhibits the metastasis of A549 cells by suppressing exosome-mediated EMT. These findings suggest that lyrasolanoside B (2) may inhibit the metastasis of lung cancer by regulating A549-derived exosomes.