Rhodanine-benzamides as potential hits for α-amylase enzyme inhibitors and radical (DPPH and ABTS) scavengers.

A series of 3-substituted and 3,5-disubstituted rhodanine-based derivatives were synthesized from 3-aminorhodanine and examined for α-amylase inhibitory, DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical scavenging activities in vitro. These derivatives displayed significant α-amylase inhibitory potential with IC50 values of 11.01-56.04 µM in comparison to standard acarbose (IC50 = 9.08 ± 0.07 µM). Especially, compounds 7 (IC50 = 11.01 ± 0.07 µM) and 8 (IC50 = 12.01 ± 0.07 µM) showed highest α-amylase inhibitory activities among the whole series. In addition to α-amylase inhibitory activity, all compounds also demonstrated significant scavenging activities against DPPH and ABTS radicals, with IC50 values ranging from 12.24 to 57.33 and 13.29-59.09 µM, respectively, as compared to the standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 15.08 ± 0.03 µM for DPPH; IC50 = 16.09 ± 0.17 µM for ABTS). These findings reveal that the nature and position of the substituents on the phenyl ring(s) are crucial for variation in the activities. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) revealed that the compounds bearing an electron-withdrawing group (EWG) at para substitution possessed the highest activity. In kinetic studies, only the km value was changed, with no observed changes in Vmax, indicating a competitive inhibition. Molecular docking studies revealed important interactions between compounds and the α-amylase active pocket. Further advanced research needs to perform on the identified compounds in order to obtain potential antidiabetic agents.

Exploring the pathophysiological influence of heme oxygenase-1 on neuroinflammation and depression: A study of phytotherapeutic-based modulation.

BACKGROUND: The heme oxygenase (HO) system plays a significant role in neuroprotection and reduction of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. The system, via isoforms HO-1 and HO-2, regulates cellular redox balance. HO-1, an antioxidant defense enzyme, is highlighted due to its association with depression, characterized by heightened neuroinflammation and impaired oxidative stress responses. METHODOLOGY: We observed the pathophysiology of HO-1 and phytochemicals as its modulator. We explored Science Direct, Scopus, and PubMed for a comprehensive literature review. Bibliometric and temporal trend analysis were done using VOSviewer. RESULTS: Several phytochemicals can potentially alleviate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress-induced depressive symptoms. These effects result from inhibiting the MAPK and NK-κB pathways - both implicated in the overproduction of pro-inflammatory factors - and from the upregulation of HO-1 expression mediated by Nrf2. Bibliometric and temporal trend analysis further validates these associations. CONCLUSION: In summary, our findings suggest that antidepressant agents can mitigate neuroinflammation and depressive disorder pathogenesis via the upregulation of HO-1 expression. These agents suppress pro-inflammatory mediators and depressive-like symptoms, demonstrating that HO-1 plays a significant role in the neuroinflammatory process and the development of depression.

Understanding the Therapeutic Approaches for Neuroprotection.

The term "neurodegenerative disorders" refers to a group of illnesses in which deterioration of nerve structure and function is a prominent feature. Cognitive capacities such as memory and decision-making deteriorate as a result of neuronal damage. The primary difficulty that remains is safeguarding neurons since they do not proliferate or regenerate spontaneously and are therefore not substituted by the body after they have been damaged. Millions of individuals throughout the world suffer from neurodegenerative diseases. Various pathways lead to neurodegeneration, including endoplasmic reticulum stress, calcium ion overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, reactive oxygen species generation, and apoptosis. Although different treatments and therapies are available for neuroprotection after a brain injury or damage, the obstacles are inextricably connected. Several studies have revealed the pathogenic effects of hypothermia, different breathed gases, stem cell treatments, mitochondrial transplantation, multi-pharmacological therapy, and other therapies that have improved neurological recovery and survival outcomes after brain damage. The present review highlights the use of therapeutic approaches that can be targeted to develop and understand significant therapies for treating neurodegenerative diseases.

