The Mass-Balancing between Positive and Negative Electrodes for Optimizing Energy Density of Supercapacitors.

Supercapacitors (SCs) are some of the most promising energy storage devices, but their low energy density is one main weakness. Over the decades, superior electrode materials and suitable electrolytes have been widely developed to enhance the energy storage ability of SCs. Particularly, constructing asymmetric supercapacitors (ASCs) can extend their electrochemical stable voltage windows (ESVWs) and thus achieve high energy density. However, only full utilization of the electrochemical stable potential windows (ESPWs) of both positive and negative electrodes can endow the ASC devices with a maximum ESVW by using a suitable mass-ratio between two electrodes (the mass-balancing). Nevertheless, insufficient attention is directed to mass-balancing, and even numerous misunderstandings and misuses have appeared. Therefore, in this Perspective, we focus on the mass-balancing: summarize theoretic basis of the mass-balancing, derive relevant relation equations, analyze and discuss the change trends of the specific capacitance and energy density of ASCs with mass-ratios, and finally recommend some guidelines for the normative implementation of the mass-balancing. Especially, the issues related to pseudocapacitive materials, hybrid devices, and different open circuit potentials (OCPs) of the positive and negative electrodes in the mass-balancing are included and emphasized. These analyses and guidelines can be conducive to understanding and performing mass-balancing for developing high-performance SCs.

Ultrasound deep learning radiomics and clinical machine learning models to predict low nuclear grade, ER, PR, and HER2 receptor status in pure ductal carcinoma in situ.

Background: Low nuclear grade ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) patients can adopt proactive management strategies to avoid unnecessary surgical resection. Different personalized treatment modalities may be selected based on the expression status of molecular markers, which is also predictive of different outcomes and risks of recurrence. DCIS ultrasound findings are mostly non mass lesions, making it difficult to determine boundaries. Currently, studies have shown that models based on deep learning radiomics (DLR) have advantages in automatic recognition of tumor contours. Machine learning models based on clinical imaging features can explain the importance of imaging features. Methods: The available ultrasound data of 349 patients with pure DCIS confirmed by surgical pathology [54 low nuclear grade, 175 positive estrogen receptor (ER+), 163 positive progesterone receptor (PR+), and 81 positive human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2+)] were collected. Radiologists extracted ultrasonographic features of DCIS lesions based on the 5th Edition of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS). Patient age and BI-RADS characteristics were used to construct clinical machine learning (CML) models. The RadImageNet pretrained network was used for extracting radiomics features and as an input for DLR modeling. For training and validation datasets, 80% and 20% of the data, respectively, were used. Logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) algorithms were performed and compared for the final classification modeling. Each task used the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to evaluate the effectiveness of DLR and CML models. Results: In the training dataset, low nuclear grade, ER+, PR+, and HER2+ DCIS lesions accounted for 19.20%, 65.12%, 61.21%, and 30.19%, respectively; the validation set, they consisted of 19.30%, 62.50%, 57.14%, and 30.91%, respectively. In the DLR models we developed, the best AUC values for identifying features were 0.633 for identifying low nuclear grade, completed by the XGBoost Classifier of ResNet50; 0.618 for identifying ER, completed by the RF Classifier of InceptionV3; 0.755 for identifying PR, completed by the XGBoost Classifier of InceptionV3; and 0.713 for identifying HER2, completed by the LR Classifier of ResNet50. The CML models had better performance than DLR in predicting low nuclear grade, ER+, PR+, and HER2+ DCIS lesions. The best AUC values by classification were as follows: for low nuclear grade by RF classification, AUC: 0.719; for ER+ by XGBoost classification, AUC: 0.761; for PR+ by XGBoost classification, AUC: 0.780; and for HER2+ by RF classification, AUC: 0.723. Conclusions: Based on small-scale datasets, our study showed that the DLR models developed using RadImageNet pretrained network and CML models may help predict low nuclear grade, ER+, PR+, and HER2+ DCIS lesions so that patients benefit from hierarchical and personalized treatment.

