Calidad de vida en profesionales de enfermería que laboran en áreas críticas en una institución de tercer nivel de atención / Quality of life in nursing professionals working in critical areas at a third-level care institution

Introducción: la calidad de vida (CV) es importante en profesionales de la salud, en especial en el personal de enfermería que labora en áreas críticas, ya que ésta depende no sólo de factores físicos, mentales y sociales, sino también laborales, que surgen del contacto diario con pacientes. Objetivo: determinar la CV de los profesionales de enfermería que laboran en áreas críticas en una institución de tercer nivel de atención. Material y métodos: estudio observacional transversal realizado en una institución de tercer nivel, con una n de 73 profesionales de enfermería. Se aplicaron dos cuestionarios internacionalmente validados: WHOQOL-BREF, que valora 4 dominios; y PROQOL-IV, evalúa 3 dominios. El análisis se realizó con las pruebas t-student y ANOVA para comparar los puntajes de la CV con las características sociodemográficas y laborales. Resultados: el 85% de los participantes fueron mujeres. El rango de edad más frecuente de 40-49 años (43%). El puntaje más alto en el WHOQOL-BREF el dominio de salud psicológica y el menor puntaje el de ambiente. En el PROQOL-IV, 40% de participantes tuvieron riesgo de padecer des-gaste por empatía de los cuales 83% son mujeres, 15% no está satisfecho al realizar su trabajo y 19% tiene riesgo de padecer burnout. Conclusión: la CV del personal de enfermería podría determinarse como buena, excepto el dominio desgaste por empatía (PROQOL-IV). Se sugiere continuar estudian-do estas variables para poder realizar intervenciones que ayuden a mejorar su CV.

[Not Available]. / Dietary patterns are associated with calcium and vitamin D intake in an adult Mexican population.

INTRODUCTION: Nutrition research has traditionally promoted a nutrient-based approach; however, to evaluate population compliance with dietary recommendations, researchers have increasingly used dietary pattern analysis. OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between dietary patterns and vitamin D and calcium intake in an adult Mexican population. METHODS: We characterized the dietary patterns of 8,456 men and women aged 20-80 years who were participating in the Health Workers Cohort Study. Information on participants' sociodemographic conditions and physical activity was collected via self-administered questionnaires. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess diet. In a cross-sectional analysis, we examined dietary patterns in relation to vitamin D and calcium consumption. RESULTS: Factor analysis revealed 3 major dietary patterns. Pattern 1, labeled as "prudent pattern", was characterized by high positive loads for the consumption of fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, whole grains, oils, and legumes. The second dietary pattern, named as "dairy and fish pattern", was positively correlated with intake of dairy foods, fish and other seafood, milk and whole grains. Finally, dietary pattern 3 was associated with higher intake of red meat, soft drinks, fats, eggs, white meat and alcoholic beverages. Of these, the "dairy and fish pattern" was positively and significantly associated with vitamin D and calcium consumption (r = 0.42, p < 0.001; and r = 0.20, p < 0.001 respectively). Conversely, the third dietary pattern was negatively associated with vitamin D and calcium intake (r = -0.28, p < 0.001; and r = -0.41, p < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: In summary, our findings show that dietary patterns represented by high consumption of milk, dairy products, whole grains, fish are associated with higher consumption of vitamin D and calcium in Mexican adult population. Additionally, our results highlight the importance of following an appropriate dietary pattern to achieve adequate consumption of nutrients.

Dietary patterns are associated with calcium and vitamin D intake in an adult Mexican population / Asociación entre los patrones dietarios y el consumo de calcio y vitamina D en población adulta mexicana

Introduction: Nutrition research has traditionally promoted a nutrient-based approach; however, to evaluate population compliance with dietary recommendations, researchers have increasingly used dietary pattern analysis. Objective: To assess the relationship between dietary patterns and vitamin D and calcium intake in an adult Mexican population. Methods: We characterized the dietary patterns of 8,456 men and women aged 20-80 years who were participating in the Health Workers Cohort Study. Information on participants’ sociodemographic conditions and physical activity was collected via self-administered questionnaires. A food frequency questionnaire was used to assess diet. In a cross-sectional analysis, we examined dietary patterns in relation to vitamin D and calcium consumption. Results: Factor analysis revealed 3 major dietary patterns. Pattern 1, labeled as ‘prudent pattern’, was characterized by high positive loads for the consumption of fresh vegetables, fresh fruits, whole grains, oils, and legumes. The second dietary pattern, named as ‘dairy and fish pattern’, was positively correlated with intake of dairy foods, fish and other seafood, milk and whole grains. Finally, dietary pattern 3 was associated with higher intake of red meat, soft drinks, fats, eggs, white meat and alcoholic beverages. Of these, the ‘dairy and fish pattern’ was positively and significantly associated with vitamin D and calcium consumption (r = 0.42, p < 0.001; and r = 0.20, p < 0.001 respectively). Conversely, the third dietary pattern was negatively associated with vitamin D and calcium intake (r = -0.28, p < 0.001; and r = -0.41, p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusions: In summary, our findings show that dietary patterns represented by high consumption of milk, dairy products, whole grains, fi sh are associated with higher consumption of vitamin D and calcium in Mexican adult population. Additionally, our results highlight the importance of following an appropriate dietary pattern to achieve adequate consumption of nutrients (AU)