BIN1 in the Pursuit of Ousting the Alzheimer's Reign: Impact on Amyloid and Tau Neuropathology.

Alzheimer's disease contributes to 60-70% of all dementia cases in the general population. Belonging to the BIN1/amphiphysin/RVS167 (BAR) superfamily, the bridging integrator (BIN1) has been identified to impact two major pathological hallmarks in Alzheimer's disease (AD), i.e., amyloid beta (Aß) and tau accumulation. Aß accumulation is found to increase by BIN1 knockdown in cortical neurons in late-onset AD, due to BACE1 accumulation at enlarged early endosomes. Two BIN1 mutants, KR and PL, were identified to exhibit Aß accumulation. Furthermore, BIN1 deficiency by BIN1-related polymorphisms impairs the interaction with tau, thus elevating tau phosphorylation, altering synapse structure and tau function. Even though the precise role of BIN1 in the neuronal tissue needs further investigation, the authors aim to throw light on the potential of BIN1 and unfold its implications on tau and Aß pathology, to aid AD researchers across the globe to examine BIN1, as an appropriate target gene for disease management.

Multitargeted inhibition of key enzymes associated with diabetes and Alzheimer's disease by 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives: Synthesis, in vitro screening, and computational studies.

A library of 22 derivatives of 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol was synthesized, structurally characterized, and assessed for its potential to inhibit α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and antioxidant activities. Most of the tested compounds demonstrated good to moderate inhibition potential; however, their activity was lower than that of the standard acarbose. Significantly, compound 3f exhibited the highest inhibition potential against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes, with IC50 values of 18.52 ± 0.09 and 20.25 ± 1.05 µM, respectively, in comparison to the standard acarbose (12.29 ± 0.26; 15.98 ± 0.14 µM). Compounds also demonstrated varying degrees of inhibitory potential against AChE (IC50 = 9.25 ± 0.19 to 36.15 ± 0.12 µM) and BChE (IC50 = 10.06 ± 0.43 to 35.13 ± 0.12 µM) enzymes compared to the standard donepezil (IC50 = 2.01 ± 0.12; 3.12 ± 0.06 µM), as well as DPPH (IC50 = 20.98 ± 0.06 to 52.83 ± 0.12 µM) and ABTS radical scavenging activities (IC50 = 22.29 ± 0.18 to 47.98 ± 0.03 µM) in comparison to the standard ascorbic acid (IC50 = 18.12 ± 0.15; 19.19 ± 0.72). The kinetic investigations have demonstrated that the compounds exhibit competitive-type inhibition for α-amylase, noncompetitive-type inhibition for α-glucosidase and AChE, and mixed-type inhibition for BChE. Additionally, a molecular docking study was performed on all synthetic oxadiazoles to explore the interaction details of these compounds with the active sites of the enzymes.

Design and synthesis of neoteric benzylidene amino-benzimidazole scaffolds for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity.

Aim: To design a series of neoteric benzylidene amino-benzimidazole derivatives and to synthesize and evaluate them for anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential. Methods: The designed target scaffolds were synthesized and appraised for in vitro antioxidant action and in vivo anti-inflammatory potential. AutoDock Vina software was employed for design; the Mannich reaction was used for synthesis; and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential were demonstrated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl free-radical scavenging assay and carrageenan-induced paw edema method, respectively. Results: Methyl-incorporating molecules 3-(2-((2-methylbenzylidene)amino)-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one (6c) and 3-(2-((4-methylbenzylidene)amino-1H-benzo[d]imidazol-1-yl)-1-phenylpropan-1-one (6j) showed remarkable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action, followed by compounds 6f, 6e and 6i containing 3-CH3, 2-OH, 4-F substituents, respectively. Conclusion: The designed analogs were dynamically confined within the active site of cyclooxygenase-2, and in vitro and in vivo results agreed with molecular docking studies.