Mechanisms of Bushenyiqi decoction in the treatment of asthma: an investigation based on network pharmacology with experimental validation.

Background and purpose: The Bushenyiqi decoction (BYD), a contemporary prescription of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has been observed to significantly ameliorate asthma symptoms in patients based on clinical observations. Although multi-component and multi-target characteristics are important attributes of BYD treatment, its pharmacological effect on asthma and the underlying mechanism of action remain unclear. Method: Network pharmacology: the asthma-related genes were retrieved from the GeneCards and OMIM database. The active constituents of BYD and their corresponding target genes were collected from the TCMSP database. The underlying pathways associated with overlapping targets between BYD and asthma were identified through GO (Gene Ontology) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis. Experimental validation: pulmonary function tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Hematoxylin and eosin (HE), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and Masson's trichrome stainings were conducted to validate the efficacy of BYD in ameliorating airway inflammation in allergic asthma mice. Western blot (WB) and molecular docking were performed to confirm the involvement of the underlying pathway in BYD treatment of asthma. Results: The results of animal experiments demonstrated that BYD may improve airway responsiveness and suppress airway inflammation in allergic asthma mice. The network pharmacological analysis revealed the involvement of 11 potentially key active components, 9 potential key targets, and the phosphatidylinositol3 kinase-RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway in the mechanism of action of BYD for asthma treatment. Our findings have confirmed that BYD effectively alleviated airway inflammation by targeting interleukin 6 (IL-6), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A), with quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin performing as the pivotal active constituents. BYD may potentially reduce inflammatory cell infiltration in lung tissues by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Conclusion: In conclusion, the integration of network pharmacology and biological experiments has demonstrated that key constituents of BYD, such as quercetin, kaempferol, and luteolin, exhibit targeted effects on IL-6, EGFR, and HIF1A in combating asthma-related inflammation through inhibition of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. The findings of this investigation provide evidence supporting the effectiveness of TCM's "bushenyiqi" therapy in asthma management, as corroborated by contemporary medical technology.

Discovery of the potential biomarkers for early diagnosis of endometrial cancer via integrating metabolomics and transcriptomics.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in women, and the increasing incidence and mortality pose a serious threat to the public health. Early diagnosis of EC could prolong the survival period and optimize the survivorship, greatly alleviating patients' suffering and social medical pressure. In this study, we collected urine and serum samples from the recruited patients, analyzed the samples using LC-MS approach, and identified the differential metabolites through metabolomic analysis. Then, the differentially expressed genes were identified through the systematic transcriptomic analysis of EC-related dataset from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), followed by network profiling of metabolic-reaction-enzyme-gene. In this experiment, a total of 83 differential metabolites and 19 hub genes were discovered, of which 10 different metabolites and 3 hub genes were further evaluated as more potential biomarkers based on network analysis. According to the KEGG enrichment analysis, the potential biomarkers and gene-encoded proteins were found to be involved in the arginine and proline metabolism, histidine metabolism, and pyrimidine metabolism, which was of significance for the early diagnosis of EC. In particular, the combination of metabolites (histamine, 1-methylhistamine, and methylimidazole acetaldehyde) as well as the combination of RRM2, TYMS and TK1 exerted more accurate discrimination abilities between EC and healthy groups, providing more criteria for the early diagnosis of EC.

Sustained silencing peanut allergy by xanthopurpurin is associated with suppression of peripheral and bone marrow IgE-producing B cell.

