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BACKGROUND:As a unique structure of the cervical spine,the occurrence,development and progression of the uncovertebral joint directly affect the stability and range of motion of the cervical spine,and are also closely related to the pathogenesis of cervical spondylosis.A thorough understanding of the developmental characteristics of the uncovertebral joint is of great significance for the pathogenesis,diagnosis,and treatment of cervical spondylosis. OBJECTIVE:By using imaging and three-dimensional reconstruction technology to measure and observe the cervical uncinate process-related angle in a large sample of different age groups,the aim is to reveal the characteristics of its changes with age and vertebral growth,as well as its relationship with cervical spine stability. METHODS:Using a retrospective research design,we collected 1 447 cases of raw CT imaging data that meet the study requirements for complete cervical spine segments.The raw data were imported into Mimics 21.0 software in DICOM format for post-processing and measurement of angle of uncinate process and sagittal angle of uncinate process.The data were grouped based on gender,age,and side. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)With the increase of vertebral sequence,the angle of uncinate process increased in a V-shaped shape,and the lowest peak was at C5.The overall population showed a sharp peak with the increase of age,and the peak value mostly occurred in the age range of 30-39 years.(2)The sagittal angle of the uncinate process increased like a fishhook with the increase of the vertebral sequence,and the overall angle of the uncinate process increased with age,and the peak value mostly occurred in the age range of 20-29 years.The uncinate process angle and sagittal angle showed only partial significant differences between sides and genders(P<0.05).(3)It is concluded that the angle of the uncinate process increased with the increase of vertebral sequence in a V-shaped manner.The sagittal angle of the uncinate process increases like a fish hook with increasing vertebral order,while the two angles generally peak with increasing age.The angle of the uncinate process is about 131°,which may be closely related to the stability of the cervical spine,while the sagittal angle of the uncinate process is about 14°,and its function may play a certain role in limiting the excessive rotation of the cervical spine.
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Objective:To explore the developmental characteristics of event-related potential(ERP) in cognitive function of recognition memory in children aged 6-12.Methods:A total of 130 normal children were divided into seven age groups (6 ( n=20), 7 ( n=17), 8 ( n=23), 9 ( n=24), 10 ( n=19), 11 ( n=15), and 12 years old ( n=12)) to perform a picture study-recognition task and record the reaction time, accuracy, and ERP components of all participants. SPSS 22.0 software was used for data analysis. Single factor analysis of variance and trend of variance were used to compare the response time and accuracy of 7 groups of children during the recognition stage. Pearson correlation analysis was used to study the correlation between the amplitude of the central midline N2 component and age. Paired t-test was used to examine the old/new effects of the amplitude of midfrontal N2 and midparietal P3 waves. Results:(1) The differences of recognition ability ( F(6, 123)=2.476, P<0.05), old picture reaction time ( F(6, 123)=6.461, P<0.001), and new picture reaction time ( F(6, 123)=4.163, P<0.001) among 7 age groups of children were statistically significant. Recognition ability of children aged 6 (0.61±0.24) was lower than those of 8-12 years old children((0.76±0.27), (0.76±0.10), (0.73±0.11), (0.75±0.10), (0.70±0.17) respectively)(all P<0.05). The reaction time of the old picture showed no difference among the children aged 6-9 (all P>0.05), and the reaction time of old picture of children aged 12 was shorter than those of 6-10 years old children (all P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the reaction time of new pictures among the children aged 6-10 (all P>0.05), and which in children aged 12 was shorter than those in 6-10 years old children(all P<0.01). (2) Age was positively correlated with the amplitude of the N2 component in the central region under the new ( r=0.488, P<0.001) and old picture( r=0.452, P<0.001) conditions. (3)At 6 years old, children showed old/new effects on the mid-frontal electrodes. At 7 years old, there were no old/new effects in either the mid-frontal or mid-parietal regions. From 8 to 9 years old, old/new effects appeared in the mid-parietal lobe. At 10 years old, old/new effects were present in both the mid-frontal and mid-parietal regions. At 11 years old, the mid-parietal lobe showed old/new effects. Finally, at 12 years old, negative old/new effects could be observed in both the mid-frontal and mid-parietal regions. Conclusion:There are three periods of changes in the behavior of picture recognition memory in school-age children. At ages 6-7, the accuracy rate is relatively low; at ages 8-9, it improves; and between ages 10-12, the accuracy rate stabilizes while also enabling faster judgments.Children's recognition memory retrieval process is more complex than their behavioral performance. Children have different tendencies toward strategies, but strategic transitions in recognition processing are not always beneficial for performance.
