[The women who wrote in the Manicomio Nacional de Leganés after the Spanish Civil War, 1939-1952]. / Las mujeres que escribieron en el Manicomio Nacional de Leganés tras la Guerra Civil Española, 1939-1952.

This article uses the medical records of six women admitted to the Manicomio Nacional de Leganés, Madrid (Spain), in which, in addition to medical notes, there are letters and other personal documents. These unsent letters allow us to read about their complaints towards the institution, as well as to recover the voices of the inmates and their resistance to being treated like insane people. This analysis leads us to explore the double marginalization: being "women" and being "mentally ill"; it also brings us closer to building a story from the patient's point of view. The time frame is Franco's dictatorship, during which the implementation of a national-Catholic system undoubtedly reinforced the female hegemonic model of the regime.

El presente trabajo utiliza los historiales clínicos de seis mujeres internadas en el Manicomio Nacional de Leganés, Madrid (España), en los que, además de las anotaciones médicas, existen cartas y otros documentos personales. El control sobre estas cartas no enviadas nos permite escuchar las denuncias sobre la institución, así como recuperar las voces de las internas y sus resistencias a ser tratadas como locas. Este análisis nos lleva a explorar la doble marginación: ser "mujeres" y "enfermas mentales" y nos aproxima a construir una historia desde el punto de vista del paciente. El marco temporal es el franquismo, régimen dictatorial que implantó un modelo hegemónico femenino dictado por una moral nacional-católica.

Las mujeres que escribieron en el Manicomio Nacional de Leganés tras la Guerra Civil Española, 1939-1952 / The women who wrote in the Manicomio Nacional de Leganés after the Spanish Civil War, 1939-1952

Resumen El presente trabajo utiliza los historiales clínicos de seis mujeres internadas en el Manicomio Nacional de Leganés, Madrid (España), en los que, además de las anotaciones médicas, existen cartas y otros documentos personales. El control sobre estas cartas no enviadas nos permite escuchar las denuncias sobre la institución, así como recuperar las voces de las internas y sus resistencias a ser tratadas como locas. Este análisis nos lleva a explorar la doble marginación: ser "mujeres" y "enfermas mentales" y nos aproxima a construir una historia desde el punto de vista del paciente. El marco temporal es el franquismo, régimen dictatorial que implantó un modelo hegemónico femenino dictado por una moral nacional-católica.

Abstract This article uses the medical records of six women admitted to the Manicomio Nacional de Leganés, Madrid (Spain), in which, in addition to medical notes, there are letters and other personal documents. These unsent letters allow us to read about their complaints towards the institution, as well as to recover the voices of the inmates and their resistance to being treated like insane people. This analysis leads us to explore the double marginalization: being "women" and being "mentally ill"; it also brings us closer to building a story from the patient's point of view. The time frame is Franco's dictatorship, during which the implementation of a national-Catholic system undoubtedly reinforced the female hegemonic model of the regime.

Psiquiatrización de la sexualidad femenina: a propósito de los testimonios y las historias clínicas de las mujeres del Manicomio de Leganés en el periodo 1939-1952 / Psychiatrization of female sexuality: regarding the testimonies and clinical histories of women in the Leganés Asylum in the 1939-1952 period1

En el presente trabajo investigamos sobre los testimonios escritos correspondientes a mujeres ingresadas en el antiguo Manicomio Nacional de Leganés durante la España del primer franquismo. Analizamos desde una lectura crítica feminista tanto los discursos de los psiquiatras de la época como el discurso de las propias mujeres ingresadas, ya que ambas voces conviven en el material trabajado. De esta manera, pretendemos esbozar cómo se patologizó la sexualidad de la mujer así como cualquier conducta fuera del rol de madre, mujer de la casa o mujer de vida consagrada. Este modelo de identidad femenina que se impuso en la época encontró sus vías de afianzamiento en la educación, el marco legal y la psiquiatría, principalmente. Y de ello queda constancia en los escritos que rescatamos, así como en los trabajos de investigación en que nos apoyamos. (AU)

In the present work, we investigate the written accounts of women interned in the old Leganés National Asylum in Spain during the first years of Franco´s regime. We analyze, under a critical feminist reading, the voices of both psychiatrists present at those times and the female inmates themselves, since both voices coexist in the material studied. Thus, we intend to outline how women´s sexuality was pathologized, as well as any other role that was taken outside the role of mother, woman of the house, or woman of consecrated life. This model of female identity that was imposed in those times was consolidated mainly through education, legal framework, and psychiatry. And this is evidenced in the writings that we have rescued, as well as in the research work on which we base our work. (AU)

Shock therapies in Spain (1939-1952) after the Civil War: Santa Isabel National Mental Asylum in Leganés.

The first third of the twentieth century changed the therapeutical landscape with the emergence of new treatments for the mentally ill in asylums. However, the historiography of their use in Spanish psychiatric establishments has been scarcely studied. The popularization of barbiturate sleep therapies, insulin shock, cardiazol therapy, electroshock and leucotomy spread from the beginning of the century. However, the Spanish Civil War and Spain's isolation during Franco's autarky (1939-52) made their implementation difficult. Through historiographic research using medical records as documentary sources, this work analyses the socio-demographic conditions of the asylum population during the first decade of Franco's dictatorship. The treatments used in Leganés Mental Asylum are described and are compared with those used in other Spanish psychiatric institutions.

Contingency plan of the Clinical Management Unit for Psychiatry and Mental Health (CMUPMH) of the Infanta Cristina University Hospital (ICUH) for the COVID-19 pandemic.

In recent decades, pandemics and health catastrophes have caused disorders in part of the population with quite diverse consequences (SARS in 2002-2003, Ebola in 2014- 2015) showing a tendency to create generalised fear in the population, stigmatisation of the sufferers and psychological effects in health-care staff themselves.

Neuropsiquiatría de posguerra: una aproximación a la población manicomial de Leganés / Postwar Neuropsychiatry: an approach to the Leganes asylum population

El objetivo de este trabajo es analizar la población ingresada durante la autarquía franquista y conocer las características sociodemográficas y el abordaje clínico-terapéutico de los pacientes durante la posguerra (AU)

The aim of the study is to provide analyses of some archival material concerns with patient population admitted after Spanish Civil War, which has not yet examined (AU)