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5.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 58(9): 545-548, oct. 2000. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-9769

RESUMO

La mononucleosis infecciosa (MI) se complica, habitualmente, en un 10 por ciento de los casos y, rara vez, requiere hospitalización, si bien hay casos descritos asociados a malignopatías. Los síntomas iniciales pueden confundirse con los de cualquier infección vírica, por lo que la serología específica (IgM e IgG y anticuerpos heterófilos) nos ayuda a establecer el diagnóstico. Sin embargo, la serología puede dar un resultado negativo a edades tempranas, quizá por la inmadurez del sistema inmunológico, o en las formas graves, por lo que el diagnóstico puede confirmarse con la detección del ADN vírico mediante la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en los fluidos corporales (suero, líquido cefalorraquídeo, frotis faríngeo...). Presentamos dos casos de mononucleosis infecciosa prolongada y complicada, que requirieron hospitalización y posterior seguimiento (AU)


Assuntos
Lactente , Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Mononucleose Infecciosa/complicações , Síndrome de Secreção Inadequada de HAD/etiologia , Conjuntivite , Hepatomegalia , Esplenomegalia , Abscesso , Celulite , Encefalite , Síndrome da Pele Escaldada Estafilocócica , Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório do Recém-Nascido/etiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico
6.
An Esp Pediatr ; 52(3): 232-7, 2000 Mar.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11003899

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to analyse clinical, diagnostic, therapeutical and evolutionary features in a pediatric population with tuberculous meningitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The medical records of thirteen children with this diagnosis admitted to Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocío from Seville (Spain) between 1984 and 1999 were reviewed. RESULTS: The mean age was 2,35 +/- 2,3 years. The symptoms upon admission were: fever in 11 children, anorexia and vomiting in 8, disturbance of the consciousness in 7. Meningeal signs in 6, all of them older than 20 months, the remaining seven showed irritability and four of these ones hypertense fontanelles. Three patients were in the first stage of the disease, 9 in the second and 1 in the third, according to the Medical Research Council. CSF findings were indicative in all the cases. Five children had bacilloscopy positive and Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated in 6 patients, sometimes in CSF others in gastric juice. Mantoux skin test was positive in 11. Radiographic studies demonstrated abnormal chest findings in 8 patients (hiliar adenopathy, 1; miliary pattern, 2; and infiltrates, 5). Pathology cranial computed tomography showed in all the cases and the electroencephalogram was slowed down in the initial phases in 11. Two children died and the neurological complications were the most frequent, appearing in 9 patients. Without consequences cured 4 patients, the rest presented cognitive, visual and motor deficits, sensibility skin disturbance and late seizures. No case has been observed during the last 5 years. CONCLUSIONS: Fast diagnosis tests used for M. tuberculosis identification were useful to begin an antituberculous treatment in a high suspicion of meningeal affectation by this German patient. The early treatment will decrease complications and consequences by this disease. A decrease in the incidence looks to be in spite of the VIH infection increase nowadays.


Assuntos
Tuberculose Meníngea/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Estudos Retrospectivos , Espanha/epidemiologia , Tuberculose Meníngea/diagnóstico , Tuberculose Meníngea/tratamento farmacológico
8.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 58(7): 387-391, jul. 2000. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-9752

RESUMO

Objetivo: Evaluar las revisiones publicadas hasta el momento actual en la década de los años noventa sobre meningitis bacteriana en pediatría en nuestro país, con el propósito de conseguir una serie de datos epidemiológicos que puedan ofrecer una visión global de esta patología. Material y métodos: Localización de la literatura disponible en bases de datos informatizadas en el periodo de enero de 1990 a diciembre de 1998; revisión de las referencias incluidas en los artículos localizados, y consulta a expertos en el tema y en aspectos epidemiológicos. Cálculo de la estadística básica de los datos seleccionados. Resultados: Se han seleccionado 12 trabajos. Se evaluaron un total de 5.277 casos, todos correspondientes a pacientes pediátricos, predominantemente del sexo masculino. En el 35 ñ 12 por ciento (intervalo: 14,5-57,1 por ciento) no se aisló el agente etiológico. Los gérmenes aislados con más frecuencia fueron: Neisseria meningitidis (67 por ciento), Haemophilus influenzae (19 por ciento) y Streptococcus pneumoniae (7 por ciento). La mortalidad media fue de un 2,3 por ciento y la tasa de complicaciones de un 4,8 por ciento. Las secuelas más frecuentes fueron retraso mental, sordera y convulsiones. Se realizó TAC en el 27 por ciento de los casos y EEG en el 34 por ciento. El antibiótico más administrado fue la cefotaxima (63,4 por ciento), seguido de ampicilina (23,8 por ciento) y penicilina (22,7 por ciento). Se usaron corticoides con mayor frecuencia en los casos de H. influenzae y S. pneumoniae. Conclusiones: Basar nuestros resultados en datos bibliográficos conlleva que éstos puedan quedar obsoletos en poco tiempo. De ahí, la relevancia de establecer vías de recogida y publicación de información general sobre meningitis bacteriana en revistas de gran difusión de modo periódico y regular (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Masculino , Criança , Humanos , Meningites Bacterianas/epidemiologia , Espanha/epidemiologia , Meningites Bacterianas/complicações , Meningites Bacterianas/microbiologia , Corticosteroides/uso terapêutico , Estatísticas de Sequelas e Incapacidade , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico
9.
An. esp. pediatr. (Ed. impr) ; 52(3): 232-237, mar. 2000.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-2418