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Objective To compare the efficacy of three different methods in the prevention of adhesion after the HEOS system for different degrees of intrauterine adhesions.Methods 284 patients with mild,moderate and severe intrauterine adhesions,who were treated with the HEOS system,were divided into three groups,the intrauterine device with sodium hyaluronate gel was placed in Group A,Foley water capsule tube with sodium hyaluronate gel was placed in Group B,and sodium hyaluronate gel was placed in Group C only.The recovery of uterine adhesion,improvement of menstruation,endometrial thickness,and adverse reactions were compared among the three groups.Results The mild intrauterine adhesions group showed statistical differences among the three groups(P<0.05).Group A had a higher menstrual improvement rate than Group C(P<0.017),and there was no significant difference in other therapeutic indicators(P>0.017).However,the adverse reaction rate in Group A was also higher than that in Group C(P<0.017).In the moderate intrauterine group,there was a significant difference in the improvement rate of intrauterine adhesions between Group B and the other two groups(P<0.017).Group A and B were higher than Group C in terms of menstrual status,endometrial thickness,and adverse reactions(P<0.017).In severe intrauterine adhesions,Group A had higher efficacy indicators than other groups(P<0.017).Conclusions The curative effect index and adverse reaction rate were analyzed,after operation.For the light,moderate,and severe intrauterine adhesions,sodium hyaluronate gel,Foley water capsule tube with sodium hyaluronate gel,and intrauterine device with sodium hyaluronate gel were the best choice for adhesion.Individual and hierarchical management can achieve good clinical effects,which is worth popularizing.
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Objective:To study the characteristics of mathematical cognitive function in children with sleep-disordered breathing(SDB) by event-related potential (ERP).Methods:From October 2020 to October 2022, totally 22 cases of SDB children and 22 cases of normal children aged 8-11 were selected.All subjects performed mathematic tasks including calculating and deciding.The EEG changes and behavioral data of children with SDB and normal children were recorded.The latency and amplitude of N1, P2, N2, P3 in leads Fz were measured and compared by Matlab. SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and t test or Mann Whitney U test were used for two independent sample data. Results:(1)Behavior test: the interaction effect between group and type, the group main effect, and the type main effect in accuracy between SDB group and normal group were not significant ( F=0.470, 3.590, 0.003, all P>0.05). The group main effect and interaction effect between group and type in reaction time between SDB group and normal group were not significant ( F=0.465, 1.991, both P>0.05), while the type main effect was significant ( F=18.010, P<0.05). (2)ERP test: the N2, P3 latencies for addition in children with SDB were longer than those in normal group(N2: (371.38±34.23)ms vs (348.12±26.34)ms; P3: (610.72±64.78)ms vs (529.05±30.25)ms)( t=2.526, 5.358, both P<0.05). There was no significant difference between SDB group and normal group in ERP latency and amplitude for subtraction(both P>0.05). The N2, P3 latencies for multiplication in children with SDB were longer than those in normal group(N2: (439.20±24.28)ms vs (351.14±25.26)ms; P3: (531.71±35.42)ms vs (415.23±19.01)ms)( t=11.792, 13.590, both P<0.05). The P3 amplitudes in children with SDB was higher than that in normal group(P3: (3.16±4.78)μV vs (0.38±3.27)μV)( t=2.248, P<0.05). The P3 latency for correct judgment in children with SDB was longer than that in normal group(P3: (420.38±34.79)ms vs (398.54±33.71)ms)( t=2.115, P<0.05). The P3 latency for wrong judgment in children with SDB was longer than that in normal group(P3: (475.25±51.11)ms vs (414.88±27.53)ms)( t=4.878, P<0.05). Conclusion:The latency of N2 and P3 in ERP of SDB children is prolonged, and P3 latency is more sensitive than N2, indicating that SDB children have impairment of mathematical cognitive function.The latency changes of N2 and P3 occurs earlier than the behavioral changes (reaction time and accuracy), which can be used as one of the electrophysiological indicators for early assessment of mathematical cognitive impairment in SDB children.
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Objective:To explore the changing characteristics of early warning information ability in children with transient tic disorder(TTD).Methods:A total of 32 children with TTD(TTD group) diagnosed and treated at Changzhou Children's Hospital from 2018 to 2022 and 36 healthy control children(HC group) recruited from ordinary primary schools in Changzhou city were tested with CPT-Go/Nogo task and their behavioral data and cue/uncue-N2, P3b and CNV components of event related potential(ERP) were analyzed and compared by SPSS 25.0 software.Results:(1)Comparison of behavioral data: there was no statistical difference in the correct number(37(34, 39) vs 38(37, 40)), false number(1(0, 2) vs 1(0, 2))and correct reaction time((511.27±99.27)ms vs(504.88±92.23)ms)between TTD and HC group(all P>0.05). (2) Comparison of ERP components: in the HC group, the amplitudes of cue-CNV were higher than those in uncue-CNV in lead Cz((-4.61±4.67)μV vs(-1.07±3.20)μV)and Pz((-4.17±3.74)μV vs(-1.79±3.49)μV) and the differences were statistically significant(both P<0.01). The amplitude of cue-P3b in lead Pz were higher than that in uncue-P3b((9.13±4.99)μV vs(6.12±6.24)μV) and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.01). Compare with HC group((-4.12±4.25)μV, (-4.61±4.67)μV, (9.13±4.99)μV), the amplitudes of uncue-N2, cue-CNV and cue-P3b in TTD group((-1.29±4.48)μV, (-2.03±3.19)μV, (6.59±3.41)μV) were respectively lower, and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05). Conclusion:Children with TTD may have dysfunction in conflict monitoring, attention allocation, and maintaining alertness when processing early warning information, but there may be corresponding compensation mechanisms for brain function.
