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BACKGROUND: Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare and clinically aggressive hematologic malignancy originating from the precursors of plasmacytoid dendritic cells. BPDCN often involves the skin, lymph nodes, and bone marrow, with rapid clinical progression and a poor prognosis. The BPDCN diagnosis is mainly based on the immunophenotype. CASE SUMMARY: In this paper, we retrospectively analyzed 2 cases of BPDCN. Both patients were elderly males. The lesions manifested as skin masses. Morphological manifestations included diffuse and dense tumor cell infiltration of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that cluster of differentiation CD4, CD56, CD43, and CD123 were positive. CONCLUSION: In this paper, we retrospectively analyzed 2 cases of BPDCN. Both patients were elderly males. The lesions manifested as skin masses. Morphological manifestations included diffuse and dense tumor cell infiltration of the dermis and subcutaneous tissues. Immunohistochemistry staining showed that cluster of differentiation CD4, CD56, CD43, and CD123 were positive.
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BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a serious health concern in China, with approximately 80 % of global infections occurring in China. To develop effective prevention and control strategies, this study explored the epidemiological characteristics of JE in China based on spatiotemporal data, to understand the patterns and trends of JE incidence in different regions and time periods. METHOD: The incidence and mortality rates of JE were extracted from the Public Health Data Center, the official website of the National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, and the National Notifiable Infectious Disease Surveillance System from 2004 to 2019. Joinpoint regression was applied to examine the spatiotemporal patterns and annual percentage change in incidence and mortality of the JE. RESULTS: From 2004 to 2019, a total of 43,569 cases of JE were diagnosed, including 2081 deaths. The annual incidence rate of JE decreased from 0.4171/100,000 in 2004 to 0.0298/100,000 in 2019, with an annual percentage change (APC) of -13.5 % (P < 0.001). The annual mortality rate of JE showed three stages of change, with inflection points in 2006 and 2014. The incidence and mortality rates of JE have declined in all provinces of China, and more cases were reported in 0-14 years of age, accounting for nearly 80 % of all patients. CONCLUSIONS: The morbidity and mortality rates of JE in China are generally on a downward trend, and emphasis should be placed on strengthening disease surveillance in special areas and populations, popularizing vaccination, and increasing publicity.
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Encefalite Japonesa , Vigilância da População , Análise Espaço-Temporal , Humanos , Encefalite Japonesa/epidemiologia , Encefalite Japonesa/mortalidade , China/epidemiologia , Incidência , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Lactente , Adulto , Feminino , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Recém-NascidoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Although the specific pathogenesis of preterm birth (PTB) has not been thoroughly clarified, it is known to be related to various factors, such as pregnancy complications, maternal socioeconomic factors, lifestyle habits, reproductive history, environmental and psychological factors, prenatal care, and nutritional status. PTB has serious implications for newborns and families and is associated with high mortality and complications. Therefore, the prediction of PTB risk can facilitate early intervention and reduce its resultant adverse consequences. AIM: To analyze the risk factors for PTB to establish a PTB risk prediction model and to assess postpartum anxiety and depression in mothers. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 648 consecutive parturients who delivered at Shenzhen Bao'an District Songgang People's Hospital between January 2019 and January 2022 was performed. According to the diagnostic criteria for premature infants, the parturients were divided into a PTB group (n = 60) and a full-term (FT) group (n = 588). Puerperae were assessed by the Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS), based on which the mothers with anxiety and depression symptoms were screened for further analysis. The factors affecting PTB were analyzed by univariate analysis, and the related risk factors were identified by logistic regression. RESULTS: According to univariate analysis, the PTB group was older than the FT group, with a smaller weight change and greater proportions of women who underwent artificial insemination and had gestational diabetes mellitus (P < 0.05). In addition, greater proportions of women with reproductive tract infections and greater white blood cell (WBC) counts (P < 0.05), shorter cervical lengths in the second trimester and lower neutrophil percentages (P < 0.001) were detected in the PTB group than in the FT group. The PTB group exhibited higher postpartum SAS and SDS scores than did the FT group (P < 0.0001), with a higher number of mothers experiencing anxiety and depression (P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a greater maternal weight change, the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus, a shorter cervical length in the second trimester, a greater WBC count, and the presence of maternal anxiety and depression were risk factors for PTB (P < 0.01). Moreover, the risk score of the FT group was lower than that of the PTB group, and the area under the curve of the risk score for predicting PTB was greater than 0.9. CONCLUSION: This study highlights the complex interplay between postpartum anxiety and PTB, where maternal anxiety may be a potential risk factor for PTB, with PTB potentially increasing the incidence of postpartum anxiety in mothers. In addition, a greater maternal weight change, the presence of gestational diabetes mellitus, a shorter cervical length, a greater WBC count, and postpartum anxiety and depression were identified as risk factors for PTB.
