Population status of Greenland halibut Reinhardtius hippoglossoides (Walbaum, 1793) of the Laptev Sea.

This is the first study to perform a comparative genetic analysis of Greenland halibut in the samples from the Atlantic (waters of west and east of Greenland), Arctic (Laptev Sea), and Pacific (the western part of the Bering Sea) ocean basins using seven microsatellite loci. The obtained data clearly demonstrate that the Greenland halibut population in the Laptev Sea belongs to the groups of the Atlantic Ocean basin. Apparently, the Greenland halibut of the Laptev Sea is represented by a dependent population, which is replenished due to the drift of immatures from the spawning grounds in the Barents Sea with the transformed Atlantic water flow along the continental slope. In addition, the Arctic population can be partially replenished due to the breeding of the halibut in local spawning grounds.

[Efficacy of application of radiofrequency scalpel and ozono-ultrasound method in dynamics of planimetric indices of the wound course process in the patients, suffering an acute purulent lactation mastitis].

The results of planimetric investigation, conducted in 82 patients, suffering an acute purulent lactation mastitis (APLM), were analyzed. Of them 42 patients (the main group) were operated on, using radiofrequency scalpel, for the postoperative wounds processing the low-frequency ultrasound and ozonated isotonic solution of sodium chloride were used. In 40 patients (group of comparison) the conventional methods of treatment of APLM were applied.

[Efficacy of surgical treatment of patients for an acute lactational mastitis using radiofrequency scalpel and ozono-ultrasonic method].

According to microbial investigation data, conducted preoperatively, intraoperatively, in 7 days postoperatively for an acute purulent lactational mastitis, there was noted significant reduction of the wound microbial soiling while application of radiofrequency scalpel and ozono-ultrasonic method in comparison with such while application of conventional methods of treatment.

[Modern prospects for polychemotherapy of solid neoplasms in children]. / Sovremennye vozmozhnosti polikhimioterapii solidnykh zlokachestvennykh opukholei u detei

To improve life quality and to increase survival in children with solid tumors, emphasis is placed on chemotherapeutical treatments along with other existing ones (surgery, radiation). By taking into account the fact that most malignant tumors in children are highly responsive to chemotherapy, programme treatment in children with neoplasms included the new drugs iphosphamide, vepeside, cisplatin, carboplatin, melfalan, bleomycin. The results of therapy with these drugs alone or in combination with well-known effective anthracycline antibiotics and plant preparations are presented. Whether more rigid modified schemes for administration and increment of dosage can be used is shown. This investigation opens new vistas for treating patients with not only localized, but disseminated forms of tumors, such as nephroblastomas, germinogenic tumors, soft tissue tumors, tumors of the bone, head, and neck. Regular assessment of the existing programmes in order to amend them, the use of new drugs, the increase of dosage and administration regimens enhance promises in treating malignant tumors in children.

[Clinical manifestations and diagnosis of childhood mediastinal tumors]. / Klinicheskie proiavleniia i diagnostika opukholei sredosteniia v detskom vozraste.

Mediastinal tumors make up as high as 7% of the malignant neoplasms in children and are encountered in all age groups, slightly more commonly in preschool children. Three main groups of common symptoms that are typical of mediastinal tumors are identified. These include 1) symptoms associated with tumor compression of thoracic organs; 2) neurological disorders associated with compression or destruction of ganglionary nodes; 3) general symptoms. Posterior mediastinal tumors are diagnosed by X-ray in 85% of cases. X-ray computed tomography makes it possible to judge of the initial site of a neoplasm, the presence of inclusions, the status of adjacent organs and tissues, the density of a pathological focus. Gallium-67 citrate radionuclide study allows one to make an early differential diagnosis between a solid formation and lymph proliferative disease. The lack of morphological verification of a diagnosis requires the use of transthoracic aspiration biopsy whose diagnostic value enhances when it is made under guidance of ultrasound or X-ray computed tomography.

[Tyrosine metabolism, antioxidative system and free radical lipid oxidative processes in children with pigmented nevus and melanoma]. / Metabolism tirozina, sostoianie antioksidantnoi sistemy i protsessov svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia lipidov u detei, stradaiushchikh pigmentnym nevusom i melanomoi.

The plasma levels of tyrosine and the lipid peroxidation intermediate malonic dialdehyde (MDA) were measured in children with pigmental nevus and melanoma. They were found to have antioxidative protective failure. The presence of pigmental nevus predetermines the high incidence of tyrosine metabolic abnormalities. In children with pigmental nevus and melanoma, there was an impairment in the correlation of the parameters of tyrosine metabolism, the rate of free radical lipid peroxidation processes, and the status of the antioxidative system. The findings suggest that children with pigmental nevus may be referred to as a high cancer risk group and monitoring of these parameters should be recommended at follow-up of pigmental nevi.

[Metastatic lung tumors in children (clinical course, diagnosis, prognosis)]. / Metastaticheskie opukholi lëgkikh u detei (klinika, diagnostika, prognoz).

According to data available at the Institute (1985-1999, approx. 1,200 patients), the lung is the most frequent site of cancer dissemination (up to 75%). Such most frequent pediatric children tumors as Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, rhabdosarcoma, osteogenic sarcoma and that of Ewing disseminate to lung in 85%, particularly, at advanced stages.

[Radioautographic study of nonhistone protein synthesis in the process of lens and retina regeneration in adult tritons]. / Radioavtograficheskoe issledovanie sinteza negistonovykh belkov v protsesse regeneratsii khrustalika i setchatki u vzroslykh tritonov.

The incorporation of 3H-tryptophane (3H-T) in the cell nuclei of pigment epithelium, retinal rudiment, iris and vitreous body has been studied during lens and retina regeneration in the adult smooth newts. A gradual increase (7 to 13-fold as compared with the control) of the intensity of labelling was found in the cell nuclei of pigment epithelium of the central part of fundus oculi. The cells of this zone are a source of regeneration. In the peripheral zones which do not participate in retina regeneration the intensity of 3H-T incorporation increased 2 to 4-fold only. The area of cell nuclei of pigment epithelium of the central part of fundus oculi increased, whereas that in the peripheral part suffered no changes. The cell nuclei of iris, retinal and lens rudiments incorporated 3H-T intensively. In the iris the most intensive labelling was shown in the inner layer of its dorsal zone which is a source of lens regeneration. The incorporation of 3H-T in the vitreous body was also found, thus suggesting both the secretion of vitreous body by the regenerating retina cells and the migration of some proteins secreted by the regenerating retina from its surface in the direction of a lens regenerating from the dorsal iris.