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Objective:To explore the prevalence and risk factors of sarcopenia in patients with maintenance dialysis (MHD).Methods:It was a cross-sectional study. Patients who received MHD treatment in the Blood Purification Center of Hainan Provincial People's Hospital in October 2019 were included as study subjects. The patients were divided into sarcopenia group and non-sarcopenia group according to whether they had sarcopenia or not. Chest CT imaging and laboratory examination data were collected. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the skeletal muscle mass. Chi-square test or Mantel-Haenszel trend chi-square test was used to compare the clinical data of patients with and without sarcopenia. Multivariate logistic regression equation was used to analyze the risk factors of sarcopenia.Results:A total of 182 MHD patients were enrolled in the study, and the prevalence of sarcopenia was 33.5% (61/182). The proportions of age ≥60 years old, diabetic nephropathy, tunneled-cuffed catheter, body mass index <18 kg/m 2, serum albumin <40 g/L, low density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥3.37 mmol/L, left ventricular ejection fraction <50%, chest CT-suspected pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and PTB in sarcopenia group were higher than those in non-sarcopenia group (all P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis results showed that left ventricular ejection fraction <50% (≥50% as a reference, OR=3.250, 95% CI 1.035-10.206, P=0.044), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥3.37 mmol/L (<3.37 mmol/L as a reference, OR=6.354 ,95% CI 1.675-24.108, P=0.007), chest CT-suspected PTB (normal as a reference, OR=7.433, 95% CI 1.531-36.083, P=0.013), and PTB (normal as a reference, OR=28.871, 95% CI 3.208-259.872, P=0.030) were independent influencing factors of sarcopenia in MHD patients. Conclusions:The prevalence of sarcopenia is higher in MHD patients. Blood low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥3.37 mmol/L, ejection fraction <50%, chest CT-PTB and suspected PTB are independent risk factors of sarcopenia in MHD patients. Correcting left ventricular systolic function, regulating blood lipids and preventing PTB as early as possible can reduce the prevalence of sarcopenia in MHD patients.
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ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Zuoguiwan on pancreatic islet function in offspring of gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） maternal rat model and explore the mechanisms of Zuoguiwan in improving pancreatic islet function based on postpartum pancreatic regeneration. MethodHealthy female SD rats with normal blood glucose levels were paired with male rats in a 2∶1 ratio and housed together. Pregnancy was confirmed based on vaginal plugs or vaginal smears. The pregnant rats were divided into the following groups： normal group， model group， insulin group （insulin Detemir， 20 U·kg-1）， low-dose Zuoguiwan group （1.89 g·kg-1）， and high-dose Zuoguiwan group （3.78 g·kg-1）. The GDM rat model was induced using streptozotocin in rats except for those in the normal group. The model was confirmed by blood glucose testing in the maternal rats. Except for the normal and model groups， the other groups received daily administration of corresponding treatments. At 21 days after birth， fasting blood glucose （FBG） and fasting serum insulin （FINS） levels were measured in 6 offspring from each group. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance （HOMA-IR） was calculated， and an oral glucose tolerance test （OGTT） was performed on additional 12 offspring from each group. Blood samples were taken from the abdominal aorta of the offspring at postnatal day 22， and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was used to measure insulin， glucagon （GC）， pancreatic polypeptide （PPY）， and somatostatin （SS） levels in the serum. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining was performed to observe pathological changes in the pancreatic tissue of the offspring. Immunofluorescence （IF） was used to observe the area and structure of the pancreatic islets. Western blot was used to detect the expression of key proteins involved in the development and functional expression of pancreatic β-cells， namely pancreatic and duodenal homeobox factor 1 （Pdx1）， Nkx6.1， and Glucose transporter 2 （Glut2）. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed significant increases in FBG and FINS levels， and HOMA-IR （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the insulin group showed significant decreases in FBG levels and HOMA-IR （P<0.01）， the low-dose Zuoguiwan group showed a significant decrease in FBG levels （P<0.05）， and the high-dose Zuoguiwan group showed significant decreases in FBG and FINS levels， and HOMA-IR （P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， the model group showed significant increases in OGTT 60-min blood glucose levels and AUC index （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the high-dose Zuoguiwan group showed significant decreases in OGTT60-min blood glucose levels and area under the curve（AUC） index （P<0.05， P<0.01）. HE staining of pancreatic tissue showed that compared with the normal group， the model group had a reduced number of islets and a loose arrangement of acinar cells. Compared with the model group， the groups with drug treatment showed increased number of islets and a compact arrangement of acinar cells. Compared with the normal group， the model group had significantly increased levels of insulin， GC， PPY， and SS in the serum （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the low-dose and high-dose Zuoguiwan groups and the insulin group showed significantly decreased serum levels of insulin， GC， PPY， and SS （P<0.05， P<0.01）. IF results showed that compared with the normal group， the model group had a significantly lower positive rate of insulin （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the low-dose and high-dose Zuoguiwan groups showed a significant increase in the positive rate of insulin （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the positive rate of GC among the groups. In terms of the proportion of insulin and GC in individual islets， compared with the normal group， the model group showed a significant decrease in the proportion of insulin （P<0.01） and a significant increase in the proportion of GC （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the low-dose and high-dose Zuoguiwan groups showed significantly increased proportion of insulin （P<0.01） and significantly decreased proportion of GC （P<0.01）. Compared with the normal group， the model group showed significantly decreased expression levels of Pdx1， Nkx6.1， and Glut2 proteins in the pancreatic tissue of GDM offspring （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， the insulin group and the low-dose Zuoguiwan group showed significant increases in the expression levels of Pdx1 and Nkx6.1 proteins in the pancreatic tissue of GDM offspring （P<0.05）， and the low-dose and high-dose Zuoguiwan groups showed significant increases in the expression levels of Glut2 protein （P<0.05）. ConclusionZuoguiwan can promote pancreatic islet development in offspring of GDM maternal rat model， improve pancreatic islet morphology and function， and alleviate insulin resistance. Its mechanism of action may be related to the regulation of Pdx1， Nkx6.1， and Glut2 protein expression in the pancreatic tissue of offspring.
