Poor Sleep quality and health-related quality of life impact in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions during COVID-19 quarantine.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.

Obesity as a Thrombogenic and Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Children.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Obesity leads to increased risk of thromboembolic events in adults, but few studies have addressed the relationship between obesity and thrombogenic risk during childhood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prothrombotic state of obese children in comparison with healthy children. METHODS: Thrombin generation, fibrinogen, and D-dimer levels, along with metabolic parameters, were measured in 72 prepubertal children, of which 47 were obese and 25 eutrophic. RESULTS: A significant increase in thrombin generation, fibrinogen, and dyslipidemia was found among obese patients. CONCLUSION: A prothrombotic state develops in childhood obesity during the prepubertal phase.

Adolescent obesity treatments: news, views, and evidence.

Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease that is influenced by physiological, environmental, socioeconomic, and genetic factors. In recent decades, this serious disease has impacted a large number of adolescents as a result of lifestyle factors. A lack of exercise and the consumption of excessive calories from an inadequate diet are the main contributors to adolescent obesity. However, genetic and hormonal factors might also play a role. The short- and long-term consequences of this disease include chronic issues such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders and an increase in early mortality rates. Although it is a serious disease, obesity in adolescents can be controlled with diet and exercise. When these lifestyle changes do not obtain the expected results, we can intensify the treatment by adding medication to the practice of diet and exercise. Additionally, for more severe cases, bariatric surgery can be an option. The purpose of this review is to clarify the current epidemiology, risks, and comorbidities and discuss news about the main treatments and the necessary improvements in this context.

Evaluación orofacial de los niños Síndrome Prader-Willi / Avaliação orofacial de crianças com Síndrome de Prader-Willi / Orofacial assessment of children with Prader-Willi Syndrome

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar el estado de salud bucal y el crecimiento craneofacial de pacientes con síndrome de Prader-Willi (SPW), en comparación con niños obesos que no padecen SPW. Métodos y resultados: Se seleccionaron 40 niños con SPW y 40 controles obesos de 10,9 años de edad (control: 11,89 años) y un IMC de 22,72 kg / m2 (control de 36,43 kg / m2). La evaluación de la salud oral ha incluído el número de dientes, tipo de dentición, presencia de caries, sangrado gingival, maloclusión, acumulación de placa, erosión dental, hiperplasia gingival e hipoplasia del esmalte. Los cuestionarios evaluaron los hábitos de higiene oral. Las radiografías panorámicas evaluaron el crecimiento craneofacial. El grupo de casos tenía un 6,8% menos de dientes en comparación con el grupo de control. Se observó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el sangrado gingival, la erosión dental y la hipoplasia del esmalte (p = 0,009; p = 0,02 y p = 0,006, respectivamente). Aunque no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas, se observó un número aumentado de lesiones cariosas y apiñamiento dental en niños con SPW (p = 0,35 y p = 0,07). Ambos grupos mostraron mala higiene dental. Los niños con SPW mostraron un crecimiento de la rama mandibular aumentada en comparación con el control (p = 0.03). Conclusión: Los niños con SPW tenían hemorragia gingival estática aumentada e hipoplasia del esmalte que los controles con obesidad no SPW. Los niños con SPW pueden presentar un crecimiento vertical craneofacial

Objetivo: Avaliar a saúde bucal e o crescimento craniofacial de pacientes pediátricos com SíndromedePrader-Willi(SPW),emcomparação a crianças obesas não-sindrômicas. Métodos e resultados: Foram selecionadas 40 crianças com SPW e 40 controles não obesos com SPW, com idade de 10,9 anos (controle: 11,89 anos) e IMC 22,72 kg / m2 (controle 36,43 kg / m2). Foram avaliados o número de dentes, tipo de dentição, presença de cárie, sangramento gengival, má oclusão, acúmulo de placa bacteriana, erosão dentária, hiperplasia gengival e hipoplasia do esmalte. Os questionários avaliaram os hábitos de higiene bucal. Radiografias panorâmicas avaliaram o crescimento craniofacial. O grupo caso teve um número 6,8% menor de dentes em comparação ao grupo controle. Observouse diferença estatisticamente significante no sangramento gengival, erosão dentária e hipoplasia do esmalte (p = 0,009; p = 0,02 e p = 0,006, respectivamente). Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante, observou-se um número aumentado de lesões de cárie e apinhamento dentário em crianças com SPW (p = 0,35 e p = 0,07). Ambos os grupos apresentaram má higiene dental. As crianças com SPW apresentaram crescimento aumentado do ramo mandibular com diferença estatisticamente significante (p = 0,03). Conclusão: As crianças com SPW apresentaram sangramento gengival estatisticamente aumentado e hipoplasia do esmalte do que os controles não obesos com SPW. Crianças com SPW podem apresentar crescimento vertical craniofacial aumentado. Mais investigações são necessárias para essa população.