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Objective: Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) are collectively known as Lewy body dementia (LBD). Considering the heterogeneous nature of LBD and the different constellations of symptoms with which patients can present, the exact molecular mechanism underlying the differences between these two isoforms is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the biomarkers and potential mechanisms that distinguish between PDD and DLB. Methods: The mRNA expression profile dataset of GSE150696 was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between 12 DLB and 12 PDD were identified from Brodmann area 9 of human postmortem brains using GEO2R. A series of bioinformatics methods were applied to identify the potential signaling pathways involved, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was used to further investigate the relationship between gene co-expression and different LBD subtypes. Hub genes that are strongly associated with PDD and DLB were obtained from the intersection of DEGs and selected modules by WGCNA. Results: A total of 1,864 DEGs between PDD and DLB were filtered by the online analysis tool GEO2R. We found that the most significant GO- and KEGG-enriched terms are involved in the establishment of the vesicle localization and pathways of neurodegeneration-multiple diseases. Glycerolipid metabolism and viral myocarditis were enriched in the PDD group. A B-cell receptor signaling pathway and one carbon pool by folate correlated with DLB in the results obtained from the GSEA. We found several clusters of co-expressed genes which we designated by colors in our WGCNA analysis. Furthermore, we identified seven upregulated genes, namely, SNAP25, GRIN2A, GABRG2, GABRA1, GRIA1, SLC17A6, and SYN1, which are significantly correlated with PDD. Conclusion: The seven hub genes and the signaling pathways we identified may be involved in the heterogeneous pathogenesis of PDD and DLB.
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Exosomes are special extracellular vesicles secreted by cells, which are of great significance in the basic research of life science and clinical application and has become a hot research field with rapid development in recent 10 years. Therefore, the isolation and separation of exosomes is particularly important for the research and application of exosomes. This paper aims to review the research progress of exosome isolation and separation methods in recent years, including ultracentrifugation, ultrafiltration, sizeexclusion chromatography, precipitation, immunomagnetic bead capture method, aptamer-based isolation, and isolation methods based on microfluidic technology. It is generally accepted that most of the existing methods have limitations, for example, ultracentrifugation is time-consuming and laborious, and immunomagnetic bead capture method and aptamer-based separation method have small sample processing capacity and high cost. As a result, we also introduce some common situations in which two or more methods are combined for use. Finally, the separation and isolation methods including all those presented in this review were compared and summarized.
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Exossomos , Vesículas Extracelulares , Exossomos/química , Exossomos/metabolismo , Ultracentrifugação/métodos , Transporte BiológicoRESUMO
Integuments form important protective cell layers surrounding the developing ovules in gymno- and angiosperms. Although several genes have been shown to influence the development of integuments, the transcriptional regulatory mechanism is still poorly understood. In this work, we report that the Class II KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEOBOX (KNOX II) transcription factors KNOTTED1-LIKE HOMEBOX GENE 3 (KNAT3) and KNAT4 regulate integument development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). KNAT3 and KNAT4 were co-expressed in inflorescences and especially in young developing ovules. The loss-of-function double mutant knat3 knat4 showed an infertility phenotype, in which both inner and outer integuments of the ovule are arrested at an early stage and form an amorphous structure as in the bell1 (bel1) mutant. The expression of chimeric KNAT3- and KNAT4-EAR motif repression domain (SRDX repressors) resulted in severe seed abortion. Protein-protein interaction assays demonstrated that KNAT3 and KNAT4 interact with each other and also with INNER NO OUTER (INO), a key transcription factor required for the outer integument formation. Transcriptome analysis showed that the expression of genes related with integument development is influenced in the knat3 knat4 mutant. The knat3 knat4 mutant also had a lower indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content, and some auxin signaling pathway genes were downregulated. Moreover, transactivation analysis indicated that KNAT3/4 and INO activate the auxin signaling gene IAA INDUCIBLE 14 (IAA14). Taken together, our study identified KNAT3 and KNAT4 as key factors in integument development in Arabidopsis.