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Objective:To develop the problematic short video use scale for college students in the context of Chinese culture, and to test its reliability and validity.Methods:The questionnaire items were established based on bibliographic retrieval method, interviewing method and social investigation method.Totally 275 college students were selected as subjects for item analysis and exploratory analysis, and 642 college students were selected for confirmatory factor analysis, validity analysis and reliability analysis. One month later, 112 college students were retested and test-retest reliability data were collected. SPSS 26.0 and Mplus 8.3 softwares were used for correlation analysis, reliability and validity analysis of the questionnaires.Results:(1) The formal questionnaire contained three dimensions, 13 items in total, and the three dimensions were change of knowledge and behavior, physical discomfort and social viscosity. The internal consistency coefficients of three dimensions were 0.794, 0.820, and 0.716, respectively. The item load ranged from 0.577 to 0.805, and the variance contribution rate was 64.803%. (2) The confirmatory factor analysis results showed that χ2/ df=2.39, SRMR=0.038, RMSEA=0.047, CFI=0.970, TLI=0.963, indicated that the three-factor structure accords with the requirements of psychometrics. (3) The split-half reliability of the questionnaire was 0.885, Cronbach's α was 0.882, and the test-retest reliability after one month was 0.991. The internal consistency reliability of the total questionnaire and each dimension ranged 0.716-0.882. Conclusion:The problematic short video media use scale has good psychometric indicators and it benefits the studies of problematic short video use among Chinese college students.
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Objective:To explore the developmental characteristics of Chinese semantic and orthographic processing in normal school-age children by event-related potential (ERP) technique.Methods:Children aged 7-11 in an ordinary primary school in Changzhou were randomly selected and divided into 7-year old group ( n=21 ), 8-year old group ( n=21), 9-year old group ( n=19), 10-year old group ( n=20) and 11- year old group ( n=22) according to their age.ERP was recorded while subjects completed the Chinese character semantic activation task and pseudo word judgment task. Then the N400 and P200 amplitudes of school-age children under the conditions of semantic correlation, semantic uncorrelation and pseudo word judgment were collected, and the data were analyzed by three factors mixed design ANOVA.Data of behavioral accuracy and response time were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni correction was used for multiple hypothesis testing. The statistical software was SPSS 25.0. Results:(1)Behavioral results: the accuracy of semantic related and semantic unrelated tasks of children in the five groups aged 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 were statistically significant ( F=15.55, 4.01, both P<0.01), and the accuracy of children in the 7-year old group was significantly lower than those in the other four groups (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the accuracy of pseudo word judgment task among the five groups ( F=0.68, P=0.609). The response time of children in the five groups under semantic related and semantic unrelated tasks was significantly different ( F=3.90, 3.13, both P<0.05). The response time of the 11-year old group under semantic related tasks was significantly shorter than those of the 7-, 8- and 9-year old groups (all P<0.05). The response time of the 7-year old and 11-year old groups under semantic unrelated tasks was significantly shorter than those of the 8-, 9- and 10-year old groups (all P<0.05). (2)ERP results: N400 amplitudes of 7-, 8-, 9-, 10- and 11-year old children under semantic related tasks were significantly smaller than those under semantic unrelated tasks and pseudo word judgment tasks (all P<0.05). The N400 amplitude of the subjects gradually decreased with the increase of age, except that there was no statistical difference between the 10-year old and 11-year old groups under the semantic related task, between the 8-year old and 9-year old groups under the semantic unrelated task and the pseudo word judgment task, and between the 10-year old and 11-year old groups (all P>0.05), there were statistical differences between the other age groups (all P<0.05). P200 amplitude of semantic related task at 7-, 8-, 9- and 10-year old was significantly higher than that at semantic unrelated task (all P<0.05), and the amplitude of semantic related task at 7-, 8-, 10- and 11-year old was significantly higher than that at pseudo word judgment (all P<0.05). The amplitude of P200 gradually increased with age, and there were significant differences in pairwise comparison among other age groups ( P<0.05), except semantic related task and unrelated task among 7-, 8- and 9-year old groups, between 10- and 11-year old groups, and pseudo word task between 7- and 8- years old groups, 10- and 11- year old groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion:The semantic processing and orthographic processing of school-age children develop with age in a unique way. The age of 7 is an important period for cognitive development of Chinese language.The age of 8-9 may be a sensitive period for the development of brain plasticity, and the development slows down at the age of 10-11.
