Oligosymptomatic diphtheria infection in adults: two contacts of the Peruvian index case after 20 years without disease report.

In Peru, diphtheria infection was eradicated in the last two decades. However, recently, diphtheria pharyngeal infection was confirmed and reported in a 5-year-old boy (index case). We report two more cases of this outbreak (in the index case parents) with confirmed diphtheria infection and tox gene identified by molecular assay, who were in close contact with the index case and never presented any symptoms. Both parents had a congestive pharynx with erythematous plaques at the back of it. In adults, diphtheria infection can be oligosymptomatic or mimic viral pharyngitis, which could lead to misdiagnosis and, furthermore, an increased risk of transmission in regions with lower immunization rates.

Diagnóstico de carcinoma urotelial durante estudio de bacteremia por Streptococcus gordonii / Diagnosis of uroepithelial carcinoma during bacteremia by Streptococcus gordonii

Resumen La bacteremia por Streptococcus gordonii es infrecuente. Su aislamiento en hemocultivo traduce alta significancia clínica y debe dirigir el abordaje diagnóstico hacia la búsqueda de entidades subyacentes como neoplasias hematológicas, cardiopatías valvulares, neumonía, alteraciones estructurales de cabeza y cuello, inmunosupresión, y otras condiciones asociadas. No se han identificado reportes en pacientes con neoplasia de vías urinarias como posible condicionante de bacteremia por este agente. Se describe el caso de un paciente que, durante el estudio de bacteremia por este microorganismo, fue diagnosticado de carcinoma urotelial de alto grado.

Abstract Streptococcus gordonii bacteremia is rare. Its isolation in blood culture translates into high clinical significance and the diagnostic approach should be directed towards the search for underlying entities such as hematologic malignancies, valvular heart disease, pneumonia, structural changes of the head and neck, immunosuppression and other related conditions. No reports have been identified in patients with urinary tract neoplasia as a possible condition of bacteremia by this agent. The case of a patient who was diagnosed with high-grade urothelial carcinoma during the study of bacteremia by this microorganism is described.

Hospital-acquired SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in a person living with HIV.

We report the case of a 38 year-old man living with well-controlled HIV on antiretroviral therapy who developed cerebellar symptoms and was admitted to hospital for management of an intraventricular cryptococcoma. During his hospital stay he contracted SARS CoV-2 infection within the hospital setting with a fatal outcome.

Acute toxoplasmosis complicated with myopericarditis and possible encephalitis in an immunocompetent patient.

We document a case of a 34-year-old man with no medical previous history, presenting with lymphoproliferative syndrome associated to Toxoplasma gondii infection complicated with myopericarditis and possible encephalitis, whose diagnosis was made with lymph node biopsy, cardiac imaging, serology compatible with acute toxoplasmosis and clinical response after treatment.

Factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones nosocomiales de la herida en la piel de niños quemados en el INSN / Risk factors associated with nosocomial infections of the wound in the skin of children burned in INSN

OBJETIVO GENERAL: Fue determinar los factores de riesgo asociados a infecciones nosocomiales de la herida en la piel de niños quemados en el INSN. Otros de los objetivos fue identificar los factores de riesgo intrínsecos (edad, sexo,hidratación, enfermedades pre-existentes) y los factores de riesgo extrínsecos (grado de quemadura, ubicación de la quemadura, tiempo de hospitalización, nivel socio-económico) asociado a infecciones nosocomiales de la herida en la piel de niños quemados. Diseño metodológico: Casos y controles. Materiales y métodos: Se revisaron 100 historias clínicas de pacientes menores de 15 años, siendo 50 casos y 50 controles, para la cual se utilizó un intervalo de confianza del 95 por ciento, 80 por ciento de poder de prueba y 43.75 por ciento de presentación de infección en quemaduras profundas, los cuales fueron hospitalizados con diagnóstico de quemadura que cumplian con los criterios de inclusión, en la unidad de quemados del INSN. Todos los pacientes fueron atendidos en el IESN en los años 2005-2009...

Objective: The general objetive was to determine the risk factors associated with intrahospital infections of skin burns in pediatric patients hospitalized in INSN. Another objetive was to determine the association between infection with intrinsic (ages, sex, hydration, malnutrion, pre-existing diseases) and extrinsic(degree and location of burn, hospitalization, socio-economic level) risk factors in pediatric patients with skin burns. Methodological design: cases and controls. Materials and methods: Fifty clinical of patients under 15 years of age were reviewed having 50 cases with diagnosis of skin burn in any stage, couplet and randomized with their respective controls by age and transience. Using a trust interval of 95 per cent, 80 per cent proof of power and 43.75 of infection in deep skin burns which were hospitalize and taken care of in the INSN between 2005 and 2009...