Analysis of risk factors for failed closed reduction in pediatric Gartland Type III supracondylar humerus fracture.

BACKGROUND: Gartland Type III supracondylar humerus fractures (SCHFs) are commonly treated using closed reduction followed by percutaneous pin fixation. However, conversion to open reduction may be necessary if closed reduction fails. This study aimed to identify risk factors associated with failed closed reduction and provide a theoretical basis for clinical decision-making in the treatment of Gartland Type III fractures. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on children with Gartland Type III SCHF who underwent surgical treatment between April 2017 and June 2018. Based on whether or not the closed reduction was successful, patients were split into the open reduction group and the closed reduction group. Within the closed reduction group, subgroup analysis based on surgery duration was carried out. Data were collected from medical records and X-ray images. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the relationship between variables and failed closed reduction. RESULTS: The study included 36 patients in the open reduction group and 135 patients in the closed reduction group. Multivariate analysis revealed that the presence of angle (P = .024, OR = 3.199), rotation (P = .000, OR = 6.359), skin creases (P = .013, OR = 4.077), anterior-posterior displacement ratio (P = .011, OR = 4.337), fracture angle in the anteroposterior view (P = .014, OR = 0.939), and fracture distal displacement direction (P = .002, OR = 5.384) were independent risk factors for failed closed reduction. Subgroup analysis showed that fracture distal displacement direction (P = .013), skin folds (P = .013), lateral displacement ratio (P = .016), and anterior-posterior displacement value (P = .005) significantly influenced the duration of closed reduction surgery. CONCLUSION: The presence of sharp angle or rotation at the fracture ends, skin folds on the anterior elbow, minor anterior-posterior displacement of the fracture, higher medial inclination of the fracture plane, and distal fracture displacement toward the radial side are independent risk factors for failed closed reduction in pediatric Gartland Type III SCHF.

Genome-Wide DNA Methylation Differences between Bos indicus and Bos taurus.

Disease risk is a persistent problem in domestic cattle farming, while economic traits are the main concern. This study aimed to reveal the epigenetic basis for differences between zebu (Bos indicus) and taurine cattle (Bos taurus) in disease, disease resistance, and economic traits, and provide a theoretical basis for the genetic improvement of domestic cattle. In this study, whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) was used to analyze the whole-genome methylation of spleen and liver samples from Yunnan zebu and Holstein cattle. In the genome-wide methylation pattern analysis, it was found that the methylation pattern of all samples was dominated by the CG type, which accounted for >94.9%. The DNA methylation levels of different functional regions and transcriptional elements in the CG background varied widely. However, the methylation levels of different samples in the same functional regions or transcriptional elements did not differ significantly. In addition, we identified a large number of differentially methylation region (DMR) in both the spleen and liver groups, of which 4713 and 4663 were annotated to functional elements, and most of them were annotated to the intronic and exonic regions of genes. GO and KEGG functional analysis of the same differentially methylation region (DMG) in the spleen and liver groups revealed that significantly enriched pathways were involved in neurological, disease, and growth functions. As a result of the results of DMR localization, we screened six genes (DNM3, INPP4B, PLD, PCYT1B, KCNN2, and SLIT3) that were tissue-specific candidates for economic traits, disease, and disease resistance in Yunnan zebu. In this study, DNA methylation was used to construct links between genotypes and phenotypes in domestic cattle, providing useful information for further screening of epigenetic molecular markers in zebu and taurine cattle.

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Alcippe ruficapilla (Passeriformes: Timaliidae) and phylogenetic position.

In this work, we first reported the complete mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) sequence of Alcippe ruficapilla by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The complete mitogenome of A. ruficapilla was 16,941 bp in length and contained the typical structure of 13 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs) and 2 no-coding control regions (D-loop). Nucleotide composition of the whole mitogenome was 29.2% A, 24.2% T, 31.87% C, and 14.8% G, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Alcippe ruficapilla gathered into a single branch with Montifrigilla henrici and Acrocephalus scirpaceus with strong support.