RESUMO
Background: Many types of computed tomography (CT) scans require the use of contrast. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a known adverse effect of intravenous contrast administration. To our knowledge, the effects of low-osmolar contrast agents such as iopamidol on renal function in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus have never been studied. This study investigates the incidence of AKI following iopamidol contrast administration in patients infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Methods: This retrospective cohort study included two groups: patients who received CT pulmonary angiography who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and those who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Data were collected from the electronic medical record of a single hospital from January 1, 2020, to September 15, 2020. AKI was defined using the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes definition: increase in serum creatinine by ≥0.3 mg/dL (≥26.5 mcmol/L) within 48 h, or increase in serum creatinine to ≥1.5 times baseline, which is known or presumed to have occurred within the prior 7 days, or urine volume <0.5 mL/kg/h for 6 h. Results: AKI occurred in 13.51% of patients in the SARS-CoV-2 positive group and 16.92% of patients in the negative group. Using a two-sample test to compare the equality of proportions (with continuity correction factor), we found there is no significant difference in the two proportions (P = 0.3735). Conclusion: There was no significant difference in the incidence of AKI between SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative groups. Given the limitations of this study, further work must be done on this topic.
RESUMO
Point-of-Care ultrasound (POCUS) is the bedside utilization of ultrasound, in real-time, to aid in the diagnosis and treatment of patients. Image acquisition from POCUS utilization by anesthesiologists involves the assessment of multiple organs in different perioperative situations. POCUS can be utilized to enhance clinical decision-making in a variety of perioperative situations due to its ability to assess endotracheal tube placement, cardiac function, pulmonary function, aspiration risk, hemodynamics, vascular access, and nerve visualization for regional procedures. The mounting clinical evidence for the value of POCUS in perioperative settings, its growing affordability, and its low associated risks are responsible for the nationwide movement across many anesthesiology residency programs to increase the focus on perioperative ultrasound training. The purpose of this review is to present to current anesthesiologists and anesthesiology trainees, a broad discussion regarding the diverse utility and importance of POCUS in perioperative settings.