Introducción: tradicionalmente, la investigación en nutrición ha promovido un abordaje basado en el análisis de nutrimentos; sin embargo, más recientemente el análisis de patrones dietarios ha sido ampliamente utilizado para evaluar el apego de la población a las recomendaciones dietéticas. Objetivo: evaluar la asociación entre los patrones dietarios y el consumo de calcio y vitamina D en población adulta mexicana. Métodos: se derivaron patrones dietarios de 8.456 hombres y mujeres de 20-80 años de edad participantes de la Cohorte de Trabajadores de la Salud. La información sociodemográfica y de actividad física fue recolectada mediante cuestionarios autoadministrados. Para evaluar la información dietética, se utilizó un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos. Resultados: mediante análisis factorial se derivaron tres patrones dietarios. El patrón 1, etiquetado como ‘patrón prudente’, estuvo caracterizado por alto consumo de verduras frescas, frutas frescas, granos integrales, aceites y leguminosas. El segundo patrón, denominado ‘patrón de lácteos y pescado’, fue positivamente correlacionado con ingesta de productos lácteos, pescado, leche y granos integrales. Finalmente, el tercer patrón dietario se asoció con alta ingesta de carnes rojas, bebidas azucaradas, grasas, huevos, pan blanco y bebidas alcohólicas. El patrón de lácteos y pescado se asoció positivamente con el consumo de vitamina D y calcio (r = 0,42, p < 0,001; r = 0,20, p < 0,001, respectivamente). Por último, el tercer patrón se asoció inversamente con el consumo de vitamina D y calcio (r = -0,28, p < 0,001; r = -0,41, p < 0,001 respectivamente). Conclusión: nuestros hallazgos muestran que el patrón representado por un alto consumo de leche, productos lácteos, granos enteros y pescado está asociado con un mayor consumo de vitamina D y calcio en población adulta mexicana. Adicionalmente, nuestros resultados resaltan la importancia de seguir un patrón dietario apropiado para lograr un adecuado consumo de nutrientes (AU)

Health care costs of osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fragility fractures in Mexico.

UNLABELLED: Different sources were used to estimate the 2010 health care costs of managing low bone density (osteopenia/osteoporosis) plus caring fragility fractures in Mexico at 411 million USD. Figures are projected to rise 42 % by 2020. Preventive and timely interventions are required to decrease the financial burden of these entities. INTRODUCTION: Osteopenia, osteoporosis, and fragility fractures (FF) are a public health concern. The study purpose was to estimate the health care costs of these conditions in Mexico during 2010 and project them to 2015 and 2020. METHODS: Prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis was derived from international data. The Mexican version of FRAX® algorithm was used to assess risk for a major FF (hip, clinical spine, forearm, and proximal humerus) in osteopenic and osteoporotic population aged over 40 years. The estimates were applied to national demographic projections. Only direct medical costs composed by routine non-pharmacological management of osteopenia/osteoporosis besides the costs owing to medical care of major FF were considered into the analysis. Resource use for managing osteopenia/osteoporosis was defined from local sources (clinical practice guidelines, published literature, and expert opinion); unit costs were gathered from official lists. Costs for medical care of FF were based on diagnosis-related groups. RESULTS: In population aged ≥40 years, prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in 2010 was 32.8 and 8 %, respectively. A total of 75,763 FF occurred that year. Costs of managing osteopenia and osteoporosis were 154.9 million USD, whereas medical costs due to FF reached 256.2 million USD. Therefore, the annual health care costs of these entities in 2010 were 411 million USD. Total costs will be 19.2 % higher in 2015, and by 2020, the figures will have increased by 41.7 %. CONCLUSIONS: Low bone density entails substantial epidemiological and financial burden in Mexico, and their impact will grow considerably during the next years.