RESUMO

Objetivo: Analizar los aspectos clínicos, diagnósticos, terapéuticos y evolutivos de una población pediátrica afectada de meningitis tuberculosa. Material y métodos: Se han revisado retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 13 niños con este diagnóstico ingresados en el Hospital Infantil Virgen del Rocío de Sevilla entre 1984 y 1999. Resultados La edad media fue de 2,35 ñ 2,3 años. Los signos y síntomas al ingreso fueron: fiebre en 11 niños, anorexia y vómitos en 8, alteración de conciencia en 7. Seis niños, todos mayores de 20 meses, tenían signos meníngeos; los 7 restantes presentaban irritabilidad, y 4 de éstos fontanela hipertensa. Se valoraron clínicamente 3 pacientes en el estadio I, 9 en el estadio II y uno en el estadio III, se gún el Medical Research Council. En todos los pacientes los hallazgos de LCR fueron orientativos. La baciloscopia fue positiva en 5 casos y se aisló Mycobacterium tuberculosis en 6 niños, bien en LCR o en aspirado gástrico. El Mantoux se positivizó en 11 casos. La radiografía de tórax fue patológica en 8 niños (adenopatía hiliar en un caso, patrón miliar en 2, e infiltrado en 5). La TAC objetivó una dilatación ventricular en todos los casos y el EEG estuvo lentificado en las fases iniciales en 11 casos. Fallecieron 2 niños y las complicaciones neurológicas fueron las más frecuentes, apareciendo en 9 pacientes. Curaron sin secuelas 4 pacientes, el resto presentaron déficit cognitivos, visuales y motores, hemiparesias y convulsiones tardías. No se ha observado ningún caso en los últimos 5 años. Conclusiones El empleo de técnicas de diagnóstico rápido en la identificación de M. tuberculosis sería útil para iniciar un tratamiento antituberculoso a un paciente con alta sospecha de afectación meníngea por este germen. La precocidad del tratamiento disminuirá las complicaciones y secuelas de esta enfermedad. Parece existir una disminución en la incidencia pese al aumento de la infección por el VIH en la actualidad (AU)


Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Masculino , Lactente , Feminino , Humanos , Espanha , Tuberculose Meníngea , Estudos Retrospectivos
10.
An Esp Pediatr ; 51(6): 664-6, 1999 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10666901

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the patients diagnosed of infectious mononucleosis (IM) in our institution, in order to study the symptoms and clinical evolution. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We retrospectively analyse 37 hospitalized children aged between 3 months and 14 years. Diagnosed of IM by production of immunoglobulin M (IgM) to viral capsid antigen (VCA). RESULT: In our series of 37 children, 14 were less than 4 years old. Among clinical data, lymphadenopathy (86%), fever (81%) and pharyngotonsillitis (70%) were the more striking. We found jaundice only in three of the older children. Upper airways obstruction was common, and specially severe in young children. Three patients developed pneumonia during the disease course. Only ten patients produced heterophile antibodies. Two children showed dual antibody rises to Epstein-Barr virus and cytomegalovirus. Corticotherapy was used in 7 children. The complications are presented in 68% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical aspects of IM were similar to those in the young adult, and complications occur more frequently. We found lack of heterophile antibodies, more frequent in youngest.


Assuntos
Mononucleose Infecciosa , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Hospitalização , Humanos , Lactente , Mononucleose Infecciosa/complicações , Mononucleose Infecciosa/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos
11.
Rev Esp Quimioter ; 11(2): 128-31, 1998 Jun.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9795297

RESUMO

Streptococcus pneumoniae is a common pathogen in children that in recent years has shown a progressive rise in resistance to the usual antibiotics and also to the new third generation cephalosporins. We report a review of Streptococcus pneumoniae strains isolated at our hospital from pediatrics patients in whom we observed an increased incidence of resistance to cefotaxime significantly related with the rise in resistance to penicillin. The resistance of penicillin-resistant strains to various antibiotics was analyzed and the following results were obtained: cefotaxime, 0% susceptible, 83% intermediate and 17% resistant; erythromycin, 16,7% susceptible, 8,3& intermediate and 75% resistant; vancomycin, 100% susceptible; chloramfenicol, 16,7% susceptible and 83,3% resistant; and cotrimoxazole, 100% resistant.