Introduction: Peanut allergy is an immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated food allergy. Rubia cordifolia L. (R. cordifolia), a Chinese herbal medicine, protects against peanut-induced anaphylaxis by suppressing IgE production in vivo. This study aims to identify IgE-inhibitory compounds from the water extract of R. cordifolia and investigate the underlying mechanisms using in vitro and in vivo models. Methods: Compounds were isolated from R. cordifolia water extract and their bioactivity on IgE production was assessed using a human myeloma U266 cell line. The purified active compound, xanthopurpurin (XPP), was identified by LC-MS and NMR. Peanut-allergic C3H/HeJ mice were orally administered with or without XPP at 200µg or 400µg per mouse per day for 4 weeks. Serum peanut-specific IgE levels, symptom scores, body temperatures, and plasma histamine levels were measured at challenge. Cytokines in splenocyte cultures were determined by ELISA, and IgE + B cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Acute and sub-chronic toxicity were evaluated. IL-4 promoter DNA methylation, RNA-Seq, and qPCR analysis were performed to determine the regulatory mechanisms of XPP. Results: XPP significantly and dose-dependently suppressed the IgE production in U266 cells. XPP significantly reduced peanut-specific IgE (>80%, p <0.01), and plasma histamine levels and protected the mice against peanut-allergic reactions in both early and late treatment experiments (p < 0.05, n=9). XPP showed a strong protective effect even 5 weeks after discontinuing the treatment. XPP significantly reduced the IL-4 level without affecting IgG or IgA and IFN-γ production. Flow cytometry data showed that XPP reduced peripheral and bone marrow IgE + B cells compared to the untreated group. XPP increased IL-4 promoter methylation. RNA-Seq and RT-PCR experiments revealed that XPP regulated the gene expression of CCND1, DUSP4, SDC1, ETS1, PTPRC, and IL6R, which are related to plasma cell IgE production. All safety testing results were in the normal range. Conclusions: XPP successfully protected peanut-allergic mice against peanut anaphylaxis by suppressing IgE production. XPP suppresses murine IgE-producing B cell numbers and inhibits IgE production and associated genes in human plasma cells. XPP may be a potential therapy for IgE-mediated food allergy.

ORC6 acts as an effective prognostic predictor for non­small cell lung cancer and is closely associated with tumor progression.

Origin recognition complexes (ORCs) are vital in the control of DNA replication and the progression of the cell cycle, however the precise function and mechanism of ORC6 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is still not well understood. The present study used bioinformatics methods to assess the predictive significance of ORC6 expression in NSCLC. Moreover, the expression of ORC6 was further evaluated using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting, and its functional significance in lung cancer was assessed via knockdown experiments using small interfering RNA. A significant association was demonstrated between the expression of ORC6 and the clinical features of NSCLC. In particular, elevated levels of ORC6 were significantly strongly correlated with an unfavorable prognosis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that increased ORC6 expression independently contributed to the risk of overall survival (HR 1.304; P=0.015) in individuals diagnosed with NSCLC. Analysis of Kaplan-Meier plots demonstrated that ORC6 expression served as a valuable indicator for diagnosing and predicting the prognosis of NSCLC. Moreover, in vitro studies demonstrated that modified ORC6 expression had a significant impact on the proliferation, migration and metastasis of NSCLC cells. NSCLC cell lines (H1299 and mH1650) exhibited markedly higher ORC6 expression than normal lung cell lines. The results of the present study indicated a strong association between the expression of ORC6 and the clinicopathological characteristics of NSCLC, which suggested its potential as a reliable biomarker for predicting NSCLC. Furthermore, ORC6 may have important therapeutic implications in the management of NSCLC.

Food Safety Practices of Food Handlers in China and their Correlation with Self-reported Foodborne Illness.