Aim: To assess the oral health status and craniofacial growth of patients with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS), compared to obese non-PWS children controls. Methods and Result: 40 PWS children and 40 non-PWS obese controls, aged 10.9 years (control: 11.89 years) and BMI 22.72 kg/m2 (control 36.43 kg/m2) were selected. The number of teeth, type of dentition, presence of caries, gingival bleeding, malocclusion, plaque accumulation, dental erosion, gingival hyperplasia, and enamel hypoplasia were assessed. Questionnaires assessed oral hygiene habits. Panoramic radiographs assessed craniofacial growth. The study group had a 6.8% lower number of teeth compared to the control group. A statistically significant difference was seen in gingival bleeding, dental erosion and enamel hypoplasia (p=0,009; p=0,02 and p=0,006; respectively). There were no statistically significant differences, it was observed an augmented number of carious lesions and Although a higher prevalence of carious lesions and dental crowding was observed in PWS children, the difference was not satisctically significant (p=0.35 and p=0.07 respectively). Both groups showed poor dental hygiene. PWS children showed augmented mandibular ramus growth with a statistically significant difference (p=0.03). Conclusion: PWS children had statically augmented gingival bleeding and enamel hypoplasia than non-PWS obese controls. PWS children may present increased craniofacial vertical growth. Further investigations are needed for this population.

Adolescent obesity treatments: news, views, and evidence

ABSTRACT Obesity is a complex and multifactorial disease that is influenced by physiological, environmental, socioeconomic, and genetic factors. In recent decades, this serious disease has impacted a large number of adolescents as a result of lifestyle factors. A lack of exercise and the consumption of excessive calories from an inadequate diet are the main contributors to adolescent obesity. However, genetic and hormonal factors might also play a role. The short- and long-term consequences of this disease include chronic issues such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disorders and an increase in early mortality rates. Although it is a serious disease, obesity in adolescents can be controlled with diet and exercise. When these lifestyle changes do not obtain the expected results, we can intensify the treatment by adding medication to the practice of diet and exercise. Additionally, for more severe cases, bariatric surgery can be an option. The purpose of this review is to clarify the current epidemiology, risks, and comorbidities and discuss news about the main treatments and the necessary improvements in this context.

Poor Sleep quality and health-related quality of life impact in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions during COVID-19 quarantine

OBJECTIVE: To assess the possible factors that influence sleep quality in adolescents with and without chronic immunosuppressive conditions quarantined during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 305 adolescents with chronic immunocompromised conditions and 82 healthy adolescents. Online surveys were completed, which included questions on socio-demographic data and self-rated healthcare routine during COVID-19 quarantine and the following validated questionnaires: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory 4.0 (PedsQL4.0), and Pediatric Outcome Data Collection Instrument (PODCI). RESULTS: The median current age [14 (10-18) vs. 15 (10-18) years, p=0.847] and frequency of female sex (62% vs. 58%, p=0.571) were similar in adolescents with chronic conditions compared with healthy adolescents. The frequency of poor sleep quality was similar in both groups (38% vs. 48%, p=0.118). Logistic regression analysis, including both healthy adolescents and adolescents with chronic conditions (n=387), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (odds ratio [OR] 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.3-6.8; p=0.008) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.1; 95% CI 1.2-3.5; p=0.008) were independently associated with poor sleep quality in these adolescents. However, the PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for poor sleep quality (OR 0.97; 95% CI 0.94-0.99; p=0.001). Further logistic regression, including only adolescents with chronic conditions (n=305), demonstrated that self-reported increase in screen time (OR 3.1; 95% CI 1.4-6.8; p=0.006) and intrafamilial violence report (OR 2.0; 95% CI 1.2-3.4; p=0.011) remained independently associated with poor quality of sleep, whereas a lower PODCI global function score was associated with a lower OR for sleep quality (OR 0.96; 95% CI 0.94-0.98; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Self-reported increases in screen time and intrafamilial violence report impacted sleep quality in both healthy adolescents and those with chronic conditions. Decreased health-related quality of life was observed in adolescents with poor sleep quality.