Understanding the mechanistic potential of plant based phytochemicals in management of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis, an epidemic disorder is defined as a loss in bone mineral density and a greater possibility of fractures in older women. It is a multifactorial disease under the control of various genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors. Insufficiency of estrogen hormone, leads to postmenopausal osteoporosis. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT), despite being the most effective treatment, it is associated with the risk of breast cancer and cardiovascular disorders. This review seeks to compile the most recent information on medicinal plants and natural compounds used to treat and prevent postmenopausal osteoporosis. Furthermore, the origin, chemical constituents and the molecular mechanisms responsible for this therapeutic and preventive effect are also discussed. Literature research was conducted using PubMed, Science direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Different plant extracts and pure compounds exerts their antiosteoporotic activity by inhibition of RANKL and upregulation of OPG. RANKL signaling regulates osteoclast formation, characterized by increased bone turnover and osteoprotegrin is a decoy receptor for RANKL thereby preventing bone loss from excessive resorption. In addition, this review also includes the chemical structure of bioactive compounds acting on NFκB, TNF α, RUNX2. In conclusion, we propose that postmenopausal osteoporosis could be prevented or treated with herbal products.

Synthetic piperidine-substituted chalcones as potential hits for α-amylase inhibitory and antioxidant activities.

Background: In medicinal chemistry, searching for new therapeutic entities to treat diabetes mellitus is of great concern. The piperidinyl-substituted chalcone scaffold has piqued our interest as a potential antidiabetic agent. Methods: A variety of piperidinyl-substituted chalcones 2-28 were synthesized and tested for α-amylase inhibitory and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radical-scavenging activities. Results: Compared with the standard acarbose, all compounds inhibited α-amylase, with IC50 values of 9.86-35.98 µM. Docking studies revealed an important binding interaction with the enzyme's catalytic site. The compounds also demonstrated promising radical-scavenging potential against  2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and  2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) radicals. Conclusion: This study has identified potential lead candidates for further advanced research searching for antidiabetic agents.

New pyrrolopyridine-based thiazolotriazoles as diabetics inhibitors: enzymatic kinetics and in silico study.

Aim: To synthesize pyrrolopyridine-based thiazolotriazoles as a novel class of α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors and to determine their enzymatic kinetics. Methodology: Pyrrolopyridine-based thiazolotriazole analogs (1-24) were synthesized and characterized through proton nuclear magnetic resonance, carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance and high-resolution electron ionization mass spectrometry. Results: All synthesized analogs displayed good inhibitory potential of α-amylase and α-glucosidase ranging 17.65-70.7 µM and 18.15-71.97 µM, respectively, compared with the reference drug, acarbose (11.98 µM and 12.79 µM). Analog 3 was the most potent among the synthesized analogs, having α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity at 17.65 and 18.15 µM, respectively. The structure-activity relationship and binding modes of interactions between selected analogs were confirmed via docking and enzymatic kinetics studies. The compounds (1-24) were tested for cytotoxicity against the 3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line and were observed to be nontoxic.

Quantification of Luteolin, Apigenin and Chrysoeriol in Tecoma stans by RP-HPLC Method.

Tecoma stans (Fam. Bignoniaceae) is also popularly known as yellow bells and yellow trumpet bush in vernacular terminology. Limited and variable data are available from the literature regarding the quantification of luteolin, apigenin and chrysoeriol, which are considered as the most active pharmacological active constituents. High-performance liquid chromatography-photodiode array detection has been developed for the determination of the bioactive flavonoids, luteolin, apigenin and chrysoeriol, from the methanolic extract of the leaves of T. stans. A column packed with a pentafluorophenyl-based stationary phase was used for the separation of the analytes under gradient elution. The detection wavelength was 345 nm. The validation of the method as per the International Council on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines (ICH 2005) for linearity, accuracy and precision was investigated and found within limits specified by the ICH guidelines. The method was linear over with a good regression coefficient of more than 0.99. The limit of detection of the method was 0.68, 2.97 and 1.76 µg/mL for luteolin, apigenin and chrysoeriol, respectively. In conclusion, a reliable and reproducible method was devised that can be used for the estimation of the said components from T. stans.