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Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Óvulo Vegetal , Ácidos Indolacéticos/metabolismo , Regulação da Expressão Gênica de Plantas , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/genética , Proteínas de Homeodomínio/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismoRESUMO
The key point in facing the demand for the disposal of waste storage in rural areas of China is to manage informal landfills. However, limited studies have been conducted to evaluate the phytoremediation efficiency of heavy metal and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) co-contaminated dumpsite soil with high ammonia nitrogen content. In this study, we selected the tolerant plant legume alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) for a pot experiment to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) (0, 10, and 50 mg·kg-1) on plant growth, the removal of pollutants, and soil bacterial community structure in Cd-PAHs co-contaminated soil, so as to evaluate the role of N in the process of phytoremediation of dumpsite soil. The results showed that the biomass of alfalfa under high co-contamination conditions (Cd:10 mg·kg-1 and PAHs:400 mg·kg-1) increased with N supply and was 6.0 and 6.3 times higher than that of the treatment without N supply, respectively. Furthermore, the lower N level promoted the growth of alfalfa in the low-contamination group (Cd:1 mg·kg-1 and PAHs:100 mg·kg-1), but the difference was not significant, and a high concentration of N significantly inhibited its growth. In addition, the phytoremediation efficiency for Cd in the low-contamination group ranged from 5.58% to 7.49%, and N significantly increased the efficiency in the high co-contamination group from 0.95% to 3.02%. Compared with the removal of phenanthrene, N had a stronger influence on the removal of pyrene. Meanwhile, alfalfa could promote the removal of them in soil, among which the degradation of PAHs by microorganisms was dominant, whereas the contribution of the plant uptake pathway was less than 0.21%. As reflected by distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA), PAHs and Cd were the main factors affecting the structure of the microbial community; moreover, N had a greater effect on bacterial community composition in the single Cd-contamination and high co-contamination groups, promoting genera with bioremediation effects as the dominant soil bacterial communities, including Arthrobacter, Microbacterium, and Novosphingobium. This study will provide a theoretical basis for the remediation of dumpsites as well as informal landfills with contaminated soil.
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Metais Pesados , Fenantrenos , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos , Poluentes do Solo , Amônia/metabolismo , Biodegradação Ambiental , Cádmio/análise , Medicago sativa , Metais Pesados/análise , Nitrogênio/análise , Fenantrenos/análise , Hidrocarbonetos Policíclicos Aromáticos/análise , Pirenos/análise , Solo/química , Microbiologia do Solo , Poluentes do Solo/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma(SPTCL) is a very rare cytotoxic T-cell skin lymphoma involving subcutaneous tissue, and mainly affects young females. T-cell phenotype is characterized by CD3+, CD8+, and CD4-. SPTCT with polycranial neuropathy has rarely been described. SPTCL is believed to show an indolent clinical course unless patients develop haemophagocytic syndrome or sudden respiratory failure. Its treatment has not been established yet. CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of intractable SPTCT in a 66-year-old woman with multiple cranial nerve palsies and diabetes. She showed involvement of the bilateral facial nerve, left trigeminal nerve, left auditory nerve, and right oculomotor nerve. The single inconspicuous skin lesion in the trunk presented with an erythematous nodule with a diameter of <5 cm and a slightly pink infiltrated plaque. Electromyography revealed bilateral damage to the facial nerve. Differential immunohistochemical characteristics were observed. Immunohistochemistry demonstrated diffuse CD20 positivity. Cerebral spinal fluid analysis revealed elevated protein levels of 0.92 (0.15-0.45) g/L. Her condition regressed severely over time. She was treated with chemotherapy but died 10 months later, the probable cause of death was lung involvement. CONCLUSION: The patient's involvement with the central nervous system may be associated with positivity for CD20. Molecular biomarkers may act as therapeutic targets for SPTCL.
