Fault Recognition Method Based on Attention Mechanism and the 3D-UNet.

Oil and gas reservoirs are of great significance for economic benefits. Faults act as important conduits for transporting hydrocarbons and as essential sealing conditions. The location and morphology of faults reflect changes in the shape of the strata, so fault interpretation of seismic data has been an essential task in oil and gas exploration and development. The traditional fault identification method is time-consuming and inaccurate with large uncertainties. This paper proposed a fault recognition method based on 3D-UNet that added attention mechanisms to a convolutional neural network (CNN). This approach takes advantage of the UNet end-to-end architecture and the attention mechanism to focus on essential areas and suppress irrelevant information, allowing the model to focus on more valuable features. A fault identification network for seismic data was proposed by combining the 3D-UNet architecture with the Squeeze-and-Excitation (SE) attention mechanism. The 3D-UNet architecture comprises two parts: encoding and decoding, and the network architecture realizes end-to-end training. At the same time, SE was used to focus on the advantages of feature channels, further improving the accuracy of the network. The model performance was evaluated using the synthetic dataset provided by Wu. Experimental results show that the proposed model has better prediction performance in terms of accuracy, better recognition continuity, and richer fault detail.

[Morinda officinalis extract repairs cytoxan-impaired spermatogenesis of male rats].

OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of Morinda officinalis (MO) extract on cytoxan (CTX) -impaired spermatogenesis of adult male SD rats. METHODS: We randomly divided 56 adult male SD rats into seven groups of equal number: blank control, CTX model, CTX + NS, CTX + 10 g/kg MO, CTX + 20 g/kg MO, CTX + 30 g/kg MO, and CTX + 40 g/kg MO. We made the models of impaired spermatogenesis in the SD rats by intraperitoneal injection of CTX and treated the animal models by intragastric administration of MO at the concentrations of 10, 20, 30, and 40 g per kg per d, respectively. After two weeks of medication, we observed the changes in the body weight, testicular and epididymal indexes, and microstructure of the testis tissue, measured the mean seminiferous tubule diameter (MSTD) , and obtained testicular biopsy scores (TBS) in different groups, followed by comparative analyses. RESULTS: After treatment, the CTX + NS group showed no remarkable differences in the body weight ([234.83 ± 28.77] g) and epididymal index (2.71 ± 0.34) from those of the four CTX + MO groups, but exhibited a significantly lower testicular index ([12.15 ± 1.04] g) than those in the CTX + 20 g/kg MO ([13.71 ± 0.97] g), CTX + 30 g/kg MO, ([13.30 ± 0.29] g), and CTX + 40 g/kg MO group ([13.48 ± 0.51] g) (P < 0.05). Light microscopy revealed obvious pathological changes of the testis tissue in the CTX + NS group and significantly ameliorated structures of the seminiferous tubules in the CTX + MO 10, 20, 30, and 40 g/kg groups, with the MSTD of (204.78 ± 11.03), (216.55 ± 10.93), (218.03 ± 11.23), and (218.59 ± 14.06) µm, respectively, and the TBS of 9.03 ± 0.39, 9.69 ± 0.26, 9.83 ± 0.18, and 9.89 ± 0.11, respectively, all significantly higher than (189.74 ± 8.55) µm and 5.95 ± 1.21 in the CTX + NS group (P < 0.05). The efficacy of MO extract was increased in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Morinda officinalis extract can repair cytoxan-induced damage to rat spermatogenesis, with may achieve the best effect at the concentrations of 30 and 40 g per kg per d.