Synthesis, Molecular Docking, and Bioactivity Study of Novel Hybrid Benzimidazole Urea Derivatives: A Promising α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitor Candidate with Antioxidant Activity.

A novel series of benzimidazole ureas 3a-h were elaborated using 2-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-yl) aniline 1 and the appropriate isocyanates 2a-h. The antioxidant and possible antidiabetic activities of the target benzimidazole-ureas 3a-h were evaluated. Almost all compounds 3a-h displayed strong to moderate antioxidant activities. When tested using the three antioxidant techniques, TAC, FRAP, and MCA, compounds 3b and 3c exhibited marked activity. The most active antioxidant compound in this family was compound 3g, which had excellent activity using four different methods: TAC, FRAP, DPPH-SA, and MCA. In vitro antidiabetic assays against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes revealed that the majority of the compounds tested had good to moderate activity. The most favorable results were obtained with compounds 3c, 3e, and 3g, and analysis revealed that compounds 3c (IC50 = 18.65 ± 0.23 µM), 3e (IC50 = 20.7 ± 0.06 µM), and 3g (IC50 = 22.33 ± 0.12 µM) had good α-amylase inhibitory potential comparable to standard acarbose (IC50 = 14.21 ± 0.06 µM). Furthermore, the inhibitory effect of 3c (IC50 = 17.47 ± 0.03 µM), 3e (IC50 = 21.97 ± 0.19 µM), and 3g (IC50 = 23.01 ± 0.12 µM) on α-glucosidase was also comparable to acarbose (IC50 = 15.41 ± 0.32 µM). According to in silico molecular docking studies, compounds 3a-h had considerable affinity for the active sites of human lysosomal acid α-glucosidase (HLAG) and pancreatic α-amylase (HPA), indicating that the majority of the examined compounds had potential anti-hyperglycemic action.

Synthetic benzofuran-linked chalcones with dual actions: a potential therapeutic approach to manage diabetes mellitus.

Background: Identification of molecules having dual capabilities to reduce postprandial hyperglycemia and oxidative stress is one of the therapeutic approaches to treat diabetes mellitus. In this connection, a library of benzofuran-linked chalcone derivatives were evaluated for their dual action. Methods: A series of substituted benzofuran-linked chalcones (2-33) were synthesized and tested for α-amylase inhibitory as well as 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities. Results: All compounds showed α-amylase inhibitory activity ranging from IC50 = 12.81 ± 0.03 to 87.17 ± 0.15 µM, compared with the standard acarbose (IC50 = 13.98 ± 0.03 µM). Compounds also demonstrated radical scavenging potential against DPPH and ABTS radicals. Conclusion: The identified compounds may serve as potential leads for further advanced research.

Design, synthesis and bio-evaluation of indolin-2-ones as potential antidiabetic agents.

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a serious global health concern, and this is expected to impact more than 300 million people by 2025. The current study focuses on identifying substituted indolin-2-one-based inhibitors for two indispensable drug targets, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. Methods: The structures of synthetic compounds were confirmed by spectroscopic techniques and evaluated for enzyme inhibition activities. Kinetic and in silico studies were also performed. Results: All compounds exhibited good-to-moderate inhibitory potential. Most importantly, compounds 1, 2, 6, 16 and 17 were identified as potent α-glucosidase inhibitors (IC50 = 9.15 ± 0.12-13.74 ± 0.12 µM). Conclusion: This study identified that these synthetic compounds might serve as potential lead molecules for antidiabetic agents.

Syntheses, in vitro, and in silico studies of rhodanine-based schiff bases as potential α-amylase inhibitors and radicals (DPPH and ABTS) scavengers.