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Objective:To explore the semantic priming processing characteristics of children with Chinese developmental dyslexia(DD).Methods:According to scores of the dyslexia checklist for Chinese children, character recognition test and Raven's standard progressive matrices (RSPM), 19 primary school students from a school in Wuqia County of Xinjiang were selected as DD group.Meanwhile, 19 children were selected as chronological-age control(CA) group matching in age and RSPM scores, and 20 children were selected as reading-level control(RL) group according to the character recognition test and RSPM scores.The amplitude of N400 of children in three groups were tested by semantic priming paradigm under the conditions of semantic related, unrelated and pseudo words.Results:The accuracy of the DD group under the conditions of irrelevant semantics((0.55±0.25) vs (0.81±0.16), P<0.05), and pseudo characters((0.43±0.27) vs (0.68±0.26), P<0.05) were significantly lower than those of CA group.There was no difference between DD group and RL group, as well as between RL group and CA group(both P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the response time among the three groups of children under semantic related and unrelated conditions( F=1.23, 2.03, both P>0.05). In terms of ERP data, in semantic related condition, there was no significant difference in N400 amplitude among the three groups ( F=0.55, P>0.05). In semantic unrelated condition, the amplitude of N400 in DD group was smaller than that in CA Group((-5.92±3.70)μV vs (-9.76±3.45)μV, P<0.05), and there was no statistically significant difference between DD group and RL Group((-5.92±3.70)μV vs (-7.41±4.02)μV, P>0.05), as well as between CA gorup and RL group.As to pseudo words condition, children in DD group had a lower amplitude of N400 than those in CA and RL groups ((-6.03±2.92)μV vs (-9.98±3.40)μV, (-8.91±3.40)μV, both P<0.05). While no significant differences were found between CA group and RL group. Conclusion:Children with Chinese DD have cognitive defects in semantic and orthographic processing.The semantic cognitive defects may caused by their low reading level, rather than their inherent defect, while the defect in orthographic processing may be their inherent defect.
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Due to the unsteady morphology of heterogeneous irises generated by a variety of different devices and environments, the traditional processing methods of statistical learning or cognitive learning for a single iris source are not effective. Traditional iris recognition divides the whole process into several statistically guided steps, which cannot solve the problem of correlation between various links. The existing iris data set size and situational classification constraints make it difficult to meet the requirements of learning methods under a single deep learning framework. Therefore, aiming at a one-to-one iris certification scenario, this paper proposes a heterogeneous iris one-to-one certification method with universal sensors based on quality fuzzy inference and a multi-feature entropy fusion lightweight neural network. The method is divided into an evaluation module and a certification module. The evaluation module can be used by different devices to design a quality fuzzy concept inference system and an iris quality knowledge concept construction mechanism, transform human logical cognition concepts into digital concepts, and select appropriate concepts to determine iris quality according to different iris quality requirements and get a recognizable iris. The certification module is a lightweight neural network based on statistical learning ideas and a multi-source feature fusion mechanism. The information entropy of the iris feature label was used to set the iris entropy feature category label and design certification module functions according to the category label to obtain the certification module result. As the requirements for the number and quality of irises changes, the category labels in the certification module function were dynamically adjusted using a feedback learning mechanism. This paper uses iris data collected from three different sensors in the JLU(Jilin University) iris library. The experimental results prove that for the lightweight multi-state irises, the abovementioned problems are ameliorated to a certain extent by this method.
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Objective@#To investigate the expression and clinicopathological significance of high mobility group box protein B1 (HMGB1) protein in breast cancer.@*Methods@#The expression of HMGB1 protein in 26 normal breast tissues and 417 invasive breast cancer tissues diagnosed at Dongyang People′s Hospital, Zhejiang Province from 2016 to 2018 were detected by immunohistochemical EnVision method. The relationship between nuclear and cytoplasmic HMGB1 protein expression and clinicopathologic features of breast cancer patients were analyzed.@*Results@#The nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of HMGB1 protein was 80.8% (337/417) and 16.8% (70/417) respectively in breast cancer, and was 46.2%(12/26) and 0(0/26) respectively in normal breast tissue. Both nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of HMGB1 protein in breast cancer were significantly higher than normal breast tissue (P<0.001, P=0.046, respectively). The nuclear expression of HMGB1 protein was also higher in high grade, estrogen receptor (ER) negative, progesterone receptor (PR) negative (P=0.006, P=0.004, P<0.001, respectively); whereas the cytoplasmic expression of HMGB1 protein was also higher in high grade, estrogen receptor (ER) negative, progesterone receptor (PR) negative (P<0.001 in all) breast cancers. Multivariate logistic regression model showed that nuclear HMGB1 expression correlated with histologic grade (OR=2.188, 95%CI=1.078-4.443, P=0.030), while cytoplasmic HMGB1 expression correlated with histologic grade (OR=3.031, 95%CI=1.600-5.742, P=0.001), ER (OR=0.129, 95%CI=0.034-0.494, P=0.003) and TNM staging (OR=3.820, 95%CI=1.042-14.001, P=0.043). Multivariate analysis of Cox proportional hazard model showed that nuclear HMGB1 expression was an independent risk factor for the overall survival of breast cancer patients (HR=0.366, 95%CI=0.138-0.972, P=0.044).@*Conclusion@#Nuclear and cytoplasmic HMGB1 proteins are related to multiple poor prognostic factors in breast cancer, and may be a potential biomarker for breast cancer treatment.