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Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T , Linfoma de Células T , Paniculite , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico , Neoplasias Cutâneas , Feminino , Humanos , Linfoma de Células T/complicações , Linfoma de Células T/diagnóstico , Linfoma de Células T/tratamento farmacológico , Linfoma Cutâneo de Células T/tratamento farmacológico , Paniculite/diagnóstico , Paniculite/tratamento farmacológico , Paniculite/etiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso Periférico/etiologia , Neoplasias Cutâneas/patologiaRESUMO
Sequential and combined soil washing tests of Na2EDTA and phosphoric acids were conducted to remediation soil contaminated with arsenic and cationic metals (cadmium, copper, and lead) at a former metal smelter. The aim of the testing was to improve the heavy metals removal efficiency and investigate the mechanism of the influence of soil minerals on washing efficiency, including the influence on soil mineral, metal oxides, and functional groups of soil surface. The results indicated that the combined washing of Na2EDTA and phosphoric acid was effective in removing both arsenic and cationic metals from contaminated soil and had synergy effect for most target metals. The results of metal removal efficiency indicated that the washing agent, washing mode, and washing times influenced the removal efficiencies of arsenic and cationic metals. The spectroscopic analysis demonstrated that sequential and combined washings were effective in dissolving and reforming soil minerals compared with single washing. The promoted complexation, ligand exchange, desorption, and inhibition of adsorption resulted in the synergistic effect for most target metals under combined washing.
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Arsênio , Recuperação e Remediação Ambiental , Metais Pesados , Poluentes do Solo , Arsênio/análise , Ácido Edético , Metais Pesados/análise , Minerais , Ácidos Fosfóricos , Solo , Poluentes do Solo/análiseRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) is one of the most important steps in radical prostatectomy (RP). Not only can PLND provide accurate clinical staging to guide treatment after prostatectomy but PLND can also improve the prognosis of patients by eradicating micro-metastases. However, reports of the number of pelvic lymph nodes have generally come from incomplete dissection during surgery, there is no anatomic study that assesses the number and variability of lymph nodes. Our objective is to assess the utility of adopting the lymph node count as a metric of surgical quality for the extent of lymph node dissection during RP for prostate cancer by conducting a dissection study of pelvic lymph nodes in adult male cadavers. METHODS: All 30 adult male cadavers underwent pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND), and the lymph nodes in each of the 9 dissection zones were enumerated and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 1267 lymph nodes were obtained. The number of lymph nodes obtained by limited PLND was 4-22 (14.1 ± 4.5), the number obtained by standard PLND was 16-35 (25.9 ± 5.6), the number obtained by extended PLND was 17-44 (30.0 ± 7.0), and the number obtained by super-extended PLDN was 24-60 (42.2 ± 9.7). CONCLUSIONS: There are substantial inter-individual differences in the number of lymph nodes in the pelvic cavity. These results have demonstrated the rationality and feasibility of adopting lymph node count as a surrogate for evaluating the utility of PLND in radical prostatectomy, but these results need to be further explored.
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Excisão de Linfonodo/métodos , Linfonodos/anatomia & histologia , Pelve/anatomia & histologia , Prostatectomia/métodos , Neoplasias da Próstata/cirurgia , Idoso , Cadáver , Humanos , Masculino , Prognóstico , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologiaRESUMO
Regulatory factors function by modulating a variety of cascade mechanisms in cells. RBM4 is a multifunctional RNA-binding protein in post-transcriptional gene regulation. Cytoplasmic RBM4 interacts with Ago2 to regulate inflammatory responses by affecting mRNA decay and cap-dependent translation. However, it is unclear whether RBM4 functions in inflammation regulation by its splicing factor role. Here, the cell biology, gene expression profile and alternative splicing pattern of HeLa cells with RBM4 overexpression (RBM-OE) were compared with the control. The results showed that RBM4-OE inhibited proliferation. RBM4-OE extensively affects the transcriptional level of genes involved in cell surface receptor signalling pathway, inflammatory responses and the response to lipopolysaccharide. RBM4 broadly regulated the alternative splicing of hundreds of genes with functions of protein binding, helicase activity, DNA binding and transcription co-activator. RBM4-regulated splicing of these genes plays an important role in apoptotic process and gene transcription regulation. As an example, exon inclusion of TNIP1 mediated by RBM4 affects the expression of its targets in inflammatory pathways. These results indicated that RBM4 can mediate the inflammatory response via splicing regulation, which adds to the understanding of the critical role of RBM4 in cancer complicated by inflammation. In conclusion, this study indicated a mechanism in which the dysregulation of alternative splicing can influence cellular biology and lead to various immune-related diseases.