Food service facilities are important sites where foodborne diseases have been reported to occur frequently. This study aims to determine the correlation between self-reported foodborne diseases and food-safety practices followed by food handlers of various food service facilities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted from March 1, 2022 to December 30, 2022 in Wuhu City, Anhui Province, China. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews and having the selected food handlers fill in a self-compiled questionnaire. Of the 1072 food handlers included in the study, 88 (8.2%) reported having experienced symptoms of foodborne diseases in the past 4 weeks. The following food-safety practices correlated with self-reported foodborne diseases: (1) infrequently using 3-compartment sinks to separately clean different types of raw food materials (P < 0.05, OR = 2.312); (2) infrequently removing non-edible parts of aquatic products outside a specific room for food processing (P < 0.001, OR = 3.916); (3) infrequently immediately refrigerating cold dishes prepared in advance to be consumed later (P < 0.001, OR = 4.048); (4) often store perishable foods at 8-60°C in the indoor environment after cooking and before eating (P < 0.05, OR = 2.068); (5) infrequently reheating cooked perishable food stored at 8-60°C for more than 2 h before eating (P < 0.05, OR = 1.934); and (6) often storing raw and cooked food in the same container (P < 0.001, OR = 3.818). Hence, a better supervision of food-safety practices of catering workers may reduce the frequency of foodborne-disease outbreaks in food service facilities.

Repair effect of Centella asiatica (L.) extract on damaged HaCaT cells studied by atomic force microscopy.

People's choice of cosmetics is no longer just 'Follow the trend', but pays more attention to the ingredients of cosmetics, whether the ingredients of cosmetics are beneficial to people's skin health; therefore, more and more skin-healthy ingredients have been discovered and used in cosmetics. In this work, atomic force microscope (AFM) is used to provide physical information about biomolecules and living cells; it brings us a new method of high-precision physical measurement. Centella asiatica (L.) extract has the ability to promote skin wound healing, but its healing effect on damaged HaCaT cells needs to be investigated, which plays a key role in judging the effectiveness of skincare ingredients. The objective of this study was to explore the impact of Centella asiatica (L.) extract on ethanol-damaged human immortalised epidermal HaCaT cells based on AFM. We established a model of cellular damage and evaluated cell viability using the MTT assay. The physical changes of cell height, roughness, adhesion and Young's modulus were measured by AFM. The findings indicated that the Centella asiatica (L.) extract had a good repair effect on injured HaCaT cells, and the optimal concentration was 75 µg/mL.

Cancer Development in Hepatocytes by Long-Term Induction of Hypoxic Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell (HCC)-Derived Exosomes In Vivo and In Vitro.

Hypoxic tumor cell-derived exosomes play a key role in the occurrence, development, and metastasis of tumors. However, the mechanism of hypoxia-mediated metastasis remains unclear. In this study, hypoxic hepatocellular carcinoma cell (HCC-LM3)-derived exosomes (H-LM3-exos) were used to induce hepatocytes (HL-7702) over a long term (40 passages in 120 days). A nude mouse experiment further verified the effect of H-LM3-exos on tumor growth and metastasis. The process of cancer development in hepatocytes induced by H-LM3-exos was analyzed using both biological and physical techniques, and the results showed that the proliferation and soft agar growth abilities of the transformed cells were enhanced. The concentration of tumor markers secreted by transformed cells was increased, the cytoskeleton was disordered, and the migration ability was enhanced and was accompanied by epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Transcriptome results showed that differentially expressed genes between transformed cells and hepatocytes were enriched in cancer-related signaling pathways. The degree of cancer development in transformed cells was enhanced by an increase in H-LM3-exos-induced passages. Nude mice treated with different concentrations of H-LM3-exos showed different degrees of tumor growth and liver lesions. The physical properties of the cells were characterized by atomic force microscopy. Compared with the hepatocytes, the height and roughness of the transformed cells were increased, while the adhesion and elastic modulus were decreased. The changes in physical properties of primary tumor cells and hepatocytes in nude mice were consistent with this trend. Our study linking omics with the physical properties of cells provides a new direction for studying the mechanisms of cancer development and metastasis.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase gene family in rice (Oryza sativa L.) under cadmium stress.