BARIATRIC SURGERY AS A TREATMENT FOR IDIOPATHIC INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION IN A MALE ADOLESCENT: CASE REPORT.

OBJECTIVE: To describe a case of a male adolescent with symptomatic idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) associated with obesity treated with bariatric surgery. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 16-year-and-6-month-old severely obese boy [weight: 133.6 kg; height: 1.74 m (Z score: +0.14); BMI: 44.1 kg/m2 (Z score: +4.4)], Tanner pubertal stage 5, presented biparietal, high-intensity, and pulsatile headaches, about five times per week, associated with nocturnal awakenings, and partial improvement with common analgesics, for three months. Ophthalmologic evaluation evidenced bilateral papilledema. Cranial computed tomography revealed no mass or anatomic abnormalities. Lumbar puncture showed increased intracranial pressure of 40 cmH2O (reference value: <28 cmH2O) with a normal content. After being diagnosed with IIH, the patient was started on acetazolamide. However, after three months, he was still symptomatic. He was diagnosed with obesity due to excess energy intake and, as he had failed to lose weight after a conventional clinical treatment, bariatric surgery was indicated. The patient (at 16 years and nine months) underwent an uncomplicated laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Ophthalmologic evaluation, performed five months after surgery, revealed normal visual acuity in both eyes and improvement of bilateral papilledema. Follow-up at 18 months showed a 67.5% loss of excess weight (weight: 94.5 kg and BMI: 31.2 kg/m2) and complete resolution of IIH symptoms. COMMENTS: IIH is characterized by increased intracranial pressure with no evidence of deformity or obstruction of the ventricular system on neuroimaging. It has been associated with obesity. Bariatric surgery may be a valid alternative approach for morbidly obese adolescent patients with refractory symptoms.

Bariatric surgery as a treatment for idiopathic intracranial hypertension in a male adolescent: case report / Cirurgia bariátrica como tratamento de pseudotumor cerebral primário em adolescente do sexo masculino: relato de caso

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe a case of a male adolescent with symptomatic idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) associated with obesity treated with bariatric surgery. Case description: A 16-year-and-6-month-old severely obese boy [weight: 133.6 kg; height: 1.74 m (Z score: +0.14); BMI: 44.1 kg/m2 (Z score: +4.4)], Tanner pubertal stage 5, presented biparietal, high-intensity, and pulsatile headaches, about five times per week, associated with nocturnal awakenings, and partial improvement with common analgesics, for three months. Ophthalmologic evaluation evidenced bilateral papilledema. Cranial computed tomography revealed no mass or anatomic abnormalities. Lumbar puncture showed increased intracranial pressure of 40 cmH2O (reference value: <28 cmH2O) with a normal content. After being diagnosed with IIH, the patient was started on acetazolamide. However, after three months, he was still symptomatic. He was diagnosed with obesity due to excess energy intake and, as he had failed to lose weight after a conventional clinical treatment, bariatric surgery was indicated. The patient (at 16 years and nine months) underwent an uncomplicated laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy. Ophthalmologic evaluation, performed five months after surgery, revealed normal visual acuity in both eyes and improvement of bilateral papilledema. Follow-up at 18 months showed a 67.5% loss of excess weight (weight: 94.5 kg and BMI: 31.2 kg/m2) and complete resolution of IIH symptoms. Comments: IIH is characterized by increased intracranial pressure with no evidence of deformity or obstruction of the ventricular system on neuroimaging. It has been associated with obesity. Bariatric surgery may be a valid alternative approach for morbidly obese adolescent patients with refractory symptoms.

RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever um caso de cirurgia bariátrica como tratamento de pseudotumor cerebral primário (PTCP) em adolescente do sexo masculino com obesidade. Descrição do caso: Adolescente, sexo masculino, 16 anos e 6 meses, com obesidade exógena [peso:133,6 kg; estatura:1,74 m (escore z: +0,14); IMC: 44,1 kg/m2 (escore z: +4,4)], estadiamento puberal de Tanner 5, apresentando cefaleia bi-parietal, pulsátil e de alta-intensidade, cerca de cinco vezes por semana, associada a despertares noturnos, e com melhora parcial com analgésicos comuns, há três meses. A avaliação oftalmológica evidenciou papiledema bilateral e a tomografia computadorizada de crânio não revelou massas ou alterações anatômicas. A punção lombar mostrou pressão intracraniana elevada de 40 cmH2O (Referência: <28 cmH2O) com conteúdo normal. Feito o diagnóstico, o paciente foi iniciou uso de acetazolamida. No entanto, após 3 meses, o paciente mantinha-se sintomático. Ele foi diagnosticado com obesidade devido ao consumo calórico excessivo e, como não havia obtido sucesso na perda de peso com tratamento clínico convencional, a cirurgia bariátrica foi indicada. Aos 16 anos e 9 meses, o paciente foi submetido a gastrectomia vertical laparoscópica sem complicações. A avaliação oftalmológica, cinco meses após a cirurgia, revelou melhora do papiledema bilateral com acuidade visual normal em ambos os olhos. Apresentou perda de excesso de peso de 67,5% (peso: 94,5 kg e IMC:31,2 kg/m2) e resolução completa dos sintomas de PPTC 18 meses após a cirurgia. Comentários: O PTCP é caracterizado pelo aumento da pressão intracraniana, sem evidência de deformidade ou obstrução do sistema ventricular na neuroimagem. Está associado à obesidade. A cirurgia bariátrica pode ser uma alternativa terapêutica válida para pacientes adolescentes obesos graves com sintomas refratários.

Review of a three-year study on the dental care of onco-hematological pediatric patients.

The aim of this study was to provide an updated review of dental procedures undertaken at the dental unit of the Onco-hematology service of the Instituto da Criança at the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (ICr/HC-FMUSP). We retrospectively reviewed 565 of 1902 medical and dental records of patients diagnosed with onco-hematological diseases who were seen in a 3-year study (January 2015 to December 2017). We assessed data regarding population characteristics, onco-hematological diagnosis and dental procedures performed. Of the selected medical records, preventive dentistry was the most common procedure undertaken in this population, followed by oral maxillofacial surgeries, restorative dentistry and oral mucositis treatment. The most prevalent malignant diagnosis was acute lymphocytic leukemia, and the most prevalent nonmalignant diagnosis was sickle-cell anemia. Preventive dental procedures represent most of the dental procedures undertaken in hospitalized onco-hematological pediatric patients.

Diâmetro abdominal sagital de adolescentes obesos e sua associação com os critérios da síndrome metabólica / Sagittal abdominal diameter of obese adolescents and its association with the criteria of metabolic syndrome

INTRODUÇÃO: O diâmetro abdominal sagital (DAS) é uma medida antropométrica relacionada com a gordura visceral e utilizada para avaliar a obesidade abdominal, uma variável associada à síndrome metabólica (SM). Sua utilização é indicada na prática clínica para avaliação de risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes obesos. Este estudo consiste em verificar a correlação entre o DAS e a circunferência abdominal (CA) na avaliação da obesidade central e sua associação com os critérios da SM e Home-ostatic Model Assessment Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) em adolescentes obesos. MÉTODO: Estudo de corte transversal constituído por adolescentes obesos matriculados nos ambulatórios das Unidades de Endocrinologia Pediátrica e de Adolescentes do Instituto da Criança do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo. As variáveis antropométricas avaliadas foram: índice de massa corporal (IMC), Escore Z do IMC, %GC, CA, DAS. As variáveis laboratoriais e clínicas foram: HDL-c, triglicérides, glicemia e insulina para o cálculo do HOMA-IR e pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica. RESULTADOS: De acordo com os critérios utilizados pelo IDF, 27,7% dos 83 adolescentes, com idade entre 14 e 18 anos apresentaram SM e o DAS demonstrou estar significantemente associado com as variáveis pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), pressão arterial diastólica (PAD) e HOMA-IR nos grupos geral, feminino e masculino. A concordância entre a CA e o DAS é significante nos grupos geral (Kappa 0,511; p<0,001), feminino e masculino com SM (Kappa 1,00; p<0,001) e o DAS oferece vantagem metodológica na sua mensuração. Conclusão: Nas condições deste estudo, conclui-se que as medidas antropométricas CA e DAS se equivalem para o grupo avaliado na classificação da SM. O DAS é preditor de PAS, PAD e de HOMA-IR e é forte indicador de risco cardiometabólico em adolescentes obesos