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Processamento Alternativo/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Inflamação/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a RNA/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Apoptose/genética , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Éxons/genética , Células HeLa , Humanos , Splicing de RNA/genética , RNA Mensageiro/genética , Transdução de Sinais/genética , Transcrição Gênica/genética , Ativação Transcricional/genética , Transcriptoma/genéticaRESUMO
The CreERT2 recombinase system is an advanced method to temporally control site-specific mutagenesis in adult rodents. In this process, tamoxifen is injected to induce Cre recombinase expression, and then, Cre recombinase can excise LoxP-flanked DNA. However, tamoxifen is a nonselective estrogen receptor antagonist that may influence behavioral alterations. Therefore, we designed five different protocols (acute effects, chronic effects, chronic effects after social defeat model, chronic effects after learned helplessness model, chronic effects after isolation models) to explore whether tamoxifen affects mouse behavior. Researching the acute/chronic effects of tamoxifen, we found that tamoxifen could influence locomotor activity, anxiety and immobility time in the forced swimming test. Researching the chronic effects of tamoxifen after social defeat/learned helplessness/isolation models, we found that tamoxifen could also influence locomotor activity, social interaction and anxiety. Therefore, the effects of tamoxifen are more complex than previously reported. Our results show, for the first time, that tamoxifen affects behavior in mouse models. Meanwhile, we compare the effects of tamoxifen in different protocols. These results will provide important information when designing similar experiments.
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Ansiedade/etiologia , Tamoxifeno/farmacologia , Animais , Marcação de Genes/métodos , Marcação de Genes/normas , Desamparo Aprendido , Locomoção/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/efeitos dos fármacos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Receptores de Estrogênio/antagonistas & inibidores , Comportamento Social , Tamoxifeno/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Growing evidence shows that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been wildly verified to modulate multiple tumorigenesis, especially lung adenocarcinoma. In present study, we aim to investigate the role of lncRNA LINC00319 in the lung adenocarcinoma carcinogenesis. We observed that increased expression of LINC00319 in lung adenocarcinoma tissues and cells in comparison to their corresponding controls. Moreover, the aberrant overexpression of LINC00319 indicated the poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Silence of LINC00319 was able to repress lung adenocarcinoma cell growth in vitro. Rescue assay was performed to further confirm that LINC00319 contributed to lung adenocarcinoma progression by regulating miR-450b-5p/EZH2 signal pathway. Taken together, our study discovered the oncogenic role of LINC00319 in clinical specimens and cellular experiments, showing the potential LINC00319/miR-450b-5p/EZH2 pathway. This results and findings provide a novel insight for lung adenocarcinoma tumorigenesis.
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Adenocarcinoma/genética , Carcinogênese/genética , Proliferação de Células/genética , Proteína Potenciadora do Homólogo 2 de Zeste/genética , Neoplasias Pulmonares/genética , MicroRNAs/genética , RNA Longo não Codificante/fisiologia , Células A549 , Adenocarcinoma/mortalidade , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Adenocarcinoma de Pulmão , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , DNA Intergênico/genética , Progressão da Doença , Regulação Neoplásica da Expressão Gênica , Humanos , Neoplasias Pulmonares/mortalidade , Neoplasias Pulmonares/patologia , RNA Longo não Codificante/genética , Transdução de Sinais/genéticaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to assess the influence of tracheostomy timing on outcomes among trauma patients, including mortality, medical resource utility and incidence of pneumonia. METHOD: A systematic review of the literature was conducted by internet search. Data were extracted from selected studies and analyzed using Stata to compare outcomes in trauma patients with early tracheostomy (ET) or late tracheostomy (LT)/prolonged intubation (PI). RESULT: 20 studies met our inclusion criteria with 3305 patients in ET group and 4446 patients in LT/PI group. Pooled data revealed that mortality was not lower in trauma patients with ET compared to those with LT/IP. However, ET was found to be associated with a significantly reduced length of ICU and hospital stay, shorter MV duration and lower risk of pneumonia. CONCLUSION: Evidence of this meta-analysis supports the dimorphism in some clinical outcomes of trauma patients with different tracheostomy timing. Additional well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are needed to confirm it in future.
