[The polymorphism of detoxification genes system genes in very preterm infants.]

his article is devoted to the comparative analysis of polymorphism of genes of the detoxification system in premature newborns with birth weight less than 1500 g and gestational age less than 32 weeks, formed bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (n=50), and without signs of BPD (n=47). A positive association between the presence in the genotype of deletion variants of glutathioneS-transferases (GSTT1 and GSTМ1) and risk of developing BPD in preterm infants.

[The evaluation of oxidation stress in umbilical blood and lysate of endothelial cells of vessels of umbilical cord of newborns.]

The sampling of newborns (n=28) was examined. Out of them, 18 premature children formed main group (gestation age from 28 to35 weeks, body mass 2067,3±76,7g) and 10 mature children formed comparison group (gestation age from 38 to 41 weeks, body mass 3380,2±57,2g) born from mothers with physiologically occurring pregnancy without extra-genital pathology. In all children, the detection of endothelial cells isolated from umbilical cord vein in mixed umbilical blood and lysate was applied and indices of free radical oxidation of lipids, characterizing oxidizing stress as well and anti-oxidation activity using chemiluminescence technique. The study results demonstrated in premature newborns increasing in umbilical blood of indices of fast flash chemiluminescence (Imax), light sun value (S) and tangent of kinetic curve slope (tga) and also increasing of parameters Imax and tga in lysate of endothelial cells of umbilical cord. Al these occurrences testify in these children development oxidation stress being accompanied by compensation increasing of antioxidant activity.

[The content of Clara's cells protein in highly premature newborns with respiration disorders].

The study was carried out to analyze the content of Clara's cells protein in highly premature newborns with respiration disorders in neonatal period. The sample of 106 premature newborns of gestational age 26-32 weeks and body mass at birth 660-1500 g was examined. The concentration of Clara's cells protein in bronchoalveolar liquid and blood serum was higher in patients with inborn pneumonia as compared with children with respiratory distress syndrome. The low content Clara's cells protein in highly premature newborns with pneumonia was related with subsequent development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

[Urine cholinesterase activity in full-term neonatal infants with ischemic nephropathy].

To determine urine cholinesterase activity in full-term neonatal infants with varying ischemic nephropathy in an intensive care unit, the investigators studied this enzyme on days 1 and 5-7 of life, by using a kinetic photometric test optimized according to the Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Klinische Chemie (German Society for Clinical Chemistry) recommendations. In the early neonatal period, the newborns with grade III ischemic nephropathy were found to have a high urine cholinesterase activity. The determination of urine cholinesterase activity just on the first day of life may be used for the early diagnosis of grade III ischemic nephropathy in the newborns until the clinical manifestations of this pathology develop.

[The inherent malformations in the structure of infant mortality in Ivanovskaya oblast].

The dynamics and role of inherent malformations in the structure of infant mortality in Ivanovskaya oblast from 2007 to 2008 is analyzed. The data on the rate of inherent handicaps in population is received. The decrease of mortality among children younger than 1 year is revealed. The higher percentage of inherent malformations in the structure of infant mortality due to inherent valvular heart disease, nervous system, kidney diseases and multiple inherent malformations in male newborns are identified.

[Determination of medium-weight molecules in the plasma and urine of neonatal infants with ischemic nephropathy].

To ascertain the level of medium-weight molecules in the plasma and urine in critically ill neonatal infants with varying ischemic nephropathy, the authors determined the content of medium-weight molecules by N. I. Gabrielyan's procedure modified by M. Ya. Malakhova. Within the first 24 hours of life, the newborn infants with ischemic nephropathy had high plasma levels of medium-weight proteins. The high plasma levels of medium-weight molecules were attended by their urinary elimination in first- and second-grade ischemic nephropathy and these were not compensated for by their elimination in third-grade nephropathy, which was linked to decreased renal excretory function. The determination of medium-weight molecules in the plasma and urine permits identification of acute renal failure in the newborn.

[The levels of nitrites and medium molecular-weight molecules in the blood of neonatal infants with posthypoxic cardiopathy].

A hundred and four neonatal infants underwent clinical and functional studies in early neonatality. The levels of nitrites and medium molecular-weight molecules were determined in cardiologically healthy neonatal infants and children with posthypoxic cardiopathy. The magnitude of increases in biochemical parameters was found to be associated with clinical type of cardiopathy: their level significantly elevates in transient myocardial ischemia, their values achieve the maximum level in neonatal pulmonary hypertension and in the presence of functioning fetal communications.