Assuntos
Streptococcus pneumoniae/efeitos dos fármacos , Criança , Resistência Microbiana a Medicamentos , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/estatística & dados numéricos , Sistema Respiratório/microbiologia , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação
13.
An Esp Pediatr ; 13(2): 119-26, 1980 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7396267

RESUMO

Authors present six cases of kala-azar in children under six years of age observed in the province of Seville, during a three year period. Ethiologic, clinical, evolutive and therapeutic aspects of this illness are analized. Two of the patients presented jaundice, in which a liver-spleen scan was performed and nothing else but the hepato-splenomegaly was found, as it was described in a previous case. Importance of visualizing leishmanias by bone marrow puncture for a true diagnosis is remarked.


Assuntos
Leishmaniose Visceral/diagnóstico por imagem , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Glucosamina/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Lactente , Injeções Intramusculares , Leishmaniose Visceral/tratamento farmacológico , Fígado/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Cintilografia , Baço/diagnóstico por imagem , Tecnécio
14.
Rev. cuba. pediatr ; 51(5): 463-73, setp.-oct. 1979. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-7006

RESUMO

El síndrome de Halasz es una malformación poco frecuente y con características bien definidas. Aportamos el estudio realizado en tres niños, menores de tres años, con estudio clínico, radiográfico, isotópico y hemodinámico (cateterismo y angiocardiografía) y se revisan los casos existentes en la bibliografía de pacientes menores de 15 años; se perfilan los síntomas y signos que conducen al diagnóstico y a la orientación terapéutica (AU)


Assuntos
Síndrome de Cimitarra
16.
An Esp Pediatr ; 12(6-7): 511-22, 1979.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39483

RESUMO

Authors studied nine cases of Reye's syndrome, seen over a period of five years. Their ages ranged from 45 days to 3 6/12 years, eight being less than a year old. Mortality rate was 55% and two of the four surviving children presented serious neurological sequelas. In all cases liver pathology was studied by percutaneous biopsy and/or necropsy. Clinical, analitical and anatomopathological findings were similar to those usually described in this syndrome. Medical literature was revised as to etiology and pathology, noting specially the tendency of this syndrome to present in groups, its possible relationship to viral epidemics and the inconsistency of the results of certain therapeutic measures widely used until now. The possible relationship between Reye's syndrome and the usual infant vaccinations, as they found in two cases, as well as the convenience of hepatic studies in the event of postvaccinal encephalopathy is suggested.


Assuntos
Fígado/patologia , Síndrome de Reye/patologia , Biópsia/métodos , Pré-Escolar , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Eletroencefalografia , Encefalomielite Aguda Disseminada/complicações , Encefalomielite Aguda Disseminada/diagnóstico , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Síndrome de Reye/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Reye/etiologia , Viroses/complicações
19.
An Esp Pediatr ; 11(10): 683-92, 1978 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-727602

RESUMO

A study has been made of 79 children from zero to seven years of age admitted to hospital with fever of unknown origin (F.U.O.) of more than two weeks duration. Children in whom fever was not clinically observed after one week of hospitalization are not included. In 50 cases (63.2%), it was possible to establish a definitive diagnosis within the first fornight of admission. The most frequent cause of fever was that of infection, found in 51 children (64.5%), tuberculosis and urinary infections predominating with ten cases each. In another ten children neoplastic disease was diagnosed (mostly leucosis), and there was colagenosis in seven cases (8.8%). In another seven children, the etiology was not established. Mortality rate was 7.5%. Clinical history and exploration were of main importance in the orientation of the diagnoses. The findings of this study suggest that in all children presenting F.U.O., apart from hospitalization of at least one week, a very thorough anamnesis and clinical exploration are most important in establishing the diagnosis, along with a more or less aggressive approach to the problem according to the findings.


Assuntos
Febre de Causa Desconhecida/diagnóstico , Criança , Criança Hospitalizada , Pré-Escolar , Doenças do Colágeno/complicações , Doenças do Colágeno/diagnóstico , Feminino , Febre de Causa Desconhecida/etiologia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Infecções/complicações , Infecções/diagnóstico , Masculino , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/diagnóstico
20.
An Esp Pediatr ; 11(8-9): 547-52, 1978.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-717915

RESUMO

Eighty cases of mumps meningitis are studied in children between the ages of one to seven years. The parotids were affected before, after and during the meningitis in all cases. In fifteen cases, when admitted to the hospital, levels of glucose were found in the C.S.F. equal or lower than 40 mg/100 ml. In three of them the hypoglycorrhachia persisted for a long time, as reported by other authors. The possible causes of low C.S.F. glucose values in meningitis are analized, not explanation for this phenomenon in viral meningitis is found.


Assuntos
Glucose/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Meningite Viral/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Caxumba/líquido cefalorraquidiano , Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/microbiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Meningite Viral/microbiologia , Caxumba/microbiologia
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