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Estado Terminal/terapia , Pneumonia/mortalidade , Tempo para o Tratamento/estatística & dados numéricos , Traqueostomia , Estado Terminal/mortalidade , Humanos , Incidência , Traqueostomia/efeitos adversos , Traqueostomia/métodos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: This study aims to assess the influence of sex on outcomes among trauma patients, including injury severity, medical resource utility, complications, and mortality. METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was conducted by internet search. Data were extracted from selected studies and analyzed using Stata to compare outcomes between male and female injured patients. RESULTS: Eventually, 19 studies met our inclusion criteria with 100,566 men and 39,762 women. Pooled data revealed that male sex was associated with increased risk of mortality, hospital length of stay, and higher incidence of complications. No difference was detected in injury severity between male and female patients. CONCLUSION: Evidence of this meta-analysis strongly supports the sex dimorphism in the prognosis of trauma patients and further work should be done to decipher potential mechanism.
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Tempo de Internação , Insuficiência de Múltiplos Órgãos/epidemiologia , Sepse/epidemiologia , Ferimentos e Lesões/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Escala de Gravidade do Ferimento , Masculino , Prognóstico , Fatores Sexuais , Ferimentos e Lesões/complicaçõesRESUMO
As commonly used eluents, Na2EDTA (EDTA) and citric acid (CA) have been widely applied in remediation of soil contaminated by heavy metals. In order to evaluate the removal of arsenic, cadmium, copper, and lead in the contaminated soil collected in a chemical plant by compounding EDTA and CA, a series of stirring experiments were conducted. Furthermore, the changes in speciation distribution of heavy metals before and after washing were studied. The results showed that, adopting the optimal molar ratio of EDTA/CA (1:1), when the pH of the solution was 3, the stirring time was 30 min, the stirring rate was 150 r x min(-1) and the L/S was 5:1, the removal rates of arsenic, cadmium, copper and lead could reach 11.72%, 43.39%, 24.36% and 27.17%, respectively. And it was found that after washing, for arsenic and copper, the content of acid dissolved fraction rose which increased the percentage of available contents. Fe-Mn oxide fraction mainly contributed to the removal of copper. As for cadmium, the percentages of acid dissolved fraction, Fe-Mn oxide fraction and organic fraction also decreased. In practical projects, speciation changes would pose certain environmental risk after soil washing, which should be taken into consideration.
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Ácido Cítrico/química , Ácido Edético/química , Recuperação e Remediação Ambiental/métodos , Metais Pesados/análise , Poluentes do Solo/análise , Arsênio/análise , Cádmio/análise , Quelantes , Cobre/análise , Solo/químicaRESUMO
This study aimed to establish a novel non-viral liposome vector delivering brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) through the blood brain barrier. For this purpose, different water-oil ratios were tested to create liposomes for packaging the prophase synthesized plasmids encoding the BDNF proteins. In order to increase the targeted and peripheral circulation time, we connected the liposomes with transferrin (Tf) and a polyethylene glycol (PEG) long chain. The non-isotope method was used to measure the liposome envelopment ratio and ligand-binding ratio, and also to detect molecular biological features, such as particle size and stability. Tf-conjugated liposomes could be synthesized satisfactorily under the following conditions: the ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol was 1:1; the ratio of enter to plasmid was 100:1; oil phase was dichloromethane; the oil to water ratio was 4:1; the rotary evaporation temperature was 30 °C; the ultrasonic temperature was 10 °C; the ultrasonic time was 10 min; and 10% trehalose was in the presence. Generated liposomes had a uniform circular shape and particle size distribution. In this experiment, we successfully established a new type of Tf-conjugated liposomes carrying the gene of BDNF and the study provides an experimental basis for the future.