3-Ketoacyl-CoA synthase (KCS) is the key rate-limiting enzyme for the synthesis of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFAs) in plants, which determines the carbon chain length of VLCFAs. However, a comprehensive study of KCSs in Oryza sativa has not been reported yet. In this study, we identified 22 OsKCS genes in rice, which are unevenly distributed on nine chromosomes. The OsKCS gene family is divided into six subclasses. Many cis-acting elements related to plant growth, light, hormone, and stress response were enriched in the promoters of OsKCS genes. Gene duplication played a crucial role in the expansion of the OsKCS gene family and underwent a strong purifying selection. Quantitative Real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results revealed that most KCS genes are constitutively expressed. We also revealed that KCS genes responded differently to exogenous cadmium stress in japonica and indica background, and the KCS genes with higher expression in leaves and seeds may have functions under cadmium stress. This study provides a basis for further understanding the functions of KCS genes and the biosynthesis of VLCFA in rice.

Obesity alters inflammatory response in the pathology of asthma (Review).

Obesity is one of the comorbidities in patients with asthma and obese patients with asthma present with a distinct phenotype with more severe disease outcomes and reduced responsiveness to standard therapies. Although the full mechanisms of obesity­related asthma are still not completely understood, abnormal immune responses have been demonstrated to have a critical role in asthma pathogenesis. The present review summarizes the data from clinical, epidemiological and animal studies to provide an updated understanding of the immune responses in obesity­related asthma, as well as the effect of various factors, such as oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, genetics and epigenetics, on asthmatic inflammation. Further studies on the in­depth mechanisms are still required to develop novel preventive and therapeutic strategies for patients with asthma combined with obesity.

Application effect of prehospital-hospital integrated emergency nursing in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

This investigation aimed to elucidate the application impact of prehospital-hospital integrated emergency nursing in individuals with acute cerebral infarction (ACI). Data of 230 ACI patients admitted to our hospital from May 2021 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into A and B groups (AG and BG) according to different nursing methods. The inter-group comparison of the treatment time (time for physician arrival, time for completion of examination, time between admission and thrombolytic therapy, length of stay in emergency) was compared. The success rate of thrombolysis, the inter-group comparison levels of coagulation function indexes [D-dimer (D-D) and fibrinogen (Fbg)], the national Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, the Barthel score, family members' self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) score, family members' self-rating depression scale (SDS) score, family satisfaction and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. The treatment time were reduced in the BG than in the AG (all P < 0.05). The BG had a higher success rate of thrombolysis than the AG (P < 0.05). After the therapy, the D-D level in BG group was higher than that in AG group, and Fbg was lower than that in AG group (both P < 0.05). After nursing, BG's NIHSS score was increased compared with the AG; MBI was reduced (P < 0.05); the SAS and SDS scores of the family members were also reduced (both P < 0.05). The total family satisfaction of the BG (100.00%) was greater than the AG (89.00%) (P < 0.05). The application of prehospital-hospital integrated emergency nursing in ACI patients works effectively.

Study on Calceolarioside A Anti-Aß25-35 -Induced Damage in SH-SY5Y†cells by Atomic Force Microscopy.

Calceolarioside A is a phenylethyl glycoside compound, originally isolated from the bark of Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr. In this work, the protective effect of Calceolarioside A on beta Amyloid protein induced toxicity in SH-SY5Y cells was studied. DPPH experiment, MTT assay, SEM, Atomic force microscopy and Colony formation were used to study the activity of Calceolarioside A. The results in this article show that the survival rate of the cells with Calceolarioside A (20-40 mg/mL) was significantly higher than that of the model cells without Calceolarioside A. Calceolarioside A could protect SH-SY5Y cells by improving some parameters in cells, such as the cell height, Young's modulus, adhesion and branch. In summary, Calceolarioside A can reduce Aß25-35 -induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells. It can be a potential medicine to treatment with AD.

Breaking Spatiotemporal Barriers of Immunogenic Chemotherapy via an Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane-Assisted Liposomal Drug Delivery.