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Objective:To study the expression of Resistin protein in breast cancer and to evaluate its significance to clinicopathology.Methods:The immunohistochemical technique, EnVision method, was used to evaluate the expression of Resistinin in 42 cases of normal breast tissues and 145 cases of breast cancer, and to analyze the relationship between Resistin protein expression and clinicopathological characteristics and molecular typing of invasive breast cancer patients.Results:The positive rate and strong positive rate of Resistin protein in normal breast tissue were 23.8% (10/42) and 0.0% (0/42) , respectively, while the positive rate and strong positive rate in invasive breast cancer were 88.3% (128/145) and 24.8% (36/145) . The positive rate and strong positive rate of Resistin protein in invasive breast cancer tissues were significantly higher than those in normal breast tissues (both P=0.000) . The positive rate of Resistin protein in invasive breast cancer was significantly higher in estrogen receptor (ER) -negative patients than in ER-positive patients ( P=0.006) , and it was higher in histological grade III and progesterone receptor (PR) -negative subjects than that of I-II and PR-positive, but the difference was not statistically significant ( P=0.053 and P=0.058, respectively) . The strong positive rate of Resistin protein in histological grade III, ER negative, PR negative and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive was significantly higher than that in histological grade I-II, ER positive, PR positive and HER2 negative ( P=0.001, P=0.001, P=0.001, and P=0.015, respectively) .The positive rate and strong positive rate of Resistin protein in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) were significantly higher than those in other breast cancer subtypes ( P=0.048 and P=0.003, respectively) . Conclusion:Resistin plays an important role in the development of breast cancer and is expected to be a potential anti-cancer therapy biologic marker.
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OBJECTIVE: To explore impaired cognition characteristics and abnormal behavior in children with Sleep-Disordered Breathing (SDB) via Event-Related Potentials (ERPs), continuous performance testing (CPT), and the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). METHODS: A total of 108 children aged 6-8â¯years old were recruited, including fifty-four children (28 boys) with SDB and fifty-four normal children (28 boys). CBCL and Chinese version of the OSA-18 questionnaire were administered. Nineteen children with SDB (OSA-18 questionnaire value >60) and Nineteen normal children completed a CPT task. ERP was extracted using the BESA software. RESULTS: No significant differences in the correct number, reaction time, or the number of commission error were noted between the CPT of the two groups (Pâ¯>â¯0.05). The ERP Go-P3 amplitudes at F3, Fz and F4 of the SDB group were significantly higher than those of the control group (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). The NoGo-N2 amplitudes at F3 and Fz of the SDB group were significantly lower than those of the control group (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). The Fz and F4 Go-P3 and FZ NoGo-P3 latency of the SDB group were significantly longer than those of the control group (Pâ¯<â¯0.05). However, among boys, the CBCL scores of the SDB group including the subscores, schizo, somatic complaints, compulsion, aggression, and hyperactivity, as well as the total score, were significantly higher than the control group (all Pâ¯<â¯0.05). CONCLUSION: Children with SDB demonstrate significant functional deficits in regard to conflict monitoring, attention, and inhibition. The frontal region is the primary area of dysfunction, especially in the left brain region, and inhibition function dysfunction may be a common pathogenesis of SDB and ADHD. Moreover, boys with SDB may exhibit more behavior problems when compared to girls.
