RESUMO
Fundamentos: Las personas mayores de 65 años son quienes presentan diferentes niveles de limitaciones funcionales. Existen múltiples instrumentos de medición de la movilidad en este grupo de edad y una falta de consenso internacional sobre cuáles son los más idóneos. El objetivo fue describir los instrumentos de medición de la movilidad en personas mayores de 65 años, determinar sus ventajas y limitaciones y comparar las características de validez de cada instrumento para poder establecer cuáles son los más válidos para este fin. Métodos: Revisión sistemática de la bibliografía sobre instrumentos utilizados para medir la movilidad en personas mayores de 65 años publicados entre 2001 a 2013. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos Pubmed y Science Direct. Resultados: Los 34 artículos seleccionados permitieron agrupar los instrumentos en 4 grupos: agua doblemente marcada (DLW), detectores de movimiento, medidas objetivas de la movilidad y cuestionarios. Del total de artículos, 23 correspondieron a cuestionarios, 4 fueron sobre acelerómetros, 3 sobre medidas objetivas de la movilidad y 2 tanto sobre podómetros como DLW. Los otros 2 hacían referencia al análisis combinado de diferentes instrumentos. Conclusiones: Las medidas de movilidad más precisas se obtienen evaluando datos objetivos y subjetivos. Para obtener datos objetivos se usan las medidas objetivas de la movilidad frente a podómetros y acelerómetros, mientras que los cuestionarios son utilizados para obtener datos subjetivos debido a su facilidad de uso y a los datos sociodemográficos que aportan. Entre los instrumentos, el Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) y el Minesotta Leisure Time resultan los instrumentos más idóneos para medir la movilidad de las personas mayores en España (AU)
Background: People over 65 are the ones who have higher levels of functional limitations. There are many instruments to measure mobility in this age range that causes a lack of international consensus on what are the most suitable for this purpose. The aim is to analyze and identify which instruments provide greater data reliability and validity in measuring mobility in elderly people. Methods: Systematic review of the instruments used to measure mobility in people over 65 years published between 2001-2013, conducted in PubMed and Science Direct. Results: The 34 items selected instruments were grouped into 4 categories: doubly labeled water (DLW), motion detectors, objective measures of mobility and questionnaires. We identified, 23 are questionnaires, 4 accelerometers, 3 to objective measures of mobility and 2 both pedometers as DLW. The other 2 to combined analysis of different instruments. Conclusions: We conclude that assessing objective and subjective data obtains the most accurate measures of mobility. To obtain objective data, objective measures of mobility will be opposed to pedometers and accelerometers, while questionnaires were selected for subjective data due to its ease of use and sociodemographic data that provides. Among these instruments, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Minnesota Leisure Time are the most appropriate instruments to estimate the mobility of the elderly in Spain (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Marcha Atáxica/diagnóstico , Atividade Motora/fisiologia , Limitação da Mobilidade , Psicometria/instrumentação , Função Executiva , Idoso Fragilizado , Aptidão Física/fisiologia , Resistência Física/fisiologia , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
BACKGROUND: People over 65 are the ones who have higher levels of functional limitations. There are many instruments to measure mobility in this age range that causes a lack of international consensus on what are the most suitable for this purpose. The aim is to analyze and identify which instruments provide greater data reliability and validity in measuring mobility in elderly people. METHODS: Systematic review of the instruments used to measure mobility in people over 65 years published between 2001-2013, conducted in PubMed and Science Direct. RESULTS: The 34 items selected instruments were grouped into 4 categories: doubly labeled water (DLW), motion detectors, objective measures of mobility and questionnaires. We identified, 23 are questionnaires, 4 accelerometers, 3 to objective measures of mobility and 2 both pedometers as DLW. The other 2 to combined analysis of different instruments. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that assessing objective and subjective data obtains the most accurate measures of mobility. To obtain objective data, objective measures of mobility will be opposed to pedometers and accelerometers, while questionnaires were selected for subjective data due to its ease of use and sociodemographic data that provides. Among these instruments, the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and Minnesota Leisure Time are the most appropriate instruments to estimate the mobility of the elderly in Spain.