Immunogenic chemotherapy is a promising approach in cancer treatment, but the number of drugs capable of inducing immunogenic cell death is limited, and chronic immunogenic exposure can delay antitumor immune response and be counteracted by immunosuppressive factors. In this study, we used single-cell and multilevel analyses to highlight the critical importance of the first exposure to calreticulin (CRT) in eliciting immunogenicity. We then developed the ERASION (endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane to assist (AS) the presentation of intrinsic onco-immunogenicity (ION)) strategy, leveraging the high expression of functional proteins, including CRT, on the ER membrane. ER membrane-coated liposome (ER@PLip) was able to target the tumor and immune effectors and promoted dendritic cell maturation and T cell infiltration. This enabled eliciting an immunogenic effect from a nonimmunogenic chemotherapeutic drug. By utilizing the ER membrane-associated STING protein, ERASION enabled activating the STING pathway and the generation of adaptive antitumor immunity. This study presents a potential universal platform for integrating traditional chemotherapy and therapeutic modalities.

The role of Sirtuin 1 and its activators in age-related lung disease.

Aging is a major driving factor in lung diseases. Age-related lung disease is associated with downregulated expression of SIRT1, an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that regulates inflammation and stress resistance. SIRT1 acts by inducing the deacetylation of various substrates and regulates several mechanisms that relate to lung aging, such as genomic instability, lung stem cell exhaustion, mitochondrial dysfunction, telomere shortening, and immune senescence. Chinese herbal medicines have many biological activities, exerting anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, and immune regulatory effects. Recent studies have confirmed that many Chinese herbs have the effect of activating SIRT1. Therefore, we reviewed the mechanism of SIRT1 in age-related lung disease and explored the potential roles of Chinese herbs as SIRT1 activators in the treatment of age-related lung disease.

Multimodal ultrasonography findings of extramammary granular cell tumors: Two case reports.

Extramammary masses are infrequently encountered in breast examinations. They may occur in the chest wall and axilla as neighbors of the breast. It is important to determine the nature of the lesion. However, some benign tumors, such as granular cell tumors (GCTs), also show malignant characteristics, which leads to misdiagnosis. To the best of our knowledge, multimodal ultrasound features of GCT have not been elucidated. We report two cases of women with GCTs encountered upon breast cancer screening; the tumor was not located in breast tissue. The first patient was a 37-year-old woman who presented with a slow-growing mass in the right breast and the GCT was located in the pectoralis major muscle. The second patient was a 52-year-old woman who presented with a palpable left axillary mass and the GCT was located in the axilla. Mammography failed to detect the masses in the two patients upon breast cancer screening. However, two-dimensional ultrasonography revealed a solid heterogeneous hypoechoic mass. Shear wave elastography showed that the masses had an increased hardness compared with the surrounding tissue. Further contrast-enhanced ultrasonography showed that the contrast patterns of the two masses were different. In case one, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography showed an inhomogeneous annular high enhancement, and the dynamic curve showed rapid enhancement and regression. In case two, contrast enhanced ultrasound showed slight enhancement around the lesion but no enhancement inside. Postoperative pathology confirmed that the GCT was benign in both cases. The patients showed no signs of recurrence at the 2-year follow-up. Here, we report two cases and present the multimodal ultrasonography findings of this tumor for the first time. Radiologists and surgeons should be aware of these imaging manifestations and include them in their differential diagnoses.