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Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/etiologia , Potenciais Evocados/fisiologia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/fisiopatologia , Atenção/fisiologia , Criança , Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil/metabolismo , China , Cognição/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Tempo de Reação/fisiologia , Síndromes da Apneia do Sono/metabolismo , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Objective To explore the characteristics of event-related potential(ERP) in the development of alert attention of children aged 6-11 years old.Methods A total of 144 children aged 6-11 years old were enrolled in a continuous performance test (CPT,Go/Nogo stimulus task).The latency and amplitude of frontal region cue/uncue-P3 and CNV were analyzed and compared in all age groups.Results (1)Behavioral comparison among different age groups:correct number(35 (31,38),37 (34,38.25),37 (34.75,39),38(35,39.25),39(37.25,40),39(39,40)),correct reaction time ((566.88± 86.63) ms,(530.10±83.40) ms,(509.17±88.99)ms,(488.31±76.23)ms,(463.45±75.78)ms,(417.24±75..78)ms),the differences were statistically significant (P＜ 0.01).(2) Fz lead ERP characteristics:①Comparison of cueCNV and uncue-CNV:6-year-old group((-8.54±4.56) μV vs (-10.13±6.36) μV),7-year-old group ((-9.20±5.34) μV vs (-11.53±4.29) μV),8-year-old group((-8.37±4.78) μV vs (-11.35±6.38) μV) in amplitude and 9-year-old group((689.25±268.22) ms vs (826.13± 174.62) ms) in latency were significantly different (P＜0.05).(②)Comparison of cue-P3 and uncue-P3:6-year-old group((4.29±4.11) μV vs (7.45±3.83) μV),7-year-old group((4.47±4.71) μV vs (5.82±4.40) μV),8-year-old group((3.76± 3.39) μV vs (6.24 ± 4.91) μV),9-year-old group ((4.27 ± 3.57) μV vs (5.93 ± 3.08) μV),11-year-old group ((4.24±4.66) μV vs (6.13 ±4.42) μV) in amplitude were significantly different (P＜ 0.05).③Longitudinal comparison among age groups:the latency of cue-CNV in 9-year-old group and 11-year-old group were shorter,and the difference was significant(P＜0.05).The amplitudes of cue-CNV and cue-P3 in 10-year-old group were shorter than those in other age groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion With the increase of age,the reaction time of school-age children shortened and the correct rate improved.The age of 9-10 may be the highspeed period of the development for brain network on vigilant attention and psychological prediction which may be related to the maturation and development of frontal cortex.
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Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of multidisciplinary doctor-nurse collaboration team on the perioperation management of geriatric patients with hip fractures. Methods: The clinical data of 489 geriatric patients with hip fractures (femoral neck fracture and intertrochanteric fracture) between January 1st 2016 and January 1st 2018 was retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 279 patients were treated with the multidisciplinary doctor-nurse collaboration care (observation group) and 210 patients were treated with the conventional therapeutics and nursing care (control group). There was no significant difference in gender, age, cause of injury, type and classification of fracture, the interval between injury and admission, and Charlson index between the two groups ( P>0.05). The surgery rates, time from hospitalization to operation, length of stay, and the incidences of perioperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results: The surgery rate was 90.32% (252/279) in observation group and 80.48% (169/210) in control group, showing significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=9.703, P=0.002). The time from hospitalization to operation and length of stay in observation group [(5.39±2.47), (10.56±3.76) days] were significant shorter than those in control group [(6.13±2.79), (12.27±3.11) days] ( t=-3.075, P=0.002; t=-5.330, P=0.000). The incidence of respiratory complications was 46.15% in control group and 30.56% in observation group; the incidence of cardiovascular system complications was 69.23% in control group and 51.19% in observation group; the incidence of cerebrovascular system complications was 20.12% in control group and 11.11% in observation group; the incidence of deep venous thrombosis was 40.24% in control group and 25.40% in observation group. The incidences of perioperative complications were significantly lower in observation group than in control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion: Multidisciplinary doctor-nurse collaboration team is conducive not only to improve the surgery rates, but also to reduce perioperative complications as well as shorten the length of stay and preoperative waiting time.
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Objective@#To investigate the predictive value of protein C(PC) for long-term mortality of patients with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP).@*Methods@#A total of 657 patients with CAP were enrolled in Taian Central Hospital from January 2011 to December 2011.The patients were divided into short-term group(≤30 days), medium-term group(>30~90 days) and long-term group(>90 days). PC, high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP), procalcitonin(PCT), pneumonia severity index(PSI) score and CURB-65 score were measured at the time of admission.The ROC curve was used to evaluate the independent risk factors.The Kaplan-Meier survival function curve was used to analyze the difference of mortality between the short-term group and long-term group.Independent risk factors for CAP risk were analyzed by COX regression.@*Results@#A total of 597 cases were followed up, there were 49 cases(8.09%) in the short-term group, 11 cases(1.84%) in the medium-term group, and 537 cases(89.93%) in the long-term group.The PC levels in the short-term group, medium-term group and long-term group were (32.2±10.6)%, (43.1±9.9)%, (69.6±23.0)%, respectively.The level of PC was significantly increased in the short-term group compared with the medium-term group and long-term group (short-term group vs.medium-term group, q=6.18, P<0.05, short-term group vs.long-term group, q=9.87, P<0.05). The hs-CRP levels in the short-term group, medium-term group and long-term group were (108.1±22.4)mg/L, (68.2±12.9)mg/L, (25.1±17.1)mg/L, respectively.The level of hs-CRP was significantly increased in the short-term group compared with the medium-term group and long-term group (short-term group vs.medium-term group, q=5.23, P<0.05, short-term group vs.long-term group, q=12.95, P<0.05). Meanwhile, PC showed higher accuracy(AUC, 0.889) than CURB-65(AUC, 0.828) and hs-CRP(AUC, 0.711) in the long-term group.The Kaplan-Meier survival function curve showed that the mortality rate was significantly higher in the high-value group compared with the low-value group(F=17.10, P<0.01). PC was an independent factor for long-term mortality and was associated with poorer survival by the COX regression analysis.@*Conclusion@#PC has a high predictive value for long-term mortality in CAP patients.