A two-step reaction method was used to synthesize a series of rhodanine-based Schiff bases (2-33) that were characterized using spectroscopic techniques. All compounds were assessed for α-amylase inhibitory and radical scavenging (DPPH and ABTS) activities. In comparison to the standard acarbose (IC50 = 9.08 ± 0.07 µM), all compounds demonstrated good to moderate α-amylase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 10.91 ± 0.08-61.89 ± 0.102 µM). Compounds also demonstrated significantly higher DPPH (IC50 = 10.33 ± 0.02-96.65 ± 0.03 µM) and ABTS (IC50 = 12.01 ± 0.12-97.47 ± 0.13 µM) radical scavenging activities than ascorbic acid (DPPH, IC50 = 15.08 ± 0.03 µM; ABTS, IC50 = 16.09 ± 0.17 µM). The limited structure-activity relationship (SAR) suggests that the position and nature of the substituted groups on the phenyl ring have a vital role in varying inhibitory potential. Among the series, compounds with an electron-withdrawing group at the para position showed the highest potency. Kinetic studies revealed that the compounds followed a competitive mode of inhibition. Molecular docking results are found to agree with experimental findings, showing that compounds reside in the active pocket due to the main rhodanine moiety.

Target-based virtual screening and molecular interaction studies for lead identification of natural olive compounds against glioblastoma multiforme.

Glioblastoma multiforme, a rare traumatic brain disorder, is at the research climax for its uncontrolled growth leading to a catastrophic outcome. Throwing light on the target-based virtual screening of drugs using natural phytocompounds is a striking cornerstone in glioblastoma-based drug discovery, accelerating with leaps and bounds. This project aims to develop promising lead compounds against glioblastoma brain cancer using OliveNet™, an open-source database. In this pursuit, our rationale for selecting molecules was based on their capability to pass through the blood-brain barrier. Out of 51 derivative molecules from flavonoids and polyphenols, 17 molecules were screened out bearing the best ADMET (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) properties, alongside fulfilling our rationale of lead selection. Two polyphenols, 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid and 4-ethyl guaiacol, have binding affinity for the antioxidant flavonoid luteolin of -5.1 and -4.3 kcal/mol, respectively. According to docking studies, the residues ASN1960, ASN1966, ASN1960, PHE1984, TYR1896, VAL1911, and LYS1966 make both polar and nonpolar interactions with 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoic acid and 4-ethylguanidine, respectively. LD50 values of toxicity screening using TOX Pro brought to limelight the excellent safety profile of polyphenols and flavonoids. Furthermore, studies using in silico cytotoxicity prediction and molecular modelling have decisively shown that these polyphenols are likely to be effective brain cancer inhibitors and promising future lead candidates against glioblastoma multiforme.

Efficient one-pot synthesis of arylated pyrazole-fused pyran analogs: as leads to treating diabetes and Alzheimer's disease.

Background: To discover novel lead molecules against diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and oxidative stress, a library of arylated pyrazole-fused pyran derivatives, 1-20, were synthesized in a one-pot reaction. Materials & methods:1H-NMR spectroscopic and electron ionization mass spectrometry techniques were used to characterize the synthetic hybrid molecules 1-20. Analogs were screened against four indispensable therapeutic targets, including α-amylase, α-glucosidase, acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes. Results: Except for derivatives 17 and 18, all other compounds exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory activities against target enzymes. The kinetic studies revealed that the synthetic molecules followed a competitive-type mode of inhibition for α-amylase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes, as well as a non-competitive mode of inhibition for α-glucosidase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes. In addition, molecular docking studies identified crucial binding interactions of ligands with the enzyme's active site. Conclusion: These molecules may serve as a potential drug candidate to cure diabetes, Alzheimer's disease and oxidative stress in the future.

Elucidating the Neuroprotective Effect of Tecoma stans Leaf Extract in STZ-Induced Diabetic Neuropathy.