Alteraciones craneofaciales en niños y adolescentes obesos / Craniofacial aterations in obese children and adolescents

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Obesity Prevention: Strategies and Challenges in Latin America.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this study is to present changes of policies and norms aimed to reduce obesity levels that have been adopted in some Latin American countries. RECENT FINDINGS: The global increase of the excess weight within the population has been demanding governmental actions aimed at preventing health impacts generated by obesity. Over recent years, many Latin American countries have established a number of regulations aimed at reducing weight in the population using interventions that could effectively prevent childhood obesity, including the taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), increasing physical activity in open spaces, and, especially, front-of-package labeling. Some strategies are part of the Action Plan for Prevention of Child and Adolescence Obesity signed by all countries in Latin America, which currently have among the highest prevalence of childhood obesity in the world. Among them are the implementation of fiscal policies on energy-dense and nutrient-poor foods and taxes on SSBs; improvements in nutrition labeling, highlighting the front-of-package (FOP) labeling to promote the choice of healthier products at the time of purchase; and promotion of an active lifestyle, such as encouraging the use of bicycle paths or physical activity programs at school. The real impact of these prevention strategies implemented in Latin America on the prevalence of obesity is still unknown.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome among Obese Adolescents.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: In adolescence and obesity, the pathophysiology of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is very difficult to distinguish. We aimed to assess the diagnosis of PCOS in the population of obese adolescent. METHODS: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Pediatric Endocrinology Weight and Management Clinic from Children's Institute, São Paulo, Brazil. PARTICIPANTS: Forty-nine post-menarcheal obese adolescents with mean age of 14.7 years. INTERVENTIONS: Anthropometric assessment and review of medical records were done. Clinical and laboratory hyperandrogenism were quantified using Ferriman-Gallwey index and androgenic dosages, respectively. Ovarian morphology was evaluated through suprapubic ultrasonography. RESULTS: By the 2015 Witchel et al. guideline for PCOS in adolescence, 18.4% were diagnosed as having PCOS. When assessed by Rotterdam, Androgen Excess and PCOS Society, and American National Institute of Health criteria's, 26.4%, 22.4%, and 20.4% had PCOS, respectively. Irregular menstrual cycles were found in 65.3% of patients. Clinical hyperandrogenism was observed in 16.3% of girls and 18.4% had elevated serum androgen values. Suprapubic ultrasonography revealed enlarged ovaries in 18.4% of the adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: PCOS in all-comers obese adolescents from a Weight and Management Clinic in a quaternary hospital is more frequent when compared to adult women showed in the literature.

Review of a three-year study on the dental care of onco-hematological pediatric patients

The aim of this study was to provide an updated review of dental procedures undertaken at the dental unit of the Onco-hematology service of the Instituto da Criança at the Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (ICr/HC-FMUSP). We retrospectively reviewed 565 of 1902 medical and dental records of patients diagnosed with onco-hematological diseases who were seen in a 3-year study (January 2015 to December 2017). We assessed data regarding population characteristics, onco-hematological diagnosis and dental procedures performed. Of the selected medical records, preventive dentistry was the most common procedure undertaken in this population, followed by oral maxillofacial surgeries, restorative dentistry and oral mucositis treatment. The most prevalent malignant diagnosis was acute lymphocytic leukemia, and the most prevalent nonmalignant diagnosis was sickle-cell anemia. Preventive dental procedures represent most of the dental procedures undertaken in hospitalized onco-hematological pediatric patients.