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Objective@#To explore the characteristics of event-related potential(ERP) in the development of alert attention of children aged 6-11 years old.@*Methods@#A total of 144 children aged 6-11 years old were enrolled in a continuous performance test (CPT, Go/Nogo stimulus task). The latency and amplitude of frontal region cue/uncue-P3 and CNV were analyzed and compared in all age groups.@*Results@#(1)Behavioral comparison among different age groups: correct number(35(31, 38), 37(34, 38.25), 37(34.75, 39), 38(35, 39.25), 39(37.25, 40), 39(39, 40)), correct reaction time((566.88±86.63)ms, (530.10±83.40)ms, (509.17±88.99)ms, (488.31±76.23)ms, (463.45±75.78)ms, (417.24±75.78)ms), the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01). (2)Fz lead ERP characteristics: ①Comparison of cue-CNV and uncue-CNV: 6-year-old group((-8.54±4.56)μV vs (-10.13±6.36)μV), 7-year-old group((-9.20±5.34)μV vs (-11.53±4.29)μV), 8-year-old group((-8.37±4.78)μV vs (-11.35±6.38)μV)in amplitude and 9-year-old group((689.25±268.22)ms vs (826.13±174.62)ms)in latency were significantly different(P<0.05). ②Comparison of cue-P3 and uncue-P3: 6-year-old group((4.29±4.11)μV vs (7.45±3.83)μV), 7-year-old group((4.47±4.71)μV vs (5.82±4.40)μV), 8-year-old group((3.76±3.39)μV vs (6.24±4.91)μV), 9-year-old group((4.27±3.57)μV vs (5.93±3.08)μV), 11-year-old group((4.24±4.66)μV vs (6.13±4.42)μV)in amplitude were significantly different(P<0.05). ③Longitudinal comparison among age groups: the latency of cue-CNV in 9-year-old group and 11-year-old group were shorter, and the difference was significant(P<0.05). The amplitudes of cue-CNV and cue-P3 in 10-year-old group were shorter than those in other age groups(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#With the increase of age, the reaction time of school-age children shortened and the correct rate improved.The age of 9-10 may be the high-speed period of the development for brain network on vigilant attention and psychological prediction which may be related to the maturation and development of frontal cortex.
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Objective To investigate the predictive value of protein C( PC) for long -term mortality of patients with community-acquired pneumonia(CAP).Methods A total of 657 patients with CAP were enrolled in Taian Central Hospital from January 2011 to December 2011.The patients were divided into short-term group(≤30 days),medium-term group(>30~90 days) and long-term group(>90 days).PC,high sensitivity C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),procalcitonin(PCT),pneumonia severity index(PSI) score and CURB-65 score were measured at the time of admission.The ROC curve was used to evaluate the independent risk factors.The Kaplan-Meier surviv-al function curve was used to analyze the difference of mortality between the short-term group and long-term group. Independent risk factors for CAP risk were analyzed by COX regression.Results A total of 597 cases were followed up,there were 49 cases(8.09% ) in the short-term group,11 cases(1.84% ) in the medium -term group,and 537 cases(89.93% ) in the long-term group.The PC levels in the short-term group,medium-term group and long-term group were (32.2 ± 10.6)% ,(43.1 ± 9.9)% ,(69.6 ± 23.0)% ,respectively.The level of PC was signifi-cantly increased in the short-term group compared with the medium-term group and long-term group ( short-term group vs.medium-term group,q =6.18,P <0.05,short -term group vs.long -term group,q=9.87,P <0.05).The hs-CRP levels in the short-term group,medium-term group and long-term group were (108.1 ± 22.4)mg/L,(68.2 ± 12.9 ) mg/L, ( 25.1 ± 17.1 ) mg/L, respectively. The level of hs - CRP was significantly increased in the short-term group compared with the medium-term group and long-term group (short-term group vs.medium-term group, q =5.23, P <0.05, short -term group vs. long -term group, q =12.95, P<0.05 ). Meanwhile,PC showed higher accuracy(AUC,0.889) than CURB-65( AUC,0.828) and hs-CRP( AUC,0.711) in the long-term group.The Kaplan-Meier survival function curve showed that the mortality rate was significantly higher in the high-value group compared with the low-value group(F=17.10,P<0.01).PC was an independent factor for long - term mortality and was associated with poorer survival by the COX regression analysis. Conclusion PC has a high predictive value for long-term mortality in CAP patients.
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Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand activated nuclear transcription factors and one of the members of the non steroidal nuclear receptor superfamily.It can be divided into PPAR alpha,PPAR beta / delta and PPAR gamma three subtypes according to the different of its structure and function.Previous studies showed that PPARs participated in biochemical reactions and the regulation of other important biological activities such as lipogenesis,glucose metabolism,inflammation,insulin sensitivity and so on.Recent researches showed that PPARs also had effect of anti-fibrosis,protecting ischemia-reperfusion injury and inhibiting the growth and differentiation of tumor cells.This article reviewed the recent research progress of PPARs in these liver diseases.