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Barreira Hematoencefálica/metabolismo , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/química , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/metabolismo , Lipossomos/síntese química , Plasmídeos/administração & dosagem , Transfecção/métodos , Transferrina/farmacocinética , Animais , Fator Neurotrófico Derivado do Encéfalo/genética , Composição de Medicamentos/métodos , Desenho de Fármacos , Humanos , Teste de Materiais , Plasmídeos/genéticaRESUMO
Steam and air co-injection is a newly developed and promising soil remediation technique for non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in vadose zone. In this study, in order to investigate the mechanism of the remediation process, trichloroethylene (TCE) removal using steam and air co-injection was carried out in a 2-dimensional sandbox with different layered sand structures. The results showed that co-injection perfectly improved the "tailing" effect compared to soil vapor extraction (SVE), and the remediation process of steam and air co-injection could be divided into SVE stage, steam strengthening stage and heat penetration stage. Removal ratio of the experiment with scattered contaminant area was higher and removal speed was faster. The removal ratios from the two experiments were 93.5% and 88.2%, and the removal periods were 83.9 min and 90.6 min, respectively. Steam strengthened the heat penetration stage. The temperature transition region was wider in the scattered NAPLs distribution experiment, which reduced the accumulation of TCE. Slight downward movement of TCE was observed in the experiment with TCE initially distributed in a fine sand zone. And such downward movement of TCE reduced the TCE removal ratio.
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Recuperação e Remediação Ambiental/métodos , Poluentes do Solo/química , Tricloroetileno/química , Dióxido de Silício , Solo/química , VaporRESUMO
Surface acoustic wave (SAW) sensors based on Co3O4/SiO2 composite sensing films for ammonia detection were investigated at room temperature. The Co3O4/SiO2 composite films were deposited onto ST-cut quartz SAW resonators by a sol-gel method. SEM and AFM characterizations showed that the films had porous structures. The existence of SiO2 was found to enhance the ammonia sensing property of the sensor significantly. The sensor based on a Co3O4/SiO2 composite film, with 50% Co3O4 loading, which had the highest RMS value (3.72), showed the best sensing property. It exhibited a positive frequency shift of 3500 Hz to 1 ppm ammonia as well as excellent selectivity, stability and reproducibility at room temperature. Moreover, a 37% decrease in the conductance of the composite film as well as a positive frequency shift of 12,500 Hz were observed when the sensor was exposed to 20 ppm ammonia, indicating the positive frequency shift was derived from the decrease in film conductance.
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Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Amônia/análise , Cobalto/química , Monitoramento Ambiental/instrumentação , Óxidos/química , Dióxido de Silício/químicaRESUMO
Digested proteins are mainly absorbed as small peptides composed of two or three amino acids. The intestinal absorption of small peptides is mediated via only one transport system: the proton-coupled peptide transporter-1 (PepT1) encoded from the soluble carrier protein Slc15a1. In mammals, intestinal expression of PepT1/Slc15a1 oscillates during the daily feeding cycle. Although the oscillation in the intestinal expression of PepT1/Slc15a1 is suggested to be controlled by molecular components of circadian clock, we demonstrated here that bile acids regulated the oscillation of PepT1/Slc15a1 expression through modulating the activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). Nocturnally active mice mainly consumed their food during the dark phase. PPARα activated the intestinal expression of Slc15a1 mRNA during the light period, and protein levels of PepT1 peaked before the start of the dark phase. After food intake, bile acids accumulated in intestinal epithelial cells. Intestinal accumulated bile acids interfered with recruitment of co-transcriptional activator CREB-binding protein/p300 on the promoter region of Slc15a1 gene, thereby suppressing PPARα-mediated transactivation of Slc15a1. The time-dependent suppression of PPARα-mediated transactivation by bile acids caused an oscillation in the intestinal expression of PepT1/Slc15a1 during the daily feeding cycle that led to circadian changes in the intestinal absorption of small peptides. These findings suggest a molecular clock-independent mechanism by which bile acid-regulated PPARα activity governs the circadian expression of intestinal peptide transporter.