Futsal improve body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight and obese children. A pilot study

The aim of this study was to verify body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and biochemical markers of prepubertal overweight and obese boys to a 16-week futsal training program. Methods: Sixteen boys (age: 7-10 y, body mass index>thanat 95th percentileaccording to Center for Disease Control and Prevention; 35.5±7.4 percent fat) participated to futsal training program. The assessment of body composition was estimated using skinfold thickness, and the following variables were evaluated: total body mass, body mass index, body fat percentage, and lean body mass. Aerobic fitness measurementwas performed by gas exchange analysis in treadmill. In addition, an evaluation of the biochemical profile was conducted: triglycerides, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, plasma concentrations of glucose, and insulin. The futsal intervention included 60-min sessions performed two times/week. The mean intensity during training was between 57 to 88% of maximal heart rate of the age-predicted. Individual portable heart rate monitor controlled training intensity. Results: Significant increases in total body mass (4%), height (3%), lean body mass (8%), and significant 6%-decrease in body fat percentage was observed. Body mass index remained unchanged. Maximal oxygen uptake was elevated (p<0.018) by 11%. Biochemical markers were not modified after intervention. No association was found between body composition and metabolic variables. The effect size of futsal training on most variables was small (<0.5). Conclusion: Controlled intensity and adherence to this 16-week futsal training program were determinant to enhance body composition, and cardiorespiratory fitness in this group of prepubertal boys.(AU)

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in severely obese adolescents: effects on metabolic profile

ABSTRACT Objective: The objective was to conduct clinical and metabolic evaluations of obese adolescents before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) (up to 24 months). Subjects and methods: This was designed as a retrospective, descriptive series of cases study, conducted in Instituto da Criança, São Paulo, Brazil. Analysis of clinical and laboratory data from 22 obese adolescents between 14 and 19 years old submitted to LSG between 2007 and 2014. Patients had BMI > 40 kg/m2 or BMI > 35 kg/m2 with comorbidities. Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory assessments were performed: before surgery, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery. We assessed weight loss and metabolic changes up to 24 months after LSG. Results: The mean preoperative weight and BMI were 128.5 kg (SD = 23.1) and 46.5 kg/m2 (SD = 74), respectively. There was an average weight loss of 34.5 kg in the first 12 months' post LSG, corresponding to a 60% excess weight loss (EWL), as well as an average reduction in BMI of 12.3 kg/m2. However, after 24 months, the average EWL was 45%, corresponding to an average weight regain (WR) of 13.3 kg (15%) within two years. LSG improved dyslipidemia in 67.8% of patients, a significant remission of hepatic steatosis 47% and 37.7% systemic arterial hypertension; type 2 diabetes remission was complete. Conclusions: LSG proved to be a safe and effective procedure and seems to be the new hope for the obesity epidemic.

Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in severely obese adolescents: effects on metabolic profile.

OBJECTIVE: The objective was to conduct clinical and metabolic evaluations of obese adolescents before and after laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) (up to 24 months). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This was designed as a retrospective, descriptive series of cases study, conducted in Instituto da Criança, São Paulo, Brazil. Analysis of clinical and laboratory data from 22 obese adolescents between 14 and 19 years old submitted to LSG between 2007 and 2014. Patients had BMI > 40 kg/m2 or BMI > 35 kg/m2 with comorbidities. Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory assessments were performed: before surgery, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months after surgery. We assessed weight loss and metabolic changes up to 24 months after LSG. RESULTS: The mean preoperative weight and BMI were 128.5 kg (SD = 23.1) and 46.5 kg/m2 (SD = 74), respectively. There was an average weight loss of 34.5 kg in the first 12 months' post LSG, corresponding to a 60% excess weight loss (EWL), as well as an average reduction in BMI of 12.3 kg/m2. However, after 24 months, the average EWL was 45%, corresponding to an average weight regain (WR) of 13.3 kg (15%) within two years. LSG improved dyslipidemia in 67.8% of patients, a significant remission of hepatic steatosis 47% and 37.7% systemic arterial hypertension; type 2 diabetes remission was complete. CONCLUSIONS: LSG proved to be a safe and effective procedure and seems to be the new hope for the obesity epidemic.