A case series of orthodontic traction of maxillary impacted canine.

Impacted maxillary canine is frequently encountered in clinical practice. Being the cornerstone of the dentition, orthodontic traction of impacted canine is always desirable in order to achieve successful functional occlusion. The aim of this case series is to illustrate different methods employed for orthodontic traction of maxillary impacted canine.

Expressional Analysis of MSX1 (Human) Revealed its Role in Sagittal Jaw Relationship.

INTRODUCTION: Abnormal skeletal jaw relationships is an important factor causing difficulty in speech, mastication, sleep and social interaction, thus affect the overall well being of an individual. AIM: The present study was an attempt to decipher the role of human MSX1 in terms of sagittal jaw relationship by employing Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-eight case subjects belonging to North India with skeletal Class II and Class III jaw relationships were selected. Further, thirty-five control subjects of the same region having Class I skeletal and dental relationships (normal Jaw relationships) with good alignment of all teeth were enrolled. MSX1 gene sequencing was performed using the subjects' blood samples. Multiple sequence alignment was performed to find Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP's). Nine SNP's were obtained of which seven were reported and two novels. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi square test to compare genotype differences between case and control groups. RESULTS: SNP rs186861426 was found to be significantly associated in Class I subjects (p-value=0.02). The sequencing results suggested that individuals having changes from G (guanosine) with A (adenine) genotype had approximately seven times low risk for developing Class II division 1 malocclusion as compared to those alleles having GG genotype and therefore, allele 'A' position on chromosome 4 (rs186861426) seems to have a protective role. CONCLUSION: The study unfolds an important relationship between MSX1 gene and Class II division 1 malocclusion and Class I normal skeletal relationships. The study tried to interpret the role of human MSX1 and extend the gene pool responsible for the skeletal anomalies related to development of abnormal upper and lower jaws.

Treatment of Bi-maxillary Protrusion with Impacted Maxillary and Mandibular Canines: Case Report.

Bi-maxillary protrusion in adolescent patients has traditionally been treated by extraction of the four first premolars and retraction ofthe anterior teeth. The ectopic eruption of the maxiIlary permanent canines is a frequently encountered clinical problem. Orthodontic treatment of the impacted teeth remains a challenge for clinicians. If it is associated with other dental and skeletalproblems, there will be further complications to the treatment plan. In such cases, if we extract canines, then problems with this approach are restricted to anatomical and functional limitations ofpremolars substitution of canines. Here, we are presenting a case report of bi-maxillary dento-alveolar protrusion with the impacted maxillary and mandibular left canines and its management.

Effect of Oral Appliance for Snoring and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

To analyze therapeutic and clinical efficacy of mandibular advancement device (MAD) on snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Thirty patients with OSA were recruited on the basis ofpolysomnography with an Apnea and Hypopnea Index (AHI) greater than 5 but less than 30. Repeat polysomnography was performed in follow up with the appliance in place. MAD used in the study is Medical Dental Sleep Appliance (MDSA). It is a titratable appliance. With the appliance in position, the mandible was advanced to an extent that did not exceed 70% of maximum protrusion capacity; Vertical opening did not exceed on an average 3-4 mm beyond freeway space. Comparison of pre AHI scores (diagnostic PSG) with post AHI scores (PSG with OA in-situ) showed a decrease from Mean +/- SD 26.2367 +/- 6.53 to 13.7111 +/- 627. A highly significant (p < 0.001) improvement in AHI was observed. Pre and post ESS score showed a mean decrease from 14.2333 +/- 5.00 to 6.1481 +/- 2.46 MDSA is effective in reducing apnea hypopnea index scores and improving oxygen saturation level.

Corrosion behavior of titanium wires: an in vitro study.

CONTEXT: Teeth and restorations are subjected continuously to degradation in hostile physical and chemical environments, resulting in corrosion. Component of liquid or solid is an important factor influencing the corrosion of metallic appliances placed in the oral cavity. AIMS: To study in vitro corrosion of titanium wires immersed in solutions of toothpaste and chocolate in artificial saliva. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immersion test and electrochemical studies using different parameters, including corrosion potential (E corr ), cathodic Tafel constant (ßc), anodic Tafel constant (ßa), corrosion current (I corr ), polarization resistance (R p ), and corrosion rate of titanium wires, were done in solutions of artificial saliva containing Colgate™ toothpaste and Amul™ chocolate. Photomicrographs were also taken. RESULTS: The results showed degradation of titanium wires by electrochemical attack when they were placed in the hostile electrolytic environments provided in the experiments. Surface analysis of titanium wires showed pitting and localized attacks on the surface. Pitting corrosion was found in the titanium wires.

Evaluation of metronidazole nanofibers in patients with chronic periodontitis: A clinical study.

AIM: Prevention of periodontal disease progression is the primary goal of periodontal therapy. When conventional therapy is found to be inadequate in achieving periodontal health in chronic periodontitis, local antimicrobial agents are used as an adjunct to scaling and root planing (SRP), which produces encouraging results. In the present study, an attempt was made to develop a low-dose controlled-release delivery system for the treatment of periodontal infections. A new sustained release drug system of poly e-caprolactone (PCL) nanofibers containing metronidazole (MET) was successfully electrospun and evaluated clinically for periodontal diseases. The retentive nanofibres were shown to provide a controlled delivery of the drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nanofibers were prepared with MET in PCL by electrospinning technique. The drug-coated nanofibers provided sustained effect up to a period of 11 days (264 h) and followed first-order release. Forty sites in seven patients (four females and three males) with chronic periodontitis (5-8 mm probing depth) were allocated in two experimental treatment groups: Group A treated with SRP + MET nanofibers and Group B treated with SRP alone (control group). All these patients were evaluated clinically for probing depth (PD), plaque index (PI), and gingival index (GI). RESULTS: Both the treatment groups were found to be efficacious in the treatment of periodontal disease as demonstrated by improvement in PD, PI, and GI. CONCLUSION: Combination of SRP + MET nanofibers (Group A) resulted in added benefits, compared to the control group.