Effect of chained one-stop emergency nursing combined with optimized triage path nursing on the rescue effect of chest pain patients in emergency department.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of chained one-stop emergency nursing combined with optimized triage path nursing on emergency chest pain patients. Data of 142 patients with chest pain in emergency department of our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, and from March to May 2022,71 patients with optimized triage route nursing were treated as control group, from June to August 2022, 71 patients with chain one-stop emergency care combined with optimized triage route care were selected as the observation group. Data of completion time of the first electrocardiogram (ECG) completion, troponin result giving time, door to balloon (D to B) time, length of hospital stay and rescue time (disease condition initial assessment time, preliminary examination time, first medical contact time of balloon dilation, D to B dilation time) were collected. The complication rate, adverse event rate and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. The completion time of the first ECG, troponin result giving time, D to B time, initial condition assessment time, hospital stay and rescue time in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group, (all P<0.05). The incidence of complications and adverse events in the observation group were lower than control group (both P<0.05). The scores of nursing satisfaction in the observation group were evidently higher than those in the control group, (P<0.05). Chained one-stop emergency nursing combined with optimized triage path nursing has a good effect on emergency chest pain patients. .

Investigation of the Underlying Mechanism of Huangqi-Dangshen for Myasthenia Gravis Treatment via Molecular Docking and Network Pharmacology.

The herbal pairing of Huangqi and Dangshen (HD) is traditional Chinese herbal medicine and has been widely used in China, especially to treat myasthenia gravis (MG). However, the mechanism of HD on MG is unclear. Aim of the Study. This study aims to investigate HD's possible role in MG treatment. Materials and Methods. The TCMSP database was used to identify the active chemicals and their targets. The GeneCards, DisGeNET, and OMIM databases were used to search for MG-related targets. The STRING database was employed in order to identify the common PPI network targets. We next utilised Cytoscape 3.8.2 for target identification and the DAVID database for gene ontology (GO) function analysis as well as Encyclopaedia of Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis on the selected targets. The AutoDock Vina software was used to test the affinity of essential components with the hub gene before concluding that the primary targets were corrected through molecular docking. Results. 41 active compounds were screened from HD, and the number of putative-identified target genes screened from HD was 112. There were 21 target genes that overlapped with the targets of MG, which were postulated to be potential treatment targets. Through further analysis, the results showed that the active compounds from HD (such as 7-methoxy-2-methylisoflavone, quercetin, luteolin, Kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) may achieve the purpose of treating MG by acting on some core targets and related pathways (such as EGFR, FOS, ESR2, MYC, ESR1, CASP3, and IL-6). Molecular docking findings demonstrated that these active molecules have a near-perfect ability to attach to the primary targets. Conclusion. Through network pharmacology, the findings in this study provide light on the coordinated action of several HD formula components, targets, and pathways. It provided a theoretical basis for further study of HD pharmacological action.

Dynamic Observation of Atypical Sporotrichosis Before and After Itraconazole Treatment by Dermoscopy.

Sporotrichosis is a deep fungus infection caused by the Sporothrix. In China, the most common species is Sporothrix globosa which is difficult to treat with most antifungal drugs. Atypical clinical forms of sporotrichosis can be a hinder to clinicians for an early diagnosis and treatment. We report a case of fixed cutaneous sporotrichosis of the face caused by S. globosa in a healthy adult that was initially misdiagnosed as rosacea due to its unusual clinical features. We made an effort to dermoscopically track changes in skin lesions both before and after treatment, confirming that itraconazole was effective in the treatment of sporotrichosis.

In-depth characterization of 1,4-butanediol diglycidyl ether substituted hyaluronic acid hydrogels.

BDDE substituted HA hydrogels remain the most commonly used HA product in the biomedical field. The physical and biochemical properties of the hydrogels are dependent on the degree of modification and substitution patterns/positions, thus, characterizing their fine structure is of great importance for quality assurance. In this study, we developed novel LC-MS methods for accurate determination of MoD as well as in-depth characterization of the linkage network. Fragments resulted from enzymatic depolymerization were resolved by a porous graphitic carbon column followed by online tandem-MS for determining the modification site/residue. With high-resolution separation, two types of previously unknown structures were detected in the cross-linked fragments of 2-B-2 and 4-B-2. Based on the feature of resistance to NaBH4 reduction, these structures contain a GlcNAc residue modified at OH1. This special sugar unit likely derived from reducing end of the native polysaccharide could be a signature to discriminate subtle batch to batch variations.