Background: Diabetes is considered one of the most encyclopedic metabolic disorders owing to an alarming rise in the number of patients, which is increasing at an exponential rate. With the current therapeutics, which only aims to provide symptomatic and momentary relief, the scientists are shifting gears to explore alternative therapies which not only can target diabetes but can also help in limiting the progression of diabetic complications including diabetic neuropathy (DN). Methods: Tecoma stans leaf methanolic extract was prepared using the Soxhlet method. A streptozotocin (STZ; 45 mg/kg)-induced diabetic animal model was used and treatment with oral dosing of T. stans leaf extract at the different doses of 200 mg/kg, 300 mg/kg, and highest dose, i.e., 400 mg/kg, was initiated on day 3 after STZ administration. The pharmacological response for general and biochemical (angiogenic, inflammatory, and oxidative) parameters and behavioral parameters were compared using Gabapentin as a standard drug with the results from the test drug. Results: Parameters associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy were evaluated. For general parameters, different doses of T. stans extract (TSE) on blood sugar showed significant effects as compared to the diabetic group. Also, the results from biochemical analysis and behavioral parameters showed significant positive effects in line with general parameters. The combination therapy of TSE at 400 mg/kg with a standard drug produced nonsignificant effects in comparison with the normal group. Conclusion: The leaves of T. stans possess antidiabetic effects along with promising effects in the management of DN by producing significant effects by exhibiting antioxidative, antiangiogenic, and anti-inflammatory properties, which are prognostic markers for DN, and thus, T. stans can be considered as an emerging therapeutic option for DN.

"Cutting the Mustard" with Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells: An Overview and Applications in Healthcare Paradigm.

Treatment of numerous ailments has been made accessible by the advent of genetic engineering, where the self-renewal property has unfolded the mysteries of regeneration, i.e., stem cells. This is narrowed down to pluripotency, the cell property of differentiating into other adult cells. The generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) was a major breakthrough in 2006, which was generated by a cocktail of 4 Yamanaka Factors, following which significant advancements have been reported in medical science and therapeutics. The iPSCs are reprogrammed from somatic cells, and the fascinating results focused on developing authentic techniques for their generation via molecular reprogramming mechanisms, with a plethora of molecules, like NANOG, miRNAs, and DNA modifying agents, etc. The iPSCs have exhibited reliable results in assessing the etiology and molecular mechanisms of diseases, followed by the development of possible treatments and the elimination of risks of immune rejection. The authors formulate a comprehensive review to develop a clear understanding of iPSC generation, their advantages and limitations, with potential challenges associated with their medical utility. In addition, a wide compendium of applications of iPSCs in regenerative medicine and disease modeling has been discussed, alongside bioengineering technologies for iPSC reprogramming, expansion, isolation, and differentiation. The manuscript aims to provide a holistic picture of the booming advancement of iPSC therapy, to attract the attention of global researchers, to investigate this versatile approach in treatment of multiple disorders, subsequently overcoming the challenges, in order to effectively expand its therapeutic window.

Impact of Indazole Scaffold as Antibacterial and Antifungal Agent.

Heterocycles consisting of a nitrogen atom, Indazole, is a pungent, biological, heterocyclic, bicyclic compound possessing electron-rich portions. Indazole is composed of two nitrogen atoms put under the azoles family, further called isoindazolone. It is colorless solid nitrogen- containing heterocyclics with atomic formula-C7H6N2 are extraordinary scaffolds, still identified as isoindazole. Therefore, analogs of Indazole have experienced expert approaches in later times because of its special biological properties, such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, anti- HIV and antihypertensive actions. 1H-indazole and 2H-indazole are two toutomeric forms of Indazole. Sometimes, indazole produces three tautomeric forms that are 1H, 2H and 3H tautomers of indazole. 1H-indazole is reliable than 2H-indazole. We should note that a series of derivatives of indazole having 2H toutomers follow hybridization of cyclic systems and act as anti-inflammatory as well as anti-microbial compounds. It formed Indazole itself and derivatives of Indazole in natural products. A sequence of N-methyl-3-aryl inazoles has dominant against bacterial strains like xanthomon as campstris, Baillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus megaterium and a fungal strain candida albicans found by in-vitro anti-microbial study